catalogue
Invention and function of door closer
Working principle and types of door closers
Selection, use, maintenance and repair of door closers
Requirements for use include
1? definition
2? executive standard
3? classify
4? System configuration, performance characteristics, scope of application and reference price 4. 1? American standard door closer
4.2? European standard door closer
4.3? China standard door closer
The invention and function of door closers?
What are the working principles and types of door closers?
Selection, use, maintenance and repair of door closers?
Requirements for use include?
1? Definition?
2? Implementing standards?
3? Classification?
4? System configuration, performance characteristics, scope of application and reference price? 4. 1? American standard door closer?
4.2? European standard door closer?
4.3? China standard door closer
Expansion? The invention and function of door closer in editing this paragraph
Modern hydraulic door closers (door closers for short) began with a patent registered by Americans in the early 20th century. Different from the traditional door closer, it achieves the buffering effect by throttling the liquid in the door closer. The core of the design idea of hydraulic door closer is to control the door closing process, so that the functional indexes of the door closing process can be adjusted according to people's needs. The significance of the door closer is not only to automatically close the door, but also to protect the door frame and door body (smooth door closing). More importantly, the door closer has become the intelligence of modern architecture.
An indispensable part of cultural management. ? Door closers are mainly used in commercial and public buildings, but also in families. They have many uses, the most important of which is to make doors close automatically to limit the spread of fire and ventilation in buildings.
Edit the working principle and type of the door closer in this paragraph.
The basic components of the hydraulic door closer are supporting guide rail, transmission gear, return spring, one-way valve, rack plunger, throttle core and shell, end cover, sealing ring and connecting rod. The shell and connecting rod play the role of fixing the door closer and connecting the door leaf with the door frame. ? The working principle of the door closer is that when the door is opened, the door body drives the connecting rod to move, and the transmission gear rotates to drive the rack plunger to move to the right. When the plunger moves to the right, the spring is compressed, and the hydraulic oil in the right chamber is also compressed. The check valve ball on the left side of the plunger opens under the action of oil pressure, and the hydraulic oil in the right chamber flows into the left chamber through the check valve. When the door opening process is completed, the spring is compressed during the door opening process, and the accumulated elastic potential energy is released, which pushes the plunger to move to the left and drives the transmission gear and the connecting rod of the door closer to rotate, thus closing the door. ? During the release of the spring, because the hydraulic oil in the left cavity of the door closer is compressed, the one-way valve is closed, and the hydraulic oil can only flow out through the gap between the shell and the plunger, and then flow back to the right cavity through the small hole on the plunger and two flow channels equipped with throttling cores. Therefore, the hydraulic oil constitutes resistance to the release of the spring, that is, the buffering effect is achieved by throttling, and the speed of closing the door is controlled. The throttle valve on the valve body can be adjusted to control the variable closing speed of different stroke sections. Although the structure and size of door closers produced by different manufacturers are different, the principle is the same. ? The types of door closers can be divided into: external door closers and embedded door closers, embedded door closers, door bottom closers (floor springs), vertical door closers (built-in automatic reset hinges) and other types of door closers.
Edit the selection, use, maintenance and repair of door closers in this paragraph.
1, requirements and selection of door closers? Door closers must meet the national standard GB9305-88, and door closers for fire doors should also meet the requirements of GA93- 1995 "Fire Door Closer Test". ? The factors to be considered in selecting the door closer are: the weight of the door, the width of the door, the frequency of opening the door, the use requirements and the use environment. The weight and width of the door are the most important factors when choosing the model of the door closer. Common doors are fire doors, wooden doors, aluminum alloy doors, glass doors and steel doors. Usually, if the weight of the door is small, choose the model with less strength, and vice versa. The frequency of door opening is closely related to product quality. For frequent occasions, products should be required to have good sealing performance and long service life.
Requirements for editing this paragraph include
1) Whether it is necessary to have an automatic door stop function after opening the door; ? 2) Damping and buffering function-damping and buffering are generated after the door is quickly opened to a certain position, and the strength and range of damping and buffering can be adjusted according to the use requirements; This function is used to prevent the door or lock from colliding with the wall when opening the door quickly, or to prevent people from leaning forward and falling to the ground when opening the door quickly due to weightlessness during emergency escape.
3)? Delayed slow door closing-the door closes slowly at a uniform speed from the maximum position of opening the door, which can be adjusted infinitely according to requirements. Suitable for places with frequent and crowded people, especially hospitals, with special doors and passages for the elderly, children and the disabled. ? 4)? The closing force can be adjusted-it can be installed on different doors with various door weights and widths, and it can also be installed in places with high closing resistance due to environmental reasons. Arbitrary stepless adjustment can obtain satisfactory door closing force, especially in coastal cities, cars and boats and other places where door closing resistance (door closing force) often changes due to wind. ? 5)? Application environment: Fire protection requirements and anti-freezing requirements for places with minus 35 degrees in winter. ? Usually, the selection of door closers can match the size and weight of different doors according to the manufacturer's product specifications and parameters and different strength or adjustable strength. The following table shows the British standard BS? Hmm? 1 154 (recognized standard for classification of door closers) specifies the mass/size of seven types of test doors. The closing force of the door closer usually specifies a value between 1 and 7. The larger the number, the greater the capacity of the door closer. ? Test the quality/size of the door? Capacity size number? What is the recommended door width? Test the door quality? 2. Install the door closer? A: How to install the door closer? The most commonly used door closer is the external door closer, and the installation method is as follows: The most common standard usage is that the door closer is installed on the hinge side and the open side of the door. When so installed, the arm of the door closer protrudes outward at an angle of about 90 degrees with respect to the door frame. ? In the second application, the door closer is installed on the side opposite to the hinge side where the door is closed. Usually, the extra bracket provided by the door closer is installed on the arm parallel to the door frame. This usage is usually used on outward-facing external doors that are unwilling to install door closers outside buildings. ? The body of the door closer is installed on the door frame instead of the door, and the door closer is opposite to the hinge of the door. This usage can also be used for external doors that open outward, especially those with narrow upper edges and insufficient space to accommodate the door closer body. ? In the third usage, the vertical door closer (with built-in automatic reset hinge) is vertically hidden inside one side of the door leaf rotating shaft, and no screws and parts can be seen from the outside, so it can be integrated with the door and can be opened and closed in one direction and two directions, and the construction is simple. ? B. installation steps of door closer:? Usually, the manual attached to the door closer has an installation template, so read the manual first and determine the installation position according to the door opening direction, door closing force and the installation size between the door closer body, the connecting seat and the door hinge. ? 2)? According to the requirements of closing force, the closing force can be changed by reversing the connecting seat 180 or changing the connecting position between the connecting rod and the connecting seat. The greater the distance between the adjusting link and the center line of the door hinge, the smaller the closing force of the door closer is, and the greater the force is. ? 3) Determine the position of the mounting screw according to the position indication on the mounting template, and then drill and tap. ? 4) Install the door closer body with screws. ? 5) Install the fixed connecting seat. ? 6)? Install the drive plate with screws. ? 7) Adjust the adjusting lever and the door frame to 90, and then connect the connecting rod with the transmission plate. ? 8)? Don't forget to install a plastic cover, which can be used to collect the hydraulic oil leaked from the door closer. ? 9)? After installation, check whether the fixing screws are fastened, and there shall be no looseness or looseness. Open the door to the maximum open position, and check whether the hinge rotating arm of the door closer collides with or rubs against the door or door frame. ? What is the closing speed of the door closer? 10)? Adjust the closing speed of the door closer as needed. Usually, the door closer has two speed regulating (throttle core) screws. The upper adjusting screw is the first adjusting screw for closing speed, and the lower adjusting screw is the second adjusting screw (usually10&; Ordm) close the speed adjusting screw. ? C. Use, maintenance and repair of door closers? After the newly installed door closer is used for about 10 days from the beginning of one week, all screws should be checked and re-tightened. ? Use hydraulic oil recommended by the manufacturer, and hydraulic oil with low freezing point should be used in cold areas. ? After the door closer is put into use, it should be checked regularly, including whether the mounting screws are loose or missing, whether the connecting arm rubs against the door body or door frame, whether the door body is deformed or loose, the buffering effect of closing the door, and whether the supporting guide rail leaks oil. ? Usually, after the door closer is used for a period of time, the following problems will appear:? 1)? Loose or missing mounting screws lead to incorrect installation position of the door closer and damage to the connecting arm; ? 2)? When the door closer is closed, the buffering effect becomes worse, which leads to the collision between the door and the door frame and the deformation of the door body; ? From the structural point of view, the door closer is a closed whole, and it is not good or bad from the appearance. ? The key quality problem of the door closer is whether it leaks oil, because the door closer controls the closing process by throttling the fluid in its internal hydraulic system, and oil leakage means the failure of the hydraulic system, so the hydraulic system is the only criterion to determine the service life of the door closer. ? The main reasons for oil leakage are that the gap increases due to the wear of pinion support guide, the sealing effect decreases due to the wear of sealing ring, or the throttle valve core rotates counterclockwise away from the valve body when adjusting the buffering effect. ? The reduction of the buffering effect of the door closer is caused by the oil leakage into the air or the increase of the fit (throttle) gap between the rack plunger guide cylinder and the valve body. Therefore, the quality and accuracy of materials, heat treatment and machining of pinion and supporting guide rail are very important. ? For the door closer with poor buffering effect, it is impossible to solve the problem simply by adjusting the throttle core to throttle. It must be repaired. If the support guide leaks oil, remove the support guide and check the condition of the sealing ring. If worn or aged, replace the sealing ring. If the gap between the support rail and the pinion shaft is too large, replace the support rail. If the guide cylinder of the rack plunger is worn, the fit clearance between the rack plunger and the valve body increases, which leads to the decrease of throttling effect. The rack plunger can be removed and the surface can be repaired by chrome plating. In addition, under the condition of ensuring the buffering effect of the door closer, it is also a method to reduce the impact of the back door on the door frame because of the poor buffering effect.
Edit this paragraph 1? definition
It is installed on the upper part of a flat door leaf and opens the door in one direction. Usually, a device with a temperature of-15 ~ 40℃ and a combination of metal spring and hydraulic damping is used. It should be selected according to the requirements of door leaf width, weight and frequency of use.
Edit this paragraph 2? executive standard
QB/T？ 2698-200 "door closer"
Edit this paragraph 3? classify
3. 1? American standard door closer? 3.2? European standard door closer? 3.3 China Standard Door Closer
Edit this paragraph 4? System configuration, performance characteristics, scope of application and reference price
Due to different detection methods, the opening time of door closers is not comparable among American standard, European standard and national standard.
4. 1? American standard door closer
1) high-grade American standard door closers? It has reached 2 million opening life tests. Meet American ANSI? 156? Level 1 requirements. It has the function of force adjustment. ? It is suitable for the heavy-duty and high-strength door control system of public buildings, projects and maintenance doors with high safety and high frequency of use. ? 2) Mid-range American standard door closers? The door closers of non-fire doors have reached 6.5438+0.0000 opening life tests. It has the function of force adjustment. ? It is suitable for the door control system of high-strength residential doors and medium-strength commercial doors with high safety and high frequency of use.
4.2? European standard door closer
1) high-grade European standard door closers? More than 500,000 life tests meet the requirements of EN? 1 154. It has the function of force adjustment. ? It is suitable for the heavy-duty and high-strength door control system of public buildings, projects and maintenance doors with high safety and high frequency of use. ? 2) Mid-range European standard door closers? More than 300,000 life tests meet the requirements of EN? 1 154. It has the function of force adjustment. ? It is suitable for the door control system of high-strength residential doors and medium-strength commercial doors with high safety and high frequency of use.
4.3? China standard door closer
Over 500,000 life tests. ? Suitable for external doors with anti-theft requirements and low frequency of use.