Watt asked again, "Why does the lid jump when the water is boiling?" Grandma can't answer.
From then on, Watt often sat by the fire and observed carefully. He saw the water boiling, and the steam in the pot rushed up and rushed to the lid. He thought: the lid of the pot is pushed by steam. The steam produced by a pot of boiling water can push a lid. More boiling water will produce more steam. Can't it push something heavier?
When Watt grew up, he continued to study this problem. He absorbed the experience of predecessors, and after many experiments, he finally invented the steam engine.
Edison was not clever when he was a child, but he was good at observation, diligent in thinking, and liked to get to the bottom of it. Once, my father saw him lying motionless in the haystack and asked strangely, "What are you doing?" Little Edison replied unhurriedly, "I'm incubating chickens!" " It turned out that he saw that hens could hatch chicks and wanted to try it himself.
Father, angry and funny, told others not to hatch chickens. On the way home, he kept staring at his father and asked, "Why can hens hatch chicks and I can't?"
From then on, everyone said Edison was a "bookworm". Once, in order to know the mystery of fire, he lit a fire in his neighbor's barn and caused a big fire. I was beaten by my father afterwards.
Edison went to school when he was seven years old. At that time, the school curriculum was rigid and corporal punishment was practiced. Young Edison was very dissatisfied with this. The teacher's boring speech didn't interest him.
He is not good at his lessons, but his mind is full of strange questions. The classmates all said he was stupid, and the teacher also called him an imbecile. After studying in school for less than three months, I was forced to drop out. This is the only formal education he received in his life.
Edison's mother personally taught her children to read and write, and took pains to answer his various questions. Once, his mother bought him a nature reader, and he was immediately fascinated by the little experiment introduced in the book. He set up a small laboratory at home, spent all his pocket money on experimental supplies and did experiments whenever he had time.
Edison 1 1 became a newsboy on the train. With the permission of the train conductor, he set up a simple small laboratory in a corner of the baggage car.
Once, the vibration of the train knocked a bottle of yellow phosphorus to the ground and caught fire. Flames were blazing on the luggage pile. Edison quickly took off his clothes and slapped him in the face, shouting desperately, "Put out the fire!" " Everyone came when they heard the sound and put out the fire in time. The conductor flew into a rage, slapped Edison in the face and threw all his experimental supplies out of the car. Edison was deaf in his right hand.
Later, Edison became a night operator. One morning at three or four o'clock, he got off work and returned to his residence with dozens of books bought from second-hand bookstores during the day. The policeman on patrol saw him from a distance, suspected that he was a thief and shouted to him to stop. Unfortunately, he is deaf and can't hear, but he still rushes on. The police thought he was going to escape and shot him in a hurry.
Edison stopped when the whistling bullet flew past his ear. The police caught up with him, and when asked, they realized that he was deaf and had all the old books with him. He gasped and said, "You are very lucky. If I am a good shot, you will lose your life in vain! "
Edison is respected all over the world because of his great contribution to mankind. 1922 selected 12 the first contemporary American David.
Bell is the man who invented the telephone. He was born in England on 1847. When he was young, he and his father taught the deaf together. He wants to make a machine that can make deaf people see sound with their eyes.
1873, Bell, who became a professor at Boston University in the United States, began to study the device of transmitting multiple telegrams on the same line-multi-tasking telegraph, and sprouted the idea of transmitting people's voices to distant places with current, so that people thousands of miles away could talk face to face. So bell began to study the telephone.
That was June 2nd, 1875. Bell and his assistant Watson are experimenting with multiplex telegrams in two rooms respectively. An accidental accident inspired Bell. In Watson's room, there is a spring stuck to the magnet of the telegraph. When Watson pulled it away, it shook.
At the same time, Bell was surprised to find that the spring on the telegraph in his room vibrated and made a sound. It is the current that transmits vibration from one room to another.
Bell's mind suddenly broadened. He thought: If a person speaks to a piece of iron, the sound will cause the iron to vibrate; If an electromagnet is placed behind the iron sheet, the vibration of the iron sheet will inevitably produce large and small currents in the electromagnet coil.
This fluctuating current travels far away along the wire, so won't the same vibration and sound appear on similar equipment in the distance? In this way, the sound travels far away along the wire. Isn't this the dream phone!
Bell and Watson made the telephone according to this new idea. In an experiment, a drop of sulfuric acid splashed on Bell's leg, causing him to shout, "Mr. Watson, I need you, please come to me!" " "This sentence is the phone through the wire to Watson's ear, the phone succeeded! 1On March 7th, 876, Bell became the patentee of telephone invention.
Bell obtained 18 patents in his life and 12 patents in cooperation with others. He envisions burying telephone lines in the ground or hanging them in the air, and connecting them to houses, villages and factories ... so that you can make phone calls directly from anywhere. Today, Bell's vision has become a reality.
Benediktus is a famous French chemist. An accidental opportunity triggered his inspiration and made him research and produce "safety glass".
That was at 1907. One day, Penetos was sorting out instruments in the laboratory and accidentally knocked over a glass bottle. This is the end! However, to his surprise, the bottle did not break into pieces, but there were some cracks. He took out a washed bottle and dropped it gently on the ground.
This time, the glass bottle was smashed to pieces. Why are the two bottles so different? Benny Ditters has a hard time finding the answer.
A few days later, a car accident was cancelled in the newspaper, and flying glass fragments injured passengers, which made Benedetto deeply sad. He couldn't help thinking of the broken bottle and determined to get to the bottom of it.
He found the bottle again and observed it carefully. It turned out to be a bottle with some medicine. After the medicine evaporates, a tough and transparent film is formed on the inner surface of the bottle. It seems that this membrane protects the bottle.
After many experiments, he finally found a suitable coating with strong adhesion and good transparency. Later, he used paint to bond the two layers of glass together, and found that its anti-breaking performance was better. In this way, "safety glass" was finally born.
Fleming, a British bacteriologist, is working on Staphylococcus, a bacterium that can cause diseases. In order to study the living habits and pathogenic mechanism of this pathogen, it is necessary to cultivate and observe it.
At that time, the equipment was relatively simple, and the work was carried out in a hot and humid old house. During the experiment, the Petri dish needed to be opened many times, so the culture in the Petri dish was easily polluted.
On one occasion, Fleming opened the Petri dish to observe the bacteria, and accidentally found that blue-green mold grew on the mouth of the Petri dish, and beside the mold, staphylococcus was melted and clear water droplets appeared. Why can blue-green mold inhibit the growth of bacteria and destroy them?
Fleming firmly grasped this "accidental" discovery, went all out to study this blue-green mold, and finally found the nemesis of staphylococcus-penicillin, and further found that it also had a killing effect on other germs.
1945, Fleming, who discovered penicillin, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine together with English pathologist Flory and German chemist Qian En, who developed penicillin chemicals.