Table tennis
originated in England. At the end of the 19th century, tennis was popular in Europe. However, due to the limitation of venue and weather, some college students in Britain moved tennis indoors, using the dining table as a table, books as a net, parchment as a racket and beating it around the dining table. In 189, several British naval officers stationed in India happened to find it exciting to play tennis on a small table. Later, they replaced solid balls with solid rubber, then hollow plastic balls, and replaced racquets with wooden boards to play this novel "tennis match" on the table, which is the origin of the name Table tennis.
soon after its appearance, Table Tennis became a popular sport. At the beginning of the 2th century, the United States began to produce complete sets of table tennis equipment, which is the number one racket-holding sport in the United States, with more than 2, Americans playing table tennis. At first, Table tennis had other names, such as Indoor tennis. Later, an American manufacturer coined the new word Ping-pang with the sound of ping-pong balls hitting, which became another official name of Table tennis. When it spread to China, people coined the new word Ping-pang.
table tennis singles usually adopt the best of three games or best of five games (21 points per game). In 21, it was changed to the best of seven games or best of five games (11 points per game). The so-called "game" is Set in English, and the service is called Serve.
table tennis is divided into singles and doubles, and the rules of the game are as follows:
1. Rules of the singles game, the choice of serving, receiving and orientation
1. Table tennis serving
1. The right to choose serving, receiving and venue should be decided by choosing the front and back of the coin. The right player can choose to serve or receive the service first, or choose to be on one side first.
2. When one player chooses to serve first, receive first or choose a court, the other player should have another choice.
3. After serving twice, the receiver becomes the server, and so on, until the end of the game, or until the scores of both sides reach 1 points, the service and receiving order remains unchanged, and each person only serves one point in turn.
4. The player who plays in one position in a game should change to another position in the next game. In the singles deciding game, when one side scored 5 points, they should exchange positions.
(2) Handling of errors in the order and orientation of serving and receiving
1. Once the referee finds that the order of serving and receiving is wrong, he should immediately suspend the game and serve or receive the service according to the score on the field according to the order established at the beginning of the game; In doubles, the game is continued in the order established by the party who has the right to serve first in the game when the mistake is found.
2. Once the referee finds that the athletes should exchange positions but not, he should immediately stop the game and correct the positions of the athletes according to the scores on the field in the order established at the beginning of the game before continuing the game. In any case, all the scores before the error is found are valid.
3. When the ball served by the server touches the net, it is called "wiping the net" and the referee should order the server to serve again. Until there is no net wiping, or other service errors < P > (3), and the opponent returns the ball legally, the player of our team must hit the ball, so that the ball directly crosses or bypasses the net device (including the device that touches the net), and then touches the opponent's platform. In all the above cases, it is legal to fight back.
(4) serve again. In the round where no score is awarded, serve again should be awarded:
1. If the ball served by the server touches the net device when crossing or bypassing the net device, it will become a legal serve or be blocked by the receiver or his companions.
2. If the server or his partner is not ready, the ball has been served, and neither the receiver nor his partner attempts to hit the ball.
3. Because of the interference beyond the control of the athletes, such as the lights going out, the athletes fail to legal serve, legally fight back or fail to abide by the rules. (If an athlete collides with his partner or stumbles over the baffle and fails to fight back legally, he cannot be judged to serve again. )
4. The referee or the assistant referee announced the suspension of the game. For example: ① due to the need to correct the wrong order or orientation of serving and receiving; (2) because of the rotation serve method; ③ Because of warning or punishing athletes; (4) The result of the round may be affected due to the interference of the competition environment (for example, an outside ball enters the field or a sudden noise that is enough to surprise the athletes).
2. Score one point
In case of any of the following situations except heavy service in the round, one point shall be scored:
1. Failure to legal serve;
2. Failure to fight back legally;
3, blocking;
4. Hit the ball twice in a row (such as hitting the ball continuously with a clapping thumb and racket);
5. In addition to serving, the ball touches our table again after hitting our table;
6. Hit the ball with an irregular racket face;
7. In doubles, players fail to hit the ball in the correct order except serving or receiving the serve;
8. The referee will award points;
9. Other listed violations.
Third, a game
In a game, the winner is the one who scores 11 points first; After the score is tied at 1, the winner is the one who gets 2 points more first.
iv. One game
1. A game should adopt the best of seven games system or the best of five games system.
2. A game should be played continuously, but between games, any athlete has the right to ask for a rest time of no more than two minutes.
V. Rotation service method
1. If a game is still not over after 15 minutes (unless both sides have scored at least 9 points); Or at any time before this, at the request of athletes from both sides, the rotation service method should be implemented. The timekeeper should open the watch when the first ball of each game enters the game state; Stop the watch when the game is suspended and restart it when the game is resumed. The suspension of the game includes: the ball flies out of the competition area to return to the competition area, wiping sweat, exchanging directions in the deciding game and replacing damaged game equipment. A game has not finished for 15 minutes, and the timekeeper should report "Time is up".
2. When the time comes, the ball is still in the game state, and the referee shall immediately announce the suspension of the game, and the server whose round has been suspended will serve to continue the game. When the time comes, the ball is not in the game state, and the receiver of the previous round should serve and continue the game.
3. When the above situation occurs, the counter should report the number of hits after each hit by the receiver. When using the rotation service method, the counter should report the number in English or in any other language acceptable to both athletes and referees.
4. After that, each player will serve one point in turn until the end of the game. If the receiver makes thirteen legal counterattacks, the server will be awarded one point.
5. Once the rotation serve method is implemented, the rest of the game must be continued until the end of the game.
In addition, draw up the rules about doubles in the table tennis competition rules for reference. ?
1. serve?
In doubles, the ball should touch the right half of the server and the receiver. If the referee has doubts about the legality of an athlete's serve, he will award a heavy serve and warn the server when he first appears in a game. After that, the referee once again doubts the co-occurrence of the service of the player or his doubles partner, and will award the receiver a point. ?
2. What is the competition order?
In doubles, the server serves first, then the receiver returns, then the server's partner returns, and then the receiver's partner returns. After that, the athletes take turns to return. ?
3. Scoring?
except for the round where the serve is judged to be re-served, the athlete will score 1 point in the following cases:?
In doubles, the opposing players hit the ball in the wrong order. In a game, the winner is the one who scores 11 points first. After 1 draws, the winner is the one who scores 2 points first. ?
4. What is the order of serving, receiving and bearing?
After scoring every 2 points, the receiver becomes the server, and so on until the game ends; Or until the scores of both sides reach 1 points or the rotation service method is implemented. At this time, the order of serving and receiving is unchanged, but each person only serves one point in turn. ?
5. Determining the server In the first game of doubles, the server first determines the first server, and then the receiver determines the first receiver. In the following games, after the first starter is determined, the first receiver should be the player who served him in the previous game. In doubles, every time the service is changed, the front server should become the server, and the partner of the front server should become the receiver. The player who serves first in a game should receive the service first in the next game. ?
6. Changes in the position of the deciding game In the doubles deciding game, when one player scores 5 points first, the receiver should exchange the order of receiving the service. In a game, one side of the game in one direction should change to another direction in the next game. In the deciding game, when one side scores 5 points first, the two sides should exchange?
orientation. (In doubles, if the score is 5: 1 or 5: 3, the starter will become the receiver and the receiver will become the starter after exchanging sides. ）?
7. What is the wrong order and orientation of serving and receiving?
once the referee finds that the order of serving and receiving is wrong, he should immediately suspend the match and serve or receive the service by the player who should serve or receive the service according to the order established at the beginning of the game. In doubles, it is corrected according to the order established by the party who has the right to serve first in that game when the mistake is found, and the game continues. Once the referee finds that the players should exchange positions but not exchange positions, he should immediately suspend the game and correct it according to the order established at the beginning of the game and the correct position where the players should stand according to the score on the field before continuing the game. ?
in any case, all the scores before the error is found are valid.