Although adding various anti-coccidial drugs to feed can prevent and control coccidiosis, it often induces drug resistance of coccidia, and the development of drug resistance is the biggest obstacle to chemical drug treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine can improve the immunity of chickens and eliminate symptoms such as diarrhea and bloody stools caused by chickens infected with coccidiosis. It not only prevents and controls coccidiosis, but also fundamentally improves the disease resistance of chickens. The combination of Chinese and Western medicine can also reduce the risk of coccidiosis in chickens. usage, thereby generating greater economic benefits. However, the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine is slow. When the condition is serious, it is often necessary to use a combination of Chinese and Western medicine to control chicken coccidiosis. 1 Single medicine? 1.1 Changshan The main active ingredient of Changshan against coccidia is Changshanone. Sun Yudong's research found that 5 mg/kg of Changshan ketone has a significant effect on chickens naturally infected with coccidiosis and chickens artificially infected with Eimeria tenella; Liu Qirong fed the chickens with a single-flavored Changshan decoction mixture, using 3 Days later, the bloody stools basically disappeared and the coccidiosis was under control. Research by Shi Wanyu (2003) showed that using artificial infection methods, 12 traditional Chinese medicine compounds composed of more than 10 Chinese herbal medicines such as Changshan, Bupleurum, Artemisia annua, Pulsatilla, Sanguisorba, and Astragalus according to different compositions and proportions were used to treat chicken tenderness. In terms of the effect of Eimeria, 6 of them had an excess of 100%, but the anti-coccidiosis index nearly doubled. ? 1.2 Artemisia annua Artemisia annua is the whole plant of the Asteraceae plant Artemisia annua. It is bitter and cold in nature. In recent years, it has been used to prevent and control chicken coccidiosis and has achieved good results. Zhu Yinsheng et al. mixed Artemisia annua alcohol extract into drinking water and allowed chickens to drink it freely. Chickens from 7 days to 40 days old took it every 3 days, with one day off. From 41 days to 60 days old, chickens took Artemisia annua every 3 days. After stopping for 2 days, the drug was dosed at 10 g/kg daily. The results were significant compared with the untreated control group (Shi Fusheng, 1995). ? 1.3 Bupleurum Bupleuri and its main component saikosaponin have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects, and can inhibit the increase in vascular permeability caused by histamine or serotonin. Therefore, it is inferred that Bupleurum may have a certain inhibitory effect on the development of coccidia, and can effectively eliminate or alleviate the inflammatory changes caused by coccidia infection in chickens, thereby exerting a good anti-coccidial effect. ? 2 Compound formula Liao Shipeng et al. (1992) used Changshan, Bupleurum, Sophora flavescens, Artemisia annua, Sanguisorba charcoal, and White hair root to make 25 medicinal liquids. Add 4 000 ml decoction to every 15 kg of feed and stir evenly. Apply continuously for 8 For days, the cure rate for chickens diagnosed with coccidiosis infection was 93.52; with 0.5% mixing material for prevention, no occurrence of the disease occurred. Sun Yiling (1992) crushed Artemisia annua, Changshan, Sanguisorba, white peony root, Yinchen, Phellodendron, etc. and added them in a ratio of 1.5, mix thoroughly and allow them to eat freely; and under the same conditions, add 1 coccidian. In comparison, its morbidity and mortality rates are lower than those of coccidiolin. Huang Jiayu et al. (1999) used goldenrod, agrimony, and purslane, decoction in water, and used this method to treat 1,850 broiler chickens suffering from chicken coccidiosis. They used this method for 4 days. Except for 48 dead chickens, the rest were cured. . Li Qixin (1991) boiled Pulsatilla, Sophora flavescens and Coptis in water and drank it. This method was used on seriously ill chickens for one week. During the treatment period, only 5 chickens died, and no sick chickens were found in the whole flock. Wang Siqing (1998) used "Tongbian Pulsatilla Decoction" (Pulsatilla, Qinpi, white peony root, raw Sanguisorba, Sophora flavescens, Panax notoginseng, Baiji, gallbladder, stir-fried Platycladus orientalis leaves, raw licorice) in separate pots and let the chickens drink it freely. (If the disease course is long, astragalus, yam, angelica and other medicines can be added to replenish qi and blood). This method was used to treat 400 sick chickens, and only 14 died. In addition, the above method was halved to prevent 400 chickens, and was used for 4 days. , no more coccidiosis occurred when the pigs were put out for slaughter at 50 days of age. ?Wang Xin et al. (2000) mixed the purified balls composed of 10 traditional Chinese medicines such as Changshan, Brucea javanica, and Sophora flavescens into the feed. They used the medicine continuously for a week and found that adding 1 and 1.5 had good anti-coccidiosis effect; using purified balls The sporulation rate of chicken Eimeria tenella oocysts soaked in powder decoction is about 65, and the inhibitory effect is obvious. Among them, astragalus (containing biologically active polysaccharides, which can protect and promote the development of immune organs), Pulsatilla, Forsythia, Shenqu, etc., can clear away heat and reduce fire, detoxify and reduce swelling, harmonize the liver and spleen, and replenish qi.
The results prove that the combination of strengthening and tonic Chinese medicine and heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese medicine can produce two-way regulation, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening the body and dispelling evil, and can stimulate the body's own antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities, and also have a certain preventive effect on viral infections. Hu Gongzheng (2000) used Baiqiuke Granules, a water-soluble granule mainly composed of Changshan, Agrimony, Sophora flavescens, etc., made through extraction, refining, granulation, drying and other processes, and mixed it at 2 to 4 g/L Drinking water has achieved good results in treating coccidiosis in chickens. The first traditional Chinese medicine prescription selected by Li Yunyu (2001) mainly consists of 10 traditional Chinese medicines including Pulsatilla, Sophora flavescens, Sanguisorba, Black Plum, Phellodendron, Astragalus, and Licorice. Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription 2: Mainly composed of 10 traditional Chinese medicines including Changshan, Qinghao, Bupleurum, Astragalus, Licorice, Angelicae, and Rehmannia glutinosa. The survival rate of the chicks in the group of traditional Chinese medicine was 100, and it had the effects of promoting weight gain, reducing oocyst discharge and reducing intestinal lesions. The anti-coccidial index was 183.94, which was significantly higher than the second group of traditional Chinese medicine and the salinomycin group. Ma Haili et al. (2001) based on the principle of treating the root cause, treating the symptoms, strengthening the body and dispelling evils, they designed Artemisia annua and Junzi, which are insecticides and anthelmintics, as the main drugs, and rhubarb, which is used to relieve diarrhea, promote the excretion of coccidia, clear away heat and detoxify, as auxiliary drugs. , a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis is composed of Sanguisorba and Angelica sinensis, which are used to cool blood and stop bleeding, nourish and harmonize blood, and astringe and detoxify. This formula has an anti-coccidial index of 188.3 in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in broilers, reaching a highly efficient level. ? Qinqioling is a traditional Chinese medicine compound prepared by Shi Wanyu (2003) for many times. It consists of four Chinese herbal medicines: Changshan, Bupleurum, Diyu, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum. When avianin is used to treat sick chickens infected with Eimeria tenella that have shown clinical symptoms, the effect is poor. Even if the dosage is increased to 50 g/kg, the anti-coccidial index is still only 90.48. Therefore, it is not suitable to be used as a treatment for chicken coccidiosis, but good results can be achieved if it is used as a feed additive to prevent chicken coccidiosis, which is mainly Eimeria tenella. ? In addition, there is Sihuangqiuli Powder: made of 100g Phellodendron cypress, 100g Huanglian, 240g Scutellaria baicalensis, 80g rhubarb and 120g licorice, 4g per chicken, twice a day, mixed in the feed surrender (Xie Lin, 2001). There are also trials abroad of using Chinese herbal extracts against coccidiosis. Several Chinese herbal extracts including Sophora flavescens, Pulsatilla, and Bupleurum were used to test against coccidiosis. The results obtained were: extracts from Sophora flavescens and Sophora flavescens. The survival rate of chickens treated with chemical substances was the highest. The chickens treated with extracts of Ulmus macrocarpa and Pulsatilla chinensis had milder lesions. The chickens treated with extracts of Junzi increased significantly. The chickens treated with extracts of Sophora japonica and Sophora flavescens It is ideal to treat chickens with blood in their stools. ? 3 Combination of Chinese and Western medicines Wu Shihua (1995) and others used Western medicines such as amproline, gram powder, chlorpheniramine, anticoccidia and other chemical anti-coccidiostats, supplemented by traditional Chinese medicine (from Changshan, Forsythia, Bupleurum, Gypsum). It can relieve pain and spasm, cool blood and stop dysentery, promote yang and relieve depression, strengthen the spleen and stomach), and the cure rate can reach more than 90%. Nie Kui et al. (2000) used betaine and three groups of drugs that were compatible with Guanan, Jiafu and Gujia respectively and mixed them into the feed to treat chickens artificially infected with Eimeria tenella. The results showed that betaine plus polyethers were effective in antimicrobial therapy. The average weight gain and ACI value of the insecticide group were higher than those of the single medication group; especially in the betaine plus Jiafu group, the synergy was particularly significant. Xie Lin (2001) also proposed that Changshan sulfonamides can be used to treat coccidiosis, that is, 15 g each of Changshan, Bupleurum, Atractylodes, and Poria, 15 g of tangerine peel, 1.5 g of SM2, and 0.4 g of DVD, made into powder, and used as 1 feed Just feed at the right concentration. Xiong Mangen (2001) used Bupleurum, Changshan, Artemisia annua, Agrimony, Sophora flavescens, Sanguisorba, Rehmannia glutinosa, and Plantain to cook the concoction for chickens to drink by themselves. The medicinal residue was mixed into the feed and fed to the chickens. At the same time, sulfonamides were administered to the chickens. Drug treatment has played a better role. It is believed that the characteristics of combined treatment with traditional Chinese and western medicine are to treat the symptoms first and then the root cause or both. Western medicine is used urgently to control the death of chickens, and traditional Chinese medicine is used slowly to treat the root cause. Traditional Chinese medicine is not easy to develop drug resistance and relapse.