First, science and technology are important factors and forces to promote the development of modern productive forces.
Marx clearly pointed out that the development of machine production needs the conscious application of natural science, "productivity also includes science" and "labor productivity develops with the continuous progress of science and technology." This assertion of Marx has been confirmed by the continuous development of social practice. The basic elements of productivity are means of production, objects of labor and laborers. The means of production are combined with certain science and technology; Workers also have certain scientific and technological knowledge. The rapid development of modern science and technology has rapidly transformed into real productive forces, which has changed the workers, labor tools, labor objects and management level in productive forces. Workers' mastery of science and technology has greatly improved people's ability to understand, transform and protect nature, and improved their productive labor ability. In the productivity system, science and technology have become the key and leading factor to promote the development of productivity.
Second, science and technology are the first factor in the development of modern productive forces and economic growth.
In the past, the development of productive forces and economic growth mainly depended on the input of labor, capital and natural resources. In modern society, with the advent of the era of knowledge economy, science, technology and intellectual resources have increasingly become decisive factors in the development of productive forces and economic growth, which mainly depend on the power of science and technology. This is especially true from the practice of economic development in developed countries.
Third, the advanced nature of modern science and technology plays a leading role in the development of productive forces.
/kloc-the second technological revolution at the end of 0/9 was a turning point in the relationship between science and technology and production. Prior to this, the relationship between production and science and technology was mainly manifested in that the development of production promoted technological progress, which in turn promoted the development of science. For example, the technological revolution of steam engine is mainly developed from the craftsman tradition, exploring technological inventions on the basis of accumulating production experience, and then summarizing thermodynamic theory. Since the second technological revolution marked by the electric power technology revolution, the situation that production promotes the development of science and technology has changed. Now, science promotes technological progress, which in turn promotes the development of production. Science and technology are more and more ahead of social production, opening up new fields of production development and guiding the development direction of productive forces. For example, the establishment of electromagnetic theory mainly explores electromagnetic theory through scientific experiments, which promotes the revolution of electric power technology and eventually leads to the wide application of electric power in production. * * * When summing up the development trend of science and technology, he profoundly pointed out: "Modern science has opened the way for the progress of production technology and determined its development direction. Many new production tools and new processes were first created in scientific laboratories. " "A large number of historical facts prove that once theoretical research has achieved great reality, it will bring great progress to production and technology sooner or later."
How to discuss that science and technology are the primary productive forces?
First, the reason why science and technology are the primary productive forces lies in the rapid integration of science and technology and production. Science has become the dynamic basis of modern social production and the most important factor in social production. All aspects of modern social production are condensed with the latest achievements of modern science and technology. As * * * said, modern science paves the way for the progress of production technology and determines the development direction.
Second, science and technology are playing an increasingly important role in economic and social development. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, the effect of scientific and technological factors on labor productivity and economic growth was only 5%~20%. In the late 20th century, in some developed countries, the proportion of scientific and technological factors has exceeded half, reaching 60% ~ 80%. It can be seen that the rapid economic and social development, "the most important thing is to rely on the power of science and technology."
Third, science and technology is an important factor to measure a country's comprehensive national strength. At present, high-tech competition is the most extensive and profound competition in the world, which directly affects the success or failure of a country's participation in international political, economic and military competition. * * * once pointed out with great foresight that China must develop its own high technology and occupy a place in the world's high-tech field. Without high technology, China cannot be called one of the major influential countries.
The viewpoint that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" not only enriches and develops Marxist theory of productive forces, but also promotes the vigorous development of science and technology in China.
When did science and technology become the primary productive force?
* * * put forward the theory that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" 1978 03 18. In March, the National Science Conference was held in Beijing. * * * pointed out in his speech that the vast majority of mental workers are already part of the proletariat, and the key to the four modernizations is the modernization of science and technology, and put forward the conclusion that "science and technology are productive forces". In 1988, * * further put forward the viewpoint that "science and technology are the primary productive forces". This scientific conclusion profoundly reveals the position and role of science and technology in social and economic development, and enriches and develops Marx's productivity theory. This assertion not only triggered and guided the scientific and technological reform and development in China, but also ignited the flame of the new scientific and technological revolution in China, which pointed out the direction for China's socialist modernization. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have successively formulated a series of strategic decisions and policies to promote the development of science and technology. At the same time, the state has formulated a series of scientific and technological development plans. The practice of scientific and technological reform and development has brought exciting changes to China society and made remarkable achievements.
Technology is an example of the primary productive force, which is really annoying.
1988 Comrade Xiaoping put forward the scientific conclusion that science and technology are the primary productive forces. Science and technology is the connotation of the primary productive force. First of all, modern science and technology is the first factor of economic development and productivity growth. Second, modern science and technology should be transformed into real productive forces, so that science and technology and production are conducive to integration and play a leading role; Third, science and technology are the main driving force among the elements of productivity; Fourth, the role of intellectuals who have mastered modern science and technology has been continuously enhanced and become the first human resource for the development of productive forces.
The significance of the scientific conclusion that science and technology are the primary productive forces is put forward. The second is a brand-new summary of the laws and trends of social and economic development in the contemporary world; Third, it is a profound summary of China's reform, opening up and modernization.
In the development of human social productive forces, the substitution of advanced productive forces for backward productive forces is caused by the progress or breakthrough of science and technology. Since modern times, science and technology have played a more important role in promoting the development of productive forces and experienced three major historical breakthroughs:
The first time was the scientific and technological revolution that began in the 1960s in Britain from 65438 to 2008. This scientific and technological revolution led to the industrial revolution represented by steam engines and automatic textile machines, and began the transformation from workshop handicraft industry to machine mass production, which greatly improved social productivity. Since then, the world has turned a new page. Production becomes the production of the world, market becomes the market of the world, and history becomes the history of the world.
The second time was the scientific and technological revolution in the 1970s starting from 19. The wide application of electric power, the wide use of electric motors and the rapid development of telecommunications have combined industrialization with electrification, greatly liberated productive forces and promoted the development of capitalist economy.
The third time is the new scientific and technological revolution that began after the Second World War. The breakthrough development of atomic energy technology, computer technology and space technology has promoted the unprecedented progress of social productive forces. Therefore, which country has seized the historical opportunity provided by the scientific and technological revolution, which country's productivity has achieved great development; Any country that misses the development opportunity provided by the scientific and technological revolution will greatly lag behind the trend of the times. Therefore, science and technology have always been the concentrated expression and main symbol of advanced productive forces. In today's world, scientific and technological progress is changing with each passing day. Science and technology represented by information technology and life science technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, knowledge economy is rising rapidly, and the competition of comprehensive national strength with knowledge innovation, technological innovation, talents and high-tech industries as the core is becoming increasingly fierce. These major and profound changes have greatly promoted the development of world productive forces and human society and economy.
In the document of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee, our party put forward that reform, opening up and scientific and technological progress should be the "driving force" for liberating and developing productive forces. The party and the state attach great importance to scientific and technological work, have formulated the development strategy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education" and are building a national innovation system. In his July 1st speech, General Secretary Jiang also asked us to keep a keen grasp of the future development trend of science and technology, always pay attention to closely combining the superiority of China's socialist system with the mastery, application and development of advanced science and technology, vigorously promote scientific and technological progress and innovation, constantly transform traditional industries with advanced science and technology, promote the development of high-tech industries, realize the structural adjustment of the national economy and enhance competitiveness, and strive to achieve a leap in the development of China's productive forces. In accordance with the requirements of General Secretary Jiang and the CPC Central Committee, we are striving to promote the integration of science and technology with economy and Industry-University-Research, so that science and technology can play a greater role in China's economic development.
Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and the competition between countries will be more of the competition of scientific and technological forces. In the final analysis, it is like this.
Answer b
The important role of talents in international competition.
In the future international competition, the competition for talents will become the focus of competition among countries. The strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education is essentially a strategy of rejuvenating the country through talents. The key to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation lies in talents. Only by gaining an advantage in talent competition can we occupy a favorable position in the fierce international competition.
When was science and technology the primary productive force put forward?
Science and technology are the primary productive forces,1put forward on September 5, 988.
1September 5, 988, when meeting with Czechoslovakia President Hu Sake, * * * said: "Marx said that science and technology are productive forces, and it has been proved that this statement is correct. In my opinion, science and technology are the primary productive forces. " This exposition of * * * brilliantly expounds that science and technology are the first driving force of economic development, and inherits and develops Marxist productivity theory.
Social productive forces are people's ability to transform nature. Natural science, as the ability of human beings to understand and transform nature, must be incorporated into social productive forces. Once science and technology permeate and act on the production process, it becomes a realistic and direct productive force. The characteristics and present situation of the development of modern science and technology tell us that science and technology, especially high technology, are infiltrating and integrating into all elements of productive forces at an increasing speed.
The rapid development of science and technology has greatly promoted the development of world productive forces and human economy and society. At present, information technology based on microelectronics and computer, network and communication technology has penetrated into all fields of economy. The development of information technology has brought qualitative changes to the economic life style of human beings. The future development of science and technology will also produce a new major leap. Science and technology are the primary productive forces and represent the development requirements of advanced productive forces, so we should attach importance to scientific and technological innovation, the cultivation of scientific and technological talents and the development of scientific and technological undertakings. Every step forward in modern science and technology will cause profound changes in social productive forces. Especially since this century, epoch-making scientific achievements such as quantum mechanics and relativity have given birth to the third new technological revolution. The rapid development of modern science and high technology with information technology and life science as the core has revolutionized the development of world productive forces. The emerging knowledge economy has opened up a vast space for the development of social productive forces and the progress of human civilization, and has had a far-reaching and tremendous impact.
How to understand that science and technology are the primary productive forces
First, science and technology are important factors and forces to promote the development of modern productive forces. Marx clearly pointed out that the development of machine production needs the conscious application of natural science, "productivity also includes science" and "labor productivity develops with the continuous progress of science and technology." This assertion of Marx has been confirmed by the continuous development of social practice. The basic elements of productivity are means of production, objects of labor and laborers. The means of production are combined with certain science and technology; Workers also have certain scientific and technological knowledge. The rapid development of modern science and technology has rapidly transformed into real productive forces, which has changed the workers, labor tools, labor objects and management level in productive forces. Workers' mastery of science and technology has greatly improved people's ability to understand, transform and protect nature, and improved their productive labor ability. In the productivity system, science and technology have become the key and leading factor to promote the development of productivity. Second, science and technology are the first factor in the development of modern productive forces and economic growth. In the past, the development of productive forces and economic growth mainly depended on the input of labor, capital and natural resources. In modern society, with the advent of the era of knowledge economy, science, technology and intellectual resources have increasingly become decisive factors in the development of productive forces and economic growth, which mainly depend on the power of science and technology. This is especially true from the practice of economic development in developed countries. Third, the advanced nature of modern science and technology plays a leading role in the development of productive forces. /kloc-the second technological revolution at the end of 0/9 was a turning point in the relationship between science and technology and production. Prior to this, the relationship between production and science and technology was mainly manifested in that the development of production promoted technological progress, which in turn promoted the development of science. For example, the technological revolution of steam engine is mainly developed from the craftsman tradition, exploring technological inventions on the basis of accumulating production experience, and then summarizing thermodynamic theory. Since the second technological revolution marked by the electric power technology revolution, the situation that production promotes the development of science and technology has changed. Now, science promotes technological progress, which in turn promotes the development of production. Science and technology are more and more ahead of social production, opening up new fields of production development and guiding the development direction of productive forces. For example, the establishment of electromagnetic theory mainly explores electromagnetic theory through scientific experiments, which promotes the revolution of electric power technology and eventually leads to the wide application of electric power in production. * * * When summing up the development trend of science and technology, he profoundly pointed out: "Modern science has opened the way for the progress of production technology and determined its development direction. Many new production tools and new processes were first created in scientific laboratories. " "A large number of historical facts prove that once theoretical research has achieved great reality, it will bring great progress to production and technology sooner or later." Under the new situation, fully understanding the assertion that science and technology are the primary productive forces actually indicates the arrival of the era of knowledge economy. The important exposition that "science and technology are the primary productive forces, but also the concentrated expression and main symbol of advanced productive forces" profoundly reveals the position and role of science and technology in economic and social development, and raising science and technology to the height of "advanced productive forces" is the key for our party to consciously represent the development requirements of advanced social productive forces. Since the Second World Congress, the rapid development of science and technology, its scale, wide influence and far-reaching influence are unprecedented in history. The development of contemporary science and technology has three characteristics: first, the accelerated development and rapid changes of science and technology. In the past 30 years, mankind has made more scientific and technological achievements, that is, the number of new scientific discoveries and technological inventions, than the sum of the past two thousand years. It is estimated that by the end of 1980, 90% of the scientific knowledge acquired by human society was acquired more than 30 years after the Second World War. By 2000, the knowledge gained by human society has doubled. 90% of the knowledge in modern physics was acquired after 1950. At present, 6000-8000 scientific papers are published every day all over the world. The number of scientific papers published doubles every year and a half. According to rough statistics, human scientific and technological knowledge doubled every 50 years in the19th century, doubled every10th year in the middle of the 20th century, and now doubled every three to five years. At present, the number of patents approved every year in the world reaches 6.5438+200,000. Now the updating speed of scientific and technological knowledge is also accelerating. Semi-decline of engineers' knowledge ......
Who else in history has said that "technology is the primary productive force"
Comrade * *
1978, 18 In March, at the National Science Conference, * * * made an opening speech, pointing out that the key to the four modernizations is the modernization of science and technology, and we should vigorously develop science and technology education in China. He emphatically expounded the Marxist viewpoint that science and technology are productive forces. 1on March 7, 985, he further affirmed the statement that "science and technology are productive forces" at the national scientific and technological work conference. 1September, 988, he said: "Marx said that science and technology are productive forces, and it has been proved that this statement is correct. In my opinion, science and technology are the primary productive forces. " 1in the spring of 992, when he inspected the south, he said, "To develop the economy faster, we must rely on science, technology and education. I said that science and technology are the primary productive forces. " "Science and technology are the primary productive forces" is a scientific conclusion from the perspective of historical materialism epistemology and the development of science and technology in the contemporary world.
What is the significance of science and technology as the primary productive force to us?
I just answered this question two days ago.
It's also hard to find.
Maybe this answer is not necessarily accurate.
But it can be used as a reference
The development of science is mainly driven by scientific and technological progress, so the reasons are as follows:
First of all, science and technology will promote human development. After all, even the most advanced machines are invented and created by human beings, and they must be used by people. Those who are facilitated by the production of tools will be eliminated by society if they give up their labor instinct because they rely on machines, but this does not mean that the development of science and technology will hinder people's progress, because everything has two sides, so does technology, which is a double-edged sword. How to use it depends on ourselves. We can't deny the progress that science and technology have brought to mankind because of personal factors, because people are always the most intelligent creatures, and computers also have excellent performance in some aspects.
Second, science and technology are the primary productive forces. Without the progress of science and technology, there would be no high development of human material civilization and spiritual civilization today. The key to scientific and technological progress lies in innovation. Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress and an inexhaustible motive force for a country's development. Without scientific and technological progress, there will be no prosperity and stability of the motherland, and scientific and technological progress will greatly promote the development of mankind.
Third, the development of science and technology will promote people's all-round development. Because the development of science and technology creates development conditions for the all-round development of human beings, people can constantly improve themselves under the premise of scientific and technological development, so as to get all-round development. Therefore, the development of science and technology will promote people's all-round development.
Whether a question is right or wrong, good or bad, depends on its mainstream. For example, drugs can cure diseases and sometimes save lives, but they may also have side effects. Can you say it's not good? Even the best things will inevitably have side effects, so the development of science and technology will eventually promote the all-round progress of mankind.
Fourth, whether the development of science and technology promotes the all-round development of people should be measured as follows: first, whether the average life expectancy of people is prolonged; Second, whether people's way of thinking is progressing; Third, whether people's comprehensive physical quality and intelligence are developing; Fourth, whether human beings have mastered the development level of nature.
Science and technology will promote human development. After all, even the most advanced machines are invented and created by human beings, and they must be used by people. Those who are facilitated by the production of tools will be eliminated by society if they give up their labor instinct because they rely on machines, but this does not mean that the development of science and technology will hinder people's progress, because everything has two sides, so does technology, which is a double-edged sword. How to use it depends on ourselves. We can't deny the progress that science and technology have brought to mankind because of personal factors, because people are always the most intelligent creatures, and computers also have excellent performance in some aspects.
Science and technology are the primary productive forces. Without the progress of science and technology, there would be no high development of human material civilization and spiritual civilization today. The key to scientific and technological progress lies in innovation. Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress and an inexhaustible motive force for a country's development. Without scientific and technological progress, there will be no prosperity and stability of the motherland, and scientific and technological progress will greatly promote the development of mankind.
The development of science and technology will promote people's all-round development. Because the development of science and technology creates development conditions for the all-round development of human beings, people can constantly improve themselves under the premise of scientific and technological development, so as to get all-round development. Therefore, the development of science and technology will promote people's all-round development.
In addition, from another perspective, a university teacher once asked students such a question: "What will life be like if we leave' science' and everything it brings?" The students looked at each other. Finally, the answer given by everyone is: incredible.
Yes, science is too important for people's lives. Not only the TV sets, computers, cars and mobile phones that accompany us day and night are closely related to science, that is, the food we eat, the water we drink, the clothes we wear and the electricity we use, but also the instruments and medicines used to see and treat diseases. What has nothing to do with science? If we want to live, we can't leave science for a moment.
People can't live without science, and development can't live without science. Without the word "science", we can't move forward well and quickly.
Our understanding of the law of development has a deepening process. Since the reform and opening up, we have vigorously promoted the rapid economic development, which has brought about significant changes in urban and rural areas and improved people's living standards. However, on the road of rapid development, due to the constraints of population, resources and environment, ......