The ban on Huawei is not accidental, because what the United States wants is the monopoly advantage of chips, so as to master the leading position of technology for a long time! From chip design to manufacturing, we all have absolute core technologies. The emergence of Huawei completely broke Qualcomm's monopoly on the market, which is "fair competition" that they are not allowed.
... but the result will only make China self-sufficient.
Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, said this in an interview when talking about the sanctions ban on Huawei.
One of the most important things in core-making, silicon wafer, the basic material of semiconductor, is a wafer cut from a silicon crystal column with a diamond blade. The larger the size, the more difficult it is to produce. Although the domestic demand is huge, it has long relied on imports, and large-scale technology is monopolized by Japanese companies. At present, the domestic technology is mastered by small-scale mass production, and the self-production rate of large-scale 8-inch and 12-inch is still very low.
New progress: Shanghai newly upgraded 12 inch silicon wafer technology and passed SMIC verification. Although the production capacity is low, it is the rise of domestic silicon wafer manufacturers!
What is even more difficult is the lithography process, which is where Huawei stumbles! The latest nano-EUV lithography technology is ready to enter the 3 nm process, but SMIC has made slow progress in introducing EUV mask aligners. Although the breakthrough reaches N+ 1, the process power consumption can be close to 7nm, but the performance can't be achieved, and it can't be mass-produced at 7nm, let alone excavated at 5nm ... TSMC and SMIC are also limited by American technology, and ASML is the only one in high-end mask aligner ... So when it opens at 7nm, it should also be commercialized at 3nm, and Huawei Kirin is probably forced to do so.
"Sticking your neck" is the "encouragement" that forces you to work hard!
Domestic core is catching up with the international footsteps, and at the same time it is moving towards a breakthrough in exploring new directions! -Graphene technology can be said to have started at the same time in the world. Silicon wafer will eventually reach its physical limit under more and more sophisticated technology. It is understood that its extreme point is 1nm, even if it can be produced, the yield problem should be considered! The carbon-based wafer of graphene is known as the substitute of the next chip material-the domestic 8-inch graphene wafer has been produced in small batches!
Graphene is called the thinnest of countless nanomaterials, up to 0.335 nm! How thin is it? One in two hundred thousand of a hair is unbelievable. Thin enough for humans to find out. Now that you have found it, you have to use it!
How to use graphene as a chip? Can it reach the level of silicon chip, because Kirin 9000 has 65.438+053 billion transistors!
It is reported that the performance of chips made of graphene carbon-based wafers will be more than 10 times that of silicon-based chips, and more importantly, the power consumption will be lower-improving the performance while reducing the calorific value is the ultimate pursuit of mobile phones ...
It is speculated that the 28nm carbon-based chip can reach the level of 7nm silicon-based chip, which brings the two generations of processes closer, while the domestic mature process can reach14 nm ... that is, it can reach the level of 5nm without using extreme ultraviolet lithography machine, and the manufacturing consumption will be greatly reduced!
Graphene materials are so amazing. It is reported that its electrical conductivity is 65,438+000 times stronger than that of silicon, and its thermal conductivity is 65,438+00 times higher than that of copper ... These are enough to show that it is a very potential semiconductor material, but why has it not been popularized so far? Because: expensive! -It is reported that its price is as high as 5,000 yuan/gram!
However, price is definitely not an obstacle to progress. The key is technology. At present, there are many impurities in graphene purification, which can't be mass-produced like silicon crystal columns. However, the successful trial production of domestic 8-inch graphene wafer also represents a successful breakthrough, which is enough to become an advanced signboard of domestic technology!
According to statistics, domestic R&D has 3752 1 patents, accounting for 67% of the world, ranking first in the world!
The exploration of new fields, from passive to active. If you master a core technology, you can gain the right to speak in a field. Having technological advantages can invalidate the so-called ban. Only by strengthening the self-research ability can we no longer be led by the nose-since we can't get the technology that others have developed to the extreme, then explore new technologies to the extreme!