/kloc-in the 7th century, Newton founded Newtonian mechanics on the basis of summarizing the scientific achievements of predecessors, and successfully built the whole physics building. But at the beginning of the 20th century, we encountered insurmountable difficulties in explaining the high-speed motion of objects, especially the speed of light. At this time, Einstein, an employee working in the Patent Office, boldly put forward the assumption that the speed of light is constant in any inertial system, founded the theory of relativity, discovered the relativistic effect of the change of time and space and mass in the process of motion, and pushed the development of physics to a new height. Become a great scientist recognized by the world.
However, because the theory of relativity is based on the assumption that the speed of light is constant, the relativity effect of moving objects is deduced from the relationship between time and space, but the real reason for the constant speed of light is not explained. This theory from "relationship" to "thing" hides serious defects. People have a heated debate about this "constant speed of light" and "Lorentz transformation". At the same time, Einstein's view that he only recognized the reality of energy and denied the reality of material quality when explaining the relationship between quality and energy was once sharply criticized by materialist philosophers, who dismissed relativity as idealistic "energy theory" and "relativism". However, because the experiment of constant light speed is a hypothesis that cannot be verified by experiments, it is impossible for people to overthrow this hypothesis by experimental means. Moreover, the relativistic effect introduced by the theory of relativity has been confirmed by successive experimental observations (although the interpretation of these experimental results is still quite controversial). So the theory of relativity seems to give people the impression of great success in science. Some materialist philosophers began to change their opposition to the theory of relativity and adopt a pragmatic attitude: "Since we can't refute the theory of relativity, we should put it into our own framework", which in turn enriched the time-space view and material view of dialectical materialism. It avoids Einstein's important philosophical premise of denying the primacy of matter.
With the development of science and technology, the inherent deficiency of relativity will be gradually exposed. Although the theory of relativity successfully explains the phenomenon of high-speed motion of some objects, the relativistic effect relationship derived from it is a divergence function, but it is always wrong when applied to physical experiments. For example, when determining the energy of high-speed moving particles, there will always be difficulties in energy divergence. Although the crisis was avoided by redefining static mass and renormalization in the future, this compensation in mathematical form only covered up the superficial contradiction, and the real contradiction in physical experiments was not solved. It can be said that a series of problems and difficulties related to relativity in physics at present mostly come from this relationship. According to the evaluation of relevant literature, more than 90% of the basic problems in all observation experiments and theoretical research are related to relativity. For example:
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) theory predicts that quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with high temperature and high density will be generated in extremely relativistic nuclear collisions, and many countries have invested huge sums of money in experimental exploration. Recently, it has been found that "there are still many uncertain factors" in theoretical and experimental research. Whether QGP exists is still a question.
The difficulty in the relativistic heavy ion collision experiment finally boils down to: "Did Lorentz contraction occur in the collision?" "How to test?"
In 1970s, "inertial confinement" was put forward, and micro-thermonuclear fusion was initiated by intense laser. In the past 20 years, the recent experimental results show that the neutron output of the existing optimal device is far below the theoretical estimation. The question is actually: What form should the relativistic fluid dynamics equation take when entropy is not conserved?
The superconducting super collider is intended to "simulate BIGBANG's space-time and material state" and "verify" the cosmic explosion theory derived from the theory of relativity. The mystery of spending tens of billions of guesses is still inseparable from relativity.
Until now, the contradiction between quantum mechanics and relativity cannot be unified.
At present, the development of the basic theory of physics has met with difficulties. The worldwide academic conferences on physics held after 1990s all talked about the dilemma of physics. Some scientists with philosophical vision have begun to doubt whether there are serious problems in the whole basic theory of physics. It has been concluded that the "two dark clouds" hanging over physics at the beginning of the 20th century have not disappeared, but have increased a lot now. People began to reflect, from the worship of relativity to the suspicion of relativity: is there something wrong with relativity that leads physics astray?
No wonder 1995, at the World Congress of Applied Physics held in Pittsburgh, the hot topic of more than 5,000 participants was not any new discovery or invention, but "Is physics still promising?" 1997 exclaimed at the physics seminar in cologne, Germany: "physics is like the night before Kepler's three laws saved astronomy"! From 65438 to 0998 in St. Petersburg, more than 300 participants learned that the basic theory of contemporary science has serious problems and the theory of relativity is full of loopholes.
The famous physicist W.Kantor analyzed the first-hand data of more than 60 "experimental verifications" of the theory of relativity, and thought that "all of them are based on wrong methods or invalid logic". Even most supporters of relativity admit that Lorentz contraction has not been observed experimentally so far: "When stretching bodies are involved, problems will arise ... Relativistic statics, thermodynamics and fluid mechanics have not yet established a satisfactory theoretical framework."
In the history of science, no theory can produce as many "paradoxes" as relativity, such as twin paradox, soft rope paradox, right-angle lever paradox, Erenfest paradox, Godel paradox, clock paradox and turntable paradox. No theory has caused so much confusion as relativity. For example, the explanations of "slow effect of scale contraction and clock contraction" in various relativity textbooks are varied: they are not valid; Not material but real; Is obvious; It is mathematical; It is a visual effect; Is determined by measurement; Is the result of simultaneity and relativity. ...
Just a few examples. So, why did the theory of relativity win such a "wide" recognition? The reason is very complicated, and there is a psychological factor, which was completely revealed by the late senior scientist L.Essen, director of the Time and Frequency Department of the British National Laboratory: "Physicists' attitude towards relativity is generally: they don't understand it, but since they admit it, it can't be wrong. I must admit, I have been like this until recent years. After research, he finally found that the theory of relativity was "self-contradictory and full of loopholes". "
For some time, some media have enthusiastically touted relativity and Einstein, and many serious scientists in the world have always kept a clear head and looked at relativity coldly. Alfin, an internationally renowned scientist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, thinks that the theory of relativity is "just an ornament" and "obliterates the boundary between science and pseudoscience". Dr. J.P.Wesley, a senior theoretical physicist in Germany, said: "Relativity never works." J.G.Bernes, a lifelong honorary professor of physics at the University of Texas, called relativity "a disaster" and "it's time to change the blind superstition of relativity!" The late Lu Hefu, a famous theoretical physicist in China, broke through many obstacles at the age of more than 80, leaving his last words: "Most editorial departments dare not publish this article. They are superstitious about Einstein and are afraid that others will say that they don't understand physics. "