The reliable history of China begins with the Xia, then the Shang, and then the Zhou. The Zhou is divided into the Western Zhou and the Eastern Zhou, and the Eastern Zhou is divided into the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
Qin was a Legalist, unjust and violent, and after unification, it was normal for the second generation to perish. The Qin Dynasty built the Great Wall, established a system of prefectures and counties, unified writing, and unified weights and measures.
The Han Dynasty established the Confucian ideological line of governance. The Western Han Dynasty was usurped by foreign relatives, not overthrown by the common people who rose up in rebellion.
The Three Kingdoms is a continuation of the local separatism in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It is just like the merger of small companies into several large companies. The reason why the Three Kingdoms can be maintained for a period of time is the regulating effect of the Wu regime. When Cao Qiang was strong, Wu Lian Liu During the Battle of Chibi against Cao Cao, when Liu was strong, he joined forces with Cao Cao to fight against Liu, and stabbed Guan Yu in the back on the front line of Fancheng to seize Jingzhou.
The unification of Jin was a disaster. It promoted metaphysics, was arrogant and extravagant, and corrupted the whole people. The short-term unity and prosperity brought terrible disasters. Wu Huanhua.
The Sui Dynasty in the Northern Dynasty unified China, and the Empress Chen of the Southern Dynasty inherited the Han rule of the Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, and Liang Dynasties. The Northern Dynasty was born out of the Xianbei Dynasty. So much so that the Sui royal family had Xianbei ancestry, and the Tang royal family that succeeded the Sui Dynasty also had Xianbei ancestry.
The Sui Dynasty built the Grand Canal and the imperial examination system, two things that still affect our lives today.
During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Chinese history reached its peak. Chang'an, an inland city, became an international metropolis. Its confidence and tolerance were unprecedented. The Japanese Chao Heng was the official and minister of supervision, while the barbarians took charge of the north. The elite army of the military region.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, vassal towns were separated again, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms entered the troubled times of Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, and Zhou. It was the Shatuo people's regime in the north that defeated the bastard Liang dynasty established by the Han people. Later Tang Dynasty was established. Zhengshuo merged into the Shatuo people's bloodline.
Song Taizu took control of the military power of the Zhou Dynasty and usurped the Zhou Dynasty. He emphasized culture over military affairs. Only Di Qing briefly served as deputy prime minister among the military generals. The tone of external weakness was set. Internally, business was valued and scholars were valued. Taizu had taught that civil servants should not be killed. Civil servants could only be exiled, and scholars had a high status. The demise of the Song Dynasty was not due to peasant uprisings, but to foreigners. It was caused by repeated major strategic mistakes. They allied with the strong to resist the weak, allied with the Jin to destroy the Liao, and allied with the Mongols to destroy the Jin. In the end, they themselves became the target of their allies.
The Mongolian Yuan Dynasty had strong military force. Kublai Khan followed the advice of the Khitan Yelu Chucai and did not kill all the Han people, but his oppression of the Han people was also cruel. The resistance of the Han people is inevitable. Mongolians like to do two things most, massacre cities and eat people. Our film and television works also praise man-eating demon kings like Temujin. I am speechless.
The Ming Dynasty defeated the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, but this dynasty was really a bastard.
The rulers of the Manchu Qing Dynasty were more diligent, and their national policies were basically antagonistic. They united with Mongolia, united with the Han landlord class, and did a good job in united front work. This was certainly not a good thing for the Han people. The three massacres in Jiading and the tenth day of Yangzhou, The Han people were bleeding like rivers, and those damn TV dramas even praised the braided emperor who massacred the Han people. They all turned into proletarian revolutionaries. They set up literary prisons for the injustice of the slaughtered Han people, and severely imprisoned the thoughts of the Han people. The only clean and efficient department in the late Manchu Qing Dynasty was the customs. The director of the customs was the Englishman Hurd, who worked there for 40 years.
The chaotic political state of the Republic of China, the out-of-control society, and the lack of restrictions on thought. Scholars began to reflect on it since the Opium War, and the ideological world prospered. During the Republic of China, many masters emerged in various industries. , Yan Fu, Lu Xun, Confucius, Cao Yu, Nie Er, Tian Han, Xu Beihong, Zhu Kezhen, Lao She, Ba Jin.
The Chinese nation is called Han, the writing is Chinese characters, the language is Chinese, and the foreign settlement area is Chinatown. This is not accidental, and it shows that the Chinese at that time were good.
The Emperors of Qin and Han Wu were slightly less talented in literature, and the Emperors of Tang and Song Dynasties were slightly less elegant. As the ruler at the top of a system, the emperor's literary talent was not important, but his ability to sympathize with the common people was important. Li Shimin said that water can carry a boat, but it can also capsize it.
Dictatorship is a bad system that brings personal emotional likes and dislikes into the rule. For example, Mussolini stipulated that the mannequins must be fat women because he liked fat women. In ancient China, there was no way or a better system. The Eastern Jin Dynasty's system of powerful ministers was a bit like a constitutional monarchy. The loss of imperial power did not last long. After several powerful ministers took turns to take charge of the throne, Liu Yu still usurped the throne. Dictatorship is not exclusive to China. There were also dictatorships in foreign countries until modern times, and there are still many of them today, such as the King of Saudi Arabia and the King of Brunei.
Those who have had a greater impact on the world include Germany's Mr. Schiff and Russia's Uncle Joe. Didn't Yang Zhenning also say that totalitarian rule is efficient? Germany's dictatorship is efficient, and it can launch a war in just six years. The Russian one is also good. In just twenty years, the people have paid a huge price to build a new industrial country, just like Like working overtime, it is unsustainable development. Franco of Spain was a cunning dictator, and because of his prudence, he prevented the country from turning into a sea of ??flames. Roosevelt, the cunning spider spirit in the pseudo-democratic system, was eager to join the war, but in order to win public opinion, he paid the price of the Pacific Fleet. This is the price of democracy.
As for the Taiping Rebellion, Marx believed that the leaders of the movement did not put forward a higher task. At most, it was a change of dynasty, and it caused more disturbance to the people than the old rulers. While Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang were successful in changing dynasties, Zhu Wen was half the number. Chen Sheng, Wu Guang, Zhang Jiao, Huang Chao, Li Zicheng, and Zhang Xianzhong were all losers. What is interesting is that many leaders of the peasant movement have not gained status in the current system. Intellectuals, they hate society and take revenge on society. No matter you are a commoner or a landlord, they will be violent without distinction! These leaders are murderous demons without batting an eyelid. The number of Hong Xiuquan's harem was greater than that of all the Qing emperors combined! It is recommended that TV dramas depicting palace battles focus their cameras on Hong Xiuquan’s harem.
The impact of writing on history cannot be overstated. The cultural diversity of Europe is reflected in the diversity of writing. The pronunciation and meaning of phonetic characters are relatively similar. Phonetic writing has created a multi-ethnic and multi-ethnic Europe. nation. Chinese is an ideographic script, which has been unified since the Qin Dynasty. During the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties where there were mountains of corpses and seas of blood, the Xianbei Emperor Xiaowen Emperor Tuoba Hong of the Northern Dynasties decided to adopt Chinese characters, which brought a glimmer of hope for the unification of the country. However, the Huluan Gang allowed the people of Xinjiang to use their own language, laying the groundwork for the division of the country. The bane.
Although it is the people who create history, history only records people who stand at the pinnacle of thinking and power, while ordinary people are lost in the dust of history.
Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan music, Ming and Qing novels, people in the Tang Dynasty could write poetry, and poetry writing became an important way to promote officials. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, many scholars did not want to be officials due to the poor ideological control conditions at that time. Now, I can realize my own value by writing operas and novels.
Most of the protagonists recorded in literary works are emperors, generals, talents and beauties. The Communists believe that there should be people’s literature, defining ordinary workers, peasants and soldiers as the protagonists recorded in literary works, and also encourage workers and peasants Bing began to create, so he came up with "The Rooster Crows in the Midnight" and "Lin Hai Xue Yuan". This is already a huge improvement.
Managing a group is nothing more than three things: managing the mind, managing the behavior, and managing the affairs. For the country, governance is faith and education. Governance refers to various systems and laws of the country. Governance refers to political movements and short-term policies. We often criticize short-term behavior and call for long-term mechanisms. Long-term mechanisms are systems. However, systems also have great limitations. The system is nothing more than two things: using violence to fight violence, and using wisdom to fight wisdom, which is a game of violence and intelligence. Fighting violence with violence is like two stones colliding. The stones will always be smashed. The state has violent institutions and implements corresponding violent systems. This is most obvious when society is out of control. Using wisdom to control wisdom is like pressing grass with stones, and the grass will come out from the gaps between the stones. The most stringent system is the law. There is a group of people who specialize in studying the gaps between the stones of the law all day long. These people are lawyers. Healing one's mind is fundamental, and a country without faith is a terrible thing.
Marquis Wu of Wei and his ministers were touring the front line of the Xihe River. They sighed for a moment: "The rivers and mountains are so steep, aren't the border defenses very strong?" Wu Qi replied: "Hegemony never occurs in dangerous places. If you don't practice moral governance, you will be surrounded by people." People will also take up arms against you."
When the rule of thought declines, folk thinkers will emerge. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a hundred schools of thought contended. Confucianism and Legalism influenced the subsequent history of China. Confucianism ruled China for two thousand years. It is not unreasonable to radiate to East Asia. Legalism is eager for quick success and instant benefit, and the fall of the Qin Dynasty is inevitable. Taoist metaphysics was most popular in the Western Jin Dynasty and brought the most serious disaster to the Chinese nation.
The Germans attach great importance to education, so they can still stand at the top of the world's nations after multiple divisions and wars.
Where do we see the future of the Chinese nation?
At the beginning, Chairman Mao said that China might turn into bureaucratic capitalism, which is the worst kind of capitalism.
The media has said that it is a period of social transformation. Where to turn? Bureaucratic capitalism!
Today’s media often calls elite rule. Are there any elites in the ruling class? No.
At most they are Shi Chong and his ilk. The reason Shi Chong became rich was by sending troops to rob merchants. Are compradors who help imperialism exploit their compatriots considered elites?
Chaos abounds in China today. The internal reason is the lack of faith and the dominance of human animal attributes, such as food, sex, and money.
In the four big mountains of education, medical care, elderly care, and housing, harsh governance is as fierce as a tiger! Among them, the most far-reaching and harmful impact is on education.
Marketization and administrativeization of education. Such bad effects may lead to the demise of this nation. It is absolutely impossible to turn around within a hundred years at least. China's current comprehensive destruction of natural resources and human environment will lead to continuous famine and war in the future. Somalia in Africa and Afghanistan in Central Asia are a mirror of China's future.