① Screen a large number of new compounds to develop highly selective agricultural antibiotics, or provide lead compound models for the synthesis of chemical pesticides. Natural products serve as leading ingredients and the starting point for pesticide synthesis routes. They are optimized and improved through derivatized synthesis, structural modification, etc. Synthetic derivative pesticides are the most commonly used method by pesticide companies, and microorganisms are their first choice due to their diversity of metabolites. . Oudemansins extracted from moldy Oudemansis mushrooms and antibiotics (Strobilurins) extracted from porous Toadstool mushrooms have been developed and applied for by 12 companies including British Chemical Company and BASF of Germany. With more than 100 original patents, its commercial development prospects are good. ② Focus on transforming the structure of some agricultural antibiotics to increase their uses or improve their efficacy. The most typical example of structural modification of agricultural antibiotics is that the American Merck Company transformed avermectin into ivermectin, methylamino or acetamido avermectin, which not only improved the efficacy of avermectin, but also reduced the Reduce toxicity and broaden the application scope and fields of abamectin. With strobilurin as the lead compound, the British ICI Company developed ICIA5504, the Swiss Novartis Company developed Flint, the German BASF Company developed BASO-490F, and the Japanese Shionogi Pharmaceutical Company developed SSF-126. The fungicide SYP-L190 jointly developed by the domestic Shenyang Chemical Industry Research Institute and the American Taosi Yinong Company is a broad-spectrum antifungal biopesticide and belongs to this series of new fungicides. ③ Strengthen the redevelopment of old varieties to broaden their uses. Flint, obtained by modifying Strobilurin from Novartis, can be used to control various diseases of grapes, pears, vegetables, peanuts, oats and turf. Validamycin is also called Jinggangmycin. Japan's Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. reported that the new components G and H of effective mycin are strong trehalase inhibitors, and the energy for many insects to fly is supplied by decomposing trehalose into glucose. Further research may lead to the development of validomycin into a new class of safe pesticides, and research in this area is already underway in Japan. The development of old varieties of agricultural antibiotics in my country mainly focuses on improving the fermentation level of production strains and reducing production costs.
Although agricultural antibiotics have been around for a short time, the development in the past 30 years has been rapid in terms of antibiotic varieties, output, quality, and technology. Since there are currently no good pesticides to control some diseases and insect pests, the development of chemically synthesized pesticides is becoming more and more difficult, and human beings are increasingly calling for environmental protection. Therefore, agricultural antibiotics, which are an important part of biological control, have become a research and development hotspot. With the implementation of the global sustainable development strategy, people have also begun to pay attention to the environmental pollution problem after the use of agricultural antibiotics, making biological control develop in the direction of low pollution.