Shield machine has a history of nearly 200 years, which started in Britain and developed in Japan and Germany.
In the past 40 years, through the exploration and research of EPB and slurry shield machine's key technologies, such as effective sealing of shield machine, ensuring the stability of excavation surface, controlling the surface uplift and collapse within the specified range, the service life of tools and the replacement of tools under sealed conditions, and the treatment technology of some harsh geological conditions such as high water pressure, the shield machine has been developed rapidly.
Due to the rapid development of Japanese economy and the needs of practical engineering, shield machines, especially EPB and slurry shield machines, have developed rapidly. German shield machine technology is also unique.
Especially in the process of underground construction, when the air pressure is as high as 0.3MPa, on the premise of ensuring sealing and replacing the cutter on the cutter head, the primary tunneling length of the shield machine is improved. Germany has also developed tools to replace worn tools from the atmospheric space inside the large-diameter cutter head under sealed conditions.
Extended data
/kloc-At the end of 0/8, the British plan to build a tunnel across the Thames in London. However, under the technical conditions of construction at that time, it was simply more difficult to build a river-crossing tunnel of this scale than to ascend to heaven!
1798, the Thames tunnel project entered the operation stage. However, due to various insurmountable difficulties, the project was forced to be interrupted. French engineer Bruner is a man of heart, so he has been thinking about the Thames tunnel project.
By chance, Bruner discovered an interesting behavior-ship maggots drilling holes. So, what is a ship maggot? It turns out that ship maggot is a kind of mollusk, because it digs holes in wooden boats and harms them, so it is called ship maggot, also called shell knife.
Bruner carefully observed the behavior of ship maggots drilling holes in the hull, and found that they also secreted a liquid from the body and coated it on the wall of the hole to form a protective shell to resist the expansion of the board after being wetted.
Bruner was inspired by this phenomenon and even shouted-"I have an idea!" Naturally, Bruner still has to thank the ship maggots. Therefore, Bruner put forward the principle of shield tunneling and obtained a British patent. This is the prototype of the so-called open hand-dug shield.
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