1. What is nanotechnology?
What is nanotechnology? 1. What is nanotechnology? The study of the movement and changes of atoms, molecules and other types of substances within one ten thousandth of a meter (10-8) to one billionth of a meter (10-9 meters); at the same time, the study of atoms and molecules within this scale range Manipulation and processing is also known as nanotechnology.
Use the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope to arrange atoms one by one into Chinese characters, which are only a few nanometers in size.
What is nano? Nano is a unit of measurement of size or size: kilometers (103) → meters → centimeters → millimeters → microns → nanometers (10-9), 4 times the size of an atom, one ten thousandth the thickness of a hair.
Biological science and technology, information science and technology, and nanoscience and technology will be the mainstream of science and technology development in the next century. The understanding of genes in bioscience and technology has given rise to genetically modified biotechnology, which can treat chronic diseases and create organisms that do not exist in nature; information science and technology allow people to know world events while sitting at home, and the Internet can almost change people's lives. Way.
Nanoscience is the study of the movement and changes of atoms, molecules and other types of matter within one millionth of a meter (10-8) to one billionth of a meter (10-9 meters) ; At the same time, the manipulation and processing of atoms and molecules within this scale is also called nanotechnology.
Reductionism: Reducing the movement of matter to the level of atoms and molecules. Atomic theory and quantum mechanics achieved great success. Organic synthesis; molecular biology; genetically modified food, sheep cloning; atomic spectroscopy and lasers; solid electronic theory and IC; geometric optics to optical fiber communications. The great achievements of classical physics, chemistry, and mechanics in the macroscopic world: computers and networks, spaceships, airplanes, cars, robots, etc. have changed people’s lifestyles
Science and technology have cognitive blind spots or the edifice of human knowledge cracks on. One side of the crack is the microscopic world dominated by atoms and molecules, and the other side is the macroscopic world of human activities. There is not a direct and simple connection between the two worlds, there is a transition zone - the nano-world.
Example: Molecular synthesis ≤1.5nm, →In vivo microelectronics technology is 0.2μm, and microsurgery can only connect large, small, micro-vessel particles ≤ PM10 and PM1.5. In the 1950s, Qian Lao's "Physical Mechanics" was one of the pioneering works that attempted to connect the two worlds.
When ten atoms, molecules or thousands of atoms and molecules are "assembled" together, they exhibit properties that are different from those of single atoms and molecules, and also different from those of bulk objects. This "combination" is called a "supramolecule" or "artificial molecule". There are significant changes in "supramolecular" properties such as melting point, magnetism, capacitance, conductivity, luminescence and dyeing, color and water solubility. When the "supermolecules" continue to grow or aggregate into large pieces of material in the usual way, the strange properties will be lost, just like some children who will not grow up.
Within the 10nm scale, the understanding of new laws in systems composed of a small number of electrons, atoms or molecules and how to manipulate or combine them, detect and apply them are the main issues of nanoscience and technology.
Materials and preparation: lighter, stronger and designable; long life and low maintenance costs; using new principles and new structures to construct materials with specific properties or materials that do not exist in nature at the nanometer level; biology Materials and biomimetic materials; diagnosis and repair of nanoscale damage during material destruction; microelectronics and computer technology: realizing a chip with 100nm lines in 2010, the goal of nanotechnology is: nanostructured microprocessor, efficiency increased by one million times; high-frequency network systems with 10 times the bandwidth; terabit memory (increased by 1000 times); integrated nanosensor systems;
Fast and efficient genome sequencing and gene diagnosis and gene therapy technology; medication New methods and drug 'missile' technologies; durable body-friendly artificial tissues and organs; devices for restoring vision and intelligence; nanosensor systems for early diagnosis of disease. Low energy consumption, radiation resistant, high performance computers; nanometer testing, control and electronic equipment for micro spacecraft; nanostructured coating materials that are resistant to thermal barriers and wear.
Develop green energy and environmental treatment technologies to reduce pollution and restore the damaged environment; nanoporous materials with a pore size of 1nm are used as catalyst carriers; MCM-41 ordered nanoporous materials (pore size 10-100nm) Used to remove dirt; polymer material modified with nanoparticles. At the nanoscale, biologically active proteins, ribose, nucleic acids, etc. are prepared according to predetermined size, symmetry, and arrangement. Implanting biomaterials in nanomaterials and devices produces comprehensive properties with biological and other functions. , biomimetic chemicals and biodegradable materials, genetic improvement and treatment of animals and plants, gene chips for measuring DNA, etc.
2. What is nanotechnology
Nanotechnology - basic concepts Arranging xenon atoms into structures using nanotechnology IBM Nanoscience and Technology, sometimes simply called nanotechnology, is the study of the properties and applications of materials with structural dimensions ranging from 0.1 to 100 nanometers.
After the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, a method was born to study the molecular world with a length of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. Its ultimate goal is to construct products with specific functions directly from atoms or molecules. Therefore, nanotechnology is actually a technology that uses single atoms and molecules within the range of matter.
Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong cross-cutting characteristics, and the research content involves a wide range of modern science and technology. Nanoscience and technology mainly include: nanosystem physics, nanochemistry, nanomaterials, nanobiology, nanoelectronics, nanoprocessing, nanomechanics, etc.
These seven relatively independent but interpenetrating disciplines and the three research areas of nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanoscale detection and characterization. The preparation and research of nanomaterials are the basis of the entire nanotechnology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. Judging from the research so far, there are three concepts about nanotechnology: The first is the molecular nanotechnology proposed by American scientist Dr. Drexler in 1986 in the book "The Machine of Creation".
According to this concept, machines for combining molecules can be made practical, so that all kinds of molecules can be combined arbitrarily and any kind of molecular structure can be produced. Nanotechnology of this concept has not yet made significant progress.
The second concept positions nanotechnology as the limit of micromachining technology. It is a technology that artificially forms nanometer-sized structures through nanometer-precision "processing".
This kind of nanoscale processing technology has also brought the miniaturization of semiconductors to the limit. Even if the existing technology continues to develop, theoretically speaking, it will eventually reach its limit. This is because if the line width of the circuit is gradually reduced, the insulating film constituting the circuit will become extremely thin, which will destroy the insulation effect.
In addition, there are problems such as heating and shaking. To solve these problems, researchers are studying new nanotechnologies.
The third concept is proposed from a biological perspective. Originally, organisms have nanoscale structures within cells and biofilms.
The development of DNA molecular computers and cell biocomputers has become an important part of nanobiotechnology. Nanotechnology - Technology Overview In 1993, the first International Nanotechnology Conference (INTC) was held in the United States, which divided nanotechnology into six major branches: nanophysics, nanobiology, nanochemistry, nanoelectronics, nanoprocessing technology and Nanometrics promotes the development of nanotechnology.
Due to the particularity, magic and widespread nature of this technology, it has attracted many outstanding scientists from all over the world to work hard for it. Nanotechnology generally refers to nanoscale (0.1 to 100nm) materials, design, manufacturing, measurement, control and product technology.
Nanotechnology mainly includes: nanoscale measurement technology: detection technology of nanoscale surface physical and mechanical properties: nanoscale processing technology; nanoparticle preparation technology; nanomaterials; nanobiological technology; nanoassembly technology, etc. . Nanotechnology - History of Development Nanotechnology was inspired by a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman titled "There's Still a Lot of Room at the Bottom."
The professor, who was teaching at the California Institute of Technology at the time, proposed a new idea to his colleagues.
Since the Stone Age, all human technologies, from sharpened arrowheads to photolithographic chips, have been about chipping away at or fusing billions of atoms at once to shape matter into useful forms.
Feinman asked, why can't we start from another perspective and assemble from individual molecules or even atoms to meet our requirements? He said: "At least in my opinion, the laws of physics do not rule out the possibility of making things atom by atom." Richard Feynman In 1990, scientists at IBM's Almaden Research Center successfully made a single atoms were rearranged, a key breakthrough in nanotechnology.
They used a device called a scanning probe to slowly move 35 atoms into their respective positions to form the letters IBM. This proves that Feynman is correct, the two letters combined are less than 3 nanometers long.
Soon, scientists will be able not only to manipulate individual atoms, but also to "spray atoms." Using molecular beam elongation growth, scientists have learned how to create extremely thin films of specialized crystals, one layer of molecules at a time.
Currently, this technology is used to manufacture computer hard disk read-write heads. The famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman predicted that humans can use small machines to make smaller machines, and eventually they will arrange atoms one by one to manufacture products according to human wishes. This is about nanometers. The earliest dream of technology; In the 1970s, scientists began to propose ideas about nanotechnology from different angles. In 1974, scientist Donny Gooch first used the term nanotechnology to describe precision machining; in 1982, scientists invented an important tool for studying nanometers—— Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals a visible world of atoms and molecules to us, and has played a positive role in promoting the development of nanotechnology; In July 1990, the first International Nanoscience and Technology Conference was held in Baltimore, USA, marking the official launch of nanoscience and technology. Birth; In 1991, carbon nanotubes were discovered by humans. Its mass is one-sixth of the same volume of steel, but its strength is 10 times that of steel. It has become a hot topic in nanotechnology research. Professor Smalley, the Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, believes that , carbon nanotubes will be the material of choice for the best fibers in the future, and will also be widely used in ultra-micro wires, ultra-micro switches, and nanoscale electronic circuits; in 1993, following the move of atomic clusters by Stanford University in the United States in 1989, the following Stanford University English, In 1990, after the International Business Machines Corporation of the United States used 36 xenon atoms to eject "IBM" on the surface of nickel, the Beijing Vacuum Physics Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences freely manipulated the atoms to successfully write the word "China", marking the beginning of China's It occupies a place in the field of international nanotechnology; in 1997, American scientists successfully used a single electron to move a single electron for the first time. Using this technology, it is expected to successfully develop a quantum computer with speed and storage capacity thousands of times higher than now in 20 years. .
3. What is nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is a science and technology that uses single atoms and molecules to create substances, and studies the properties of materials with structural dimensions in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. and applications.
Nanoscience and technology are science and technology based on many modern advanced science and technologies. It is a combination of dynamic science (dynamic mechanics) and modern science (chaos physics, intelligent quantum, quantum mechanics, mesoscopic physics, molecular biology study).
The product of combining with modern technology (computer technology, microelectronics and scanning tunneling microscopy technology, nuclear analysis technology), nanoscience and technology will trigger a series of new science and technology, such as: nanophysics, nanometer Biology, nanochemistry, nanoelectronics, nanofabrication technology and nanometrology, etc.
Extended information:
1. Nano is a unit of measurement of geometric size, 1 nanometer = one millionth of a millimeter.
2. Nanotechnology has driven the technological revolution.
3. Drugs made using nanotechnology can block capillaries and "starve" cancer cells.
4. If nano-integrated devices are used on satellites, the satellites will be smaller and easier to launch.
5. Nanotechnology is a multi-scientific synthesis, and some goals require long-term efforts to achieve.
6. Nanotechnology, information science and technology, and life science and technology are the current mainstream of scientific development. Their development will make human society, living environment and science and technology themselves better.
7. Nanotechnology can observe the lesions and conditions of cancer cells in the patient's body, allowing doctors to prescribe appropriate medicines.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia - Nanotechnology
4. What is Nano
For a period of time, nanotechnology has appeared frequently in the media. Regarding nanotechnology, The advantages of nanomaterials and products made using nanotechnology are also widely publicized.
So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners’ reference. . Nano is a unit of length with the symbol nm.
1 nanometer = 1 nanometer = 10 meters (one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assume that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 mm, and if it is cut into 50,000 radially average hairs, the thickness of each hair will be about 1 nanometer.
. 1. The meaning of nanotechnology. The so-called nanotechnology refers to a new technology that studies the movement patterns and characteristics of electrons, atoms and molecules in the scale of 0.1~100 nanometers. In the process of studying the composition of matter, scientists have discovered that several or dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanometer scale significantly exhibit many new properties, and the technology of using these properties to manufacture devices with specific functions , is called nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics is that nanotechnology studies the control of individual atoms and molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, and uses the volatility of electrons to work; while microelectronics Technology mainly realizes its functions by controlling groups of electrons and uses the particle nature of electrons to work. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microscopic world.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong cross-cutting characteristics, and the research content involves a wide range of modern science and technology. In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six subdisciplines: nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. . 2. Characteristics of nanoelectronic devices. The performance of electronic devices manufactured with nanotechnology is much better than that of traditional electronic devices: . Fast working speed. The working speed of nanoelectronic devices is 1,000 times that of silicon devices, thus improving product performance. Significantly improved.
Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of silicon devices. The information storage capacity is large. On a 5-inch optical disc that is less than the size of a palm, at least 30 of the entire collections of the Beijing Library can be stored.
Small size and light weight can greatly reduce the size and weight of various electronic products. Nanotechnology has frequently appeared in the media for some time, and the advantages of nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and products manufactured using nanotechnology have been widely publicized.
So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners’ reference. . Nano is a unit of length with the symbol nm.
1 nanometer = 1 nanometer = 10 meters (one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assume that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 mm, and if it is cut into 50,000 radially average hairs, the thickness of each hair will be about 1 nanometer.
. 1. The meaning of nanotechnology. The so-called nanotechnology refers to a new technology that studies the movement patterns and characteristics of electrons, atoms and molecules in the scale of 0.1~100 nanometers. In the process of studying the composition of matter, scientists have discovered that several or dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanometer scale significantly exhibit many new properties, and the technology of using these properties to manufacture devices with specific functions , is called nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics is that nanotechnology studies the control of individual atoms and molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, and uses the volatility of electrons to work; while microelectronics Technology mainly realizes its functions by controlling groups of electrons and uses the particle nature of electrons to work.
The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microscopic world.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong cross-cutting characteristics, and the research content involves a wide range of modern science and technology. In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six subdisciplines: nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology.
Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology. . 2. Characteristics of nanoelectronic devices. The performance of electronic devices manufactured with nanotechnology is much better than that of traditional electronic devices: . Fast working speed. The working speed of nanoelectronic devices is 1,000 times that of silicon devices, thus improving product performance. Significantly improved.
Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of silicon devices. The information storage capacity is large. On a 5-inch optical disc that is less than the size of a palm, at least 30 of the entire collections of the Beijing Library can be stored.
Small size and light weight can greatly reduce the size and weight of various electronic products.
5. What is nanotechnology
Nanotechnology, also called nanotechnology, is a technology that studies the properties and applications of materials with structural sizes in the range of 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers.
After the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981, a method was born to study the molecular world with a length of 1 to 100 nanometers. Its ultimate goal is to construct products with specific functions directly from atoms or molecules. Therefore, nanotechnology is actually a technology that uses single atoms and molecules to create substances.
Judging from the research so far, there are three concepts about nanotechnology:
1. In 1986, the American scientist Dr. Drexler wrote in "The Machine of Creation" Molecular nanotechnology presented in a book. According to this concept, machines that combine molecules can be made practical, so that all kinds of molecules can be combined arbitrarily and any kind of molecular structure can be produced. Nanotechnology of this concept has not yet made significant progress.
2. Nanotechnology is positioned as the limit of micro-machining technology. It is a technology that artificially forms nanometer-sized structures through nanometer-precision "processing". This kind of nanoscale processing technology has also brought the miniaturization of semiconductors to the limit.
Even if the existing technology continues to develop, theoretically speaking, it will eventually reach its limit. This is because if the line width of the circuit is gradually reduced, the insulating film constituting the circuit will become extremely thin. This will destroy the insulation effect. In addition, there are issues such as heating and shaking. To solve these problems, researchers are studying new nanotechnologies.
3. Proposed from a biological perspective. Originally, organisms have nanoscale structures within cells and biofilms. The development of DNA molecular computers and cellular biocomputers has become an important part of nanobiotechnology.
Extended information:
Application fields:
Current research and applications of nanotechnology are mainly in materials and preparation, microelectronics and computer technology, medicine and health, Aerospace and aviation, environment and energy, biotechnology and agricultural products, etc. Equipment made of nanomaterials is lighter, stronger, has a longer lifespan, has lower maintenance costs, and is more convenient to design.
Nanomaterials can also be used to produce materials with specific properties or materials that do not exist in nature, and to produce biological materials and biomimetic materials.
1. Nano is a unit of measurement of geometric size, 1 nanometer = one millionth of a millimeter.
2. Nanotechnology has driven the technological revolution.
3. Drugs made using nanotechnology can block capillaries and "starve" cancer cells.
4. If nano-integrated devices are used on satellites, the satellites will be smaller and easier to launch.
5. Nanotechnology is a multi-scientific synthesis, and some goals require long-term efforts to achieve.
6. Nanotechnology, information science and technology, and life science and technology are the current mainstream of scientific development. Their development will make human society, living environment and science and technology themselves better.
7. Nanotechnology can observe the lesions and conditions of cancer cells in the patient's body, allowing doctors to prescribe appropriate medicines.
Extended information:
Baidu Encyclopedia - Nanotechnology
6. What is nanoscience and technology
In the 1990s In science and technology newspapers, the terms "nanomaterials" and "nanotechnology" often appear. What are "nanomaterials"? In layman's terms, it is a material composed of extremely tiny particles with a size of only a few nanometers. 1 nanometer is one billionth of a meter and cannot be seen with the naked eye. But materials composed of nanoparticles have many unique properties. Therefore, scientists also call them "ultrafine particle" materials and "new materials of the 21st century." And nanomaterials are not entirely new. The most primitive nanomaterial appeared in my country in the 12th century BC. It is one of the four treasures of the Chinese study - ink. The important component of ink is smoke. In fact, smoke is formed from many ultrafine particles of carbon black, and the process of making smoke and ink involves so-called nanotechnology.
In 1984, a German scientist Gleiter pressed some extremely fine metal powder invisible to the naked eye into a small metal block using a special method, and studied the properties of this small metal block. The internal structure and performance were studied in detail. It was found that this metal actually exhibits many incredible and unique metallic properties and internal structures. The particularity of the material he made is that the general physical concept believes that the orderly arrangement of crystals is the main body of matter, and the defects and impurities in it are secondary and must be removed as much as possible. Gretel grinds substances into extremely small particles and then combines them. In fact, the defects on the interface are used as the main body of the material. The metal block pressed by the tiny particles is a two-component material, with crystalline components and interface components. The interface component accounts for 50%. In the crystalline component, the atoms are still arranged in the original order, but in the interface component, there are a large number of defects at the interface, and the arrangement order of the atoms changes. When the bicomponent material is made At the nanometer level, this special structure of matter constitutes nanomaterials, and thus the research on nanomaterials and nanoscience and technology began.
In 1987, Germany and the United States simultaneously reported the successful preparation of titanium dioxide nanoceramics (particle size is 12 nanometers). This kind of ceramic has much better deformation performance and toughness than single crystal and coarse crystal titanium dioxide ceramics. For example, nanoceramics can withstand bending deformation at 180°C without cracking. Even if nanoceramic parts have cracks at the beginning, the cracks will not expand after experiencing a certain degree of bending deformation. In 1989, scientists from the American Business Machines Corporation (IBM) used the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) invented in the 1980s to move xenon atoms and used them to spell out the three letters IBM. Then they used 48 iron atoms arranged to form the Chinese character "atomic". "Two words. In 1990, the first Nanoscience and Technology Conference was successfully held in the United States, marking the official birth of a new discipline that closely combines microscopic basic theory with contemporary high technology - nanoscience and technology. In 1991, IBM scientists created a xenon atom switch with a speed of 20 billion times per second. In 1996, IBM's research institute in Zurich developed the world's smallest "abacus". The beads of this "abacus" are only nanometer-sized and made of the famous "carbon" buckyball C60.
7. What does "nanotechnology" mean?
For a period of time, nanotechnology has frequently appeared in the media, regarding the advantages of nanotechnology, nanomaterials and products made using nanotechnology. Sex is also widely publicized. So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners’ reference.
. Nano is a unit of length with the symbol nm. 1 nanometer = 1 nanometer = 10 meters (one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assume that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 mm, and if it is cut into 50,000 radially average hairs, the thickness of each hair will be about 1 nanometer.
. 1. The meaning of nanotechnology
. The so-called nanotechnology refers to the study of the movement patterns and characteristics of electrons, atoms and molecules on a scale of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. A brand new technology. In the process of studying the composition of matter, scientists have discovered that several or dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanometer scale significantly exhibit many new properties, and the technology of using these properties to manufacture devices with specific functions , is called nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics is that nanotechnology studies the control of individual atoms and molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, and uses the volatility of electrons to work; while microelectronics Technology mainly realizes its functions by controlling groups of electrons and uses the particle nature of electrons to work. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microscopic world.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong cross-cutting characteristics, and the research content involves a wide range of modern science and technology. In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six subdisciplines: nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology. Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology.
. 2. Characteristics of nanoelectronic devices
. The performance of electronic devices manufactured with nanotechnology is much better than that of traditional electronic devices:
. Work Fast, the working speed of nanoelectronic devices is 1,000 times that of silicon devices, thus greatly improving product performance. Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of silicon devices. The information storage capacity is large. On a 5-inch optical disc that is less than the size of a palm, at least 30 of the entire collections of the Beijing Library can be stored. Small size and light weight can greatly reduce the size and weight of various electronic products.
8. What is nanotechnology
For a period of time, nanotechnology has appeared frequently in the media, and the advantages of nanotechnology, nanomaterials and products manufactured using nanotechnology are also widely discussed. For publicity. So, what is nanotechnology? This article introduces this knowledge for beginners’ reference.
. Nano is a unit of length with the symbol nm. 1 nanometer = 1 nanometer = 10 meters (one billionth of a meter), which is about the length of 10 atoms. Assume that the diameter of a hair is 0.05 mm, and if it is cut into 50,000 radially average hairs, the thickness of each hair will be about 1 nanometer.
. 1. The meaning of nanotechnology
. The so-called nanotechnology refers to the study of the movement patterns and characteristics of electrons, atoms and molecules on a scale of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. A brand new technology. In the process of studying the composition of matter, scientists have discovered that several or dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanometer scale significantly exhibit many new properties, and the technology of using these properties to manufacture devices with specific functions , is called nanotechnology.
. The main difference between nanotechnology and microelectronics is that nanotechnology studies the control of individual atoms and molecules to achieve specific functions of the device, and uses the volatility of electrons to work; while microelectronics Technology mainly realizes its functions by controlling groups of electrons and uses the particle nature of electrons to work. The purpose of people's research and development of nanotechnology is to achieve effective control of the entire microscopic world.
. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong cross-cutting characteristics, and the research content involves a wide range of modern science and technology. In 1993, the International Nanotechnology Steering Committee divided nanotechnology into six subdisciplines: nanoelectronics, nanophysics, nanochemistry, nanobiology, nanofabrication and nanometrology. Among them, nanophysics and nanochemistry are the theoretical basis of nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics is the most important content of nanotechnology.
. 2. Characteristics of nanoelectronic devices
. The performance of electronic devices manufactured with nanotechnology is much better than that of traditional electronic devices:
. Work Fast, the working speed of nanoelectronic devices is 1,000 times that of silicon devices, thus greatly improving product performance. Low power consumption, the power consumption of nanoelectronic devices is only 1/1000 of silicon devices. The information storage capacity is large. On a 5-inch optical disc that is less than the size of a palm, at least 30 entire collections of the Beijing Library can be stored. Small size and light weight can greatly reduce the size and weight of various electronic products.