Immortal? Einstein
Einstein died suddenly in Princeton Hospital in the United States in 1955. The self-proclaimed "scumbag" was cremated in accordance with his will and passed away forever. However, Dr. Harvey, the hospital pathologist who presided over the autopsy, went against the client's original intention and preserved the brain. Dukas, Edouard's personal secretary during his lifetime, was very dissatisfied with this, but his eldest son Hans Einstein agreed to use it for scientific research. Soon Harvey left, leaving the "love brains" in the two glass jars in the basement, and many people at the time disagreed. Mrs. Harvey was even more fed up and wanted someone to "move this damn thing away as soon as possible"! Later, some people tried to use it to explore the physiological basis of public love and intelligence. Although there were some discoveries, they lacked theoretical height. ?
In 1988, Harvey failed the qualifying exam and lost his medical license. At the age of eighty, he was still working the night shift in a plastics factory. Although "Brain Love" continues to attract attention from the intellectual community, due to the difficulties of modern brain neuroscience, it has been soaked in formaldehyde solution for more than 40 years in vain. Harvey was so disheartened that he once thought of donating it to the Hebrew University that Albert had promoted during his lifetime, or simply returning it to Princeton Hospital to completely get rid of this burden. Unexpectedly, at the end of the last millennium, unexpected good news suddenly came: someone had initially discovered an intrinsic connection between Einstein's brain structure and its special functions.
Everything that happened to Einstein in his childhood symbolized that the adult Einstein must have achieved something. Einstein was born into a fairly wealthy family. Father Hermann. Hermann Einstein and his uncle Jacob ran an electrical equipment shop in Munich, Germany. ?
Father-Hermann Einstein
Einstein was born on March 14, 1879. His mother felt that this son was a little abnormal. It is said that his head was very large and strangely shaped. He needs time to prepare before speaking, so he speaks much faster than other children. At that time, his parents thought that their son might be mentally retarded, and how could they know that he would have such great achievements in the future. ?
Einstein was relatively lonely and didn’t like to talk. He will not participate in school sports. He hated going to school and often pretended to be sick and was absent. When attending class, he often wanders around and thinks about all the issues he likes. Later, he was expelled from school because of an argument with a teacher in class. ?
There is no doubt that, like all scientists, Einstein had amazing intelligence and curiosity about nature. During his lifetime, Einstein often mentioned an experience he had as a child. When he was five years old, he fell ill and his father gave him a compass. He discovered that no matter where he placed the compass pointer, the pointer would be pointed in the same direction by invisible forces, which made him become interested in nature. ?
When he was twelve years old, he became fascinated by mathematics from geometry books, and a few numbers enlightened the child. Einstein later said in his autobiography that the sum of the squares of the two right-angled sides of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse (Pythagorean theorem). This square is not an obvious thing, but it can be proved. "How wonderful it is that human thinking can prove things that are not obvious! One proof can replace a thousand times: ten thousand measurements." Geometry gave Einstein a wonderful way of thinking. Sex had a profound impact on his future development.
Although little Einstein's grades were good, he actually hated middle school life, because studying here relied entirely on memory and strict discipline. He could only study subjects that really interested him at home. It is said that his teacher believed that Einstein's presence affected the learning atmosphere and students' respect for the teacher, and he was once advised to leave school. Finally, at the age of fifteen, he left school and joined his parents in Italy. Of course, this escape implies another reason - evading military service. He once said: "If someone hears music and marches in a queue with great interest, this is enough to make me despise him. God has mistakenly implanted a brain in him. He only needs a spinal cord to be more than enough."
The Einstein family immigrated to Italy, intending to start over and create another career here.
In 1895, Einstein applied for the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Swiss? Federal? Institute? of Technology) but was unsuccessful. Then, he enrolled in a school in Switzerland, where he began to study James Clerk Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. ?
Einstein, who was very talented in mathematics, entered the Institute of Technology in Zurich after graduation. Here, he received enthusiastic help from his friend Marcel Grossmann, who brought Einstein mathematics lecture notes, allowing Einstein to complete his studies. Einstein once said: "Without these handouts, I really don't predict whether I would be who I am today."
Einstein's job search career was not smooth. After graduation, because his grades were not very outstanding, he was often rejected when looking for university teaching jobs. He can only take temporary jobs related to teaching, including his least favorite tutor. At this time, he felt that he was a burden on his family, and his determination to become a physicist was shaken. ?
Finally, in 1902, he found a job as an appraiser at the Swiss Patent Office (Swiss Patent Office in Bern). He described it as a kind of salvation because he received a regular salary here and could continue his research on physics and write related articles. ?
Einstein once mentioned a friend who worked with him - Michele Besso. Einstein described him as one of the best scientific sounding boards in Europe. Discussing physics and philosophy issues with Einstein, in addition to Besso, there is also a group of unknown friends in the academic world. They called themselves the Olympia Academy, after the Olympia Research Institute, which was renowned in the scientific community at the time. ?
The papers written by Einstein while at the patent office gradually attracted the attention of the academic community, and in 1909 he was appointed as an associate professor at the University of Zurich. He was even invited to attend the annual meeting of German scientists. Here he met the famous physicist at that time. Then, he was invited to be a professor at German University in Prague.
While attending the Polytechnic in Zurich, Einstein met his first wife, Minerva. Mileva Maric. Minerva is Serbian (Yugoslavia). She was the only girl in Einstein's class studying physics?
Einstein and Minerva fell deeply in love and soon wanted to start a family. But Einstein's parents strongly opposed it. They thought that Minerva was older than Einstein, had a slight limp, and studied such hard subjects, so she did not look like a lady at all; more importantly, she was not Jewish. After several arguments, the mother angrily scolded Einstein, saying that if he continued to date Minerva, it would be like driving his parents who were in financial difficulties to a dead end. ?
Einstein could only compromise in anger. Minerva discovered she was pregnant in the spring of 1901. She returned to her parents' home and gave birth to a baby girl, but Einstein had no way of finding out about the baby, who may have died immediately. Soon after, Minerva returned to Zurich, failing her graduation exams and receiving her diploma. ?
Between 1899 and 1905, Einstein suffered setbacks. Because during this period, he was unemployed and lost his daughter at the same time. Minerva was unable to find a job because she had no diploma. The countless disputes with him and his parents also made him nervous. It wasn't until his father's death in 1902 that the relationship between Einstein and his family gradually improved. Finally, they successfully married in 1903 and gave birth to sons in 1904 and 1910 respectively. Minerva is said to have frequently discussed physics with Einstein, but her contribution to Einstein's achievements has never been confirmed.
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Minerva, Einstein’s first wife
Einstein got to know many European physicists at the time through letters and scientific seminars. In 1912, he returned to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology as a professor. Here, he met his good friend Grossmann again who had become a professor of mathematics at that time. With his help again, Einstein began working on mathematical theorems that would help him develop a theory of gravity. ?
In 1914, the German government invited him to conduct research and gave him the honor of being a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. When the boy left Germany, he had given up his German citizenship, but because this honor would bring him the opportunity to meet a group of great scientists, and accepting this honor would not require him to perform his daily teaching work, plus it was a promising career. reputation, so he had to accept it.
Due to the increasing workload, Einstein had less and less time for his wife. Minerva remarked: "He lacks the love of his husband." Because Einstein was under pressure from his wife and work, he began to develop a relationship with his cousin Elsa Lowenthal in order to find some spiritual comfort. Eventually, Einstein and Minerva lived separately in 1914 and officially divorced in 1919. In the same year, he married Elsa Lowenthal and lived with her and her two daughters. ?
Einstein acted as a messenger of peace in an era when the atmosphere of war was increasing. At that time, the national consciousness of scientists in Germany was very high. Intellectuals launched a signature campaign in support of the military in 1914, believing that the German army was the guardian of national culture. Einstein, seeking to prevent national consciousness from getting out of hand, launched another signature campaign and issued a peace declaration after the war. ?
From 1919 to 1933, when Einstein was expelled from Germany, he was active in many groups. ?Especially in the "Committee for Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations" which actively fought against the Allies' boycott of German science. He also chaired a committee to investigate crimes committed by the German army in Belgium during the war. ?
In his later years, Einstein was often troubled and unhappy by the conflict between his general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. This popular scientist was once again ignored in the physics community. He received only formal respect from scientists (because of his former glory and status as an old-timer). Regarding the content of what he said, the scientists just nodded and ignored what he said. The reason why Einstein was ignored was because of his conflicts with the new generation of physicists at that time? ?
In 1933, when Hitler came to power, Einstein wrote to the Prussian Academy of Sciences, stating that he was unwilling to accept the jurisdiction of the German government because he believed that the German government did not value ethnic equality and did not respect teaching and education. freedom of speech. Finally, he accepted the appointment letter from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA, and at the same time became a naturalized American and settled in Princeton. From then on, he refused to maintain relations with the university faculty who stayed in Germany, and even in his later years, he still harbored a primitive hatred for Germans. ?
During the 22 years Einstein lived in the United States (until his death), he almost never left Princeton. His only duty here is to visit people as famous as himself. ?
In his political career in the United States, he is most famous for his letter to then US President Roosevelt in 1939, hoping that the US government would develop and develop an atomic bomb, hoping that Germany would not succeed in developing it first.