Citroen Citroen 19 19 Paris Chapal River. After the first world war. In an abandoned shell manufacturing base, 4 1 year-old Andre? Andre Citroen founded the Citroen automobile factory with the concept of "mass production of cheap and good quality cars".
The founder Andre Citroen is called a genius. 1919-1935, when he personally supervised the war, technological innovation was recognized as a booster in the early stage of the company's development, and Citroen was shrouded in many auras at this time. 19 19, referring to the successful experience of Ford Motor Company Model T in the United States, Citroen Company produced the first mass-produced Model A car in Europe, which is not only the first mass-produced cheap national car in Europe, but also the first left-hand drive car in France.
Citroen's first car ~ ~ type a:ModelA 1327 cc, four-cylinder engine, three-speed gearbox, 2 100 rpm output 18 horsepower. The top speed is 65 kilometers per hour, which is very fuel-efficient-7.5 liters of gasoline can run 100 kilometers. From the listing of 19 19 in May to the discontinuation of production in February, 193 1, * * 24,093 TypeA have shuttled around France, which has witnessed Citroen's business philosophy of "cheap and good quality".
1923, the average daily output of Citroen reached 100.
1924, the first "all-steel" B 12 car in Europe was successfully developed, which broke the inherent number of wooden structures.
1932, the engine and chassis are connected by plastic.
1934, Citroen produced the first front-wheel drive car in France-Tracesion Avant, which became the first company in France to adopt assembly line production and started mass production of front-wheel drive cars-and this technology was almost applied to the production of cars in the United States and Japan in the 1990s. However, glory seems to come too hastily and briefly.
1934, Citroen suffered an unexpected decline.
1935, Mr. Citroen passed away.
1935- 1974 is a history that has been diluted by Citroen people. After 40 years of Michelin, although it quickly got rid of the decline, it lost its advertising and attractive color, which belongs to the glory of Citroen. The hydraulic suspensions of 2CV and DS, which were born in 1948 and 1955, are the pride to be remembered in this period.
French Citroen 2cv (CITEROEN 2cv)/KOOC-0/949, type: four-door car, two-door van structure: steel platform chassis, steel body engine: air-cooled, horizontally opposed, double cylinder, overhead valve power: 9//KOOC-0/2/KOOC-0/8/29HP maximum speed.
Citroen C8
1948, when Citroen 2CV was listed in the car factory in Paris, it was ridiculed to some extent. No car has experienced such pain before and after this. The production of this kind of car is to compete with the Beetle, a "common people's car". When Dampier boulanger (1886- 1950) started designing cars for the agricultural market in 1939, he only faced simple needs. 2CV must be able to take a person with him. He wears a top hat and carries a basket full of eggs. When crossing the field, he must not knock over his fragile goods. There is no room for dreams. It must provide good head space, excellent suspension system and comfort, and this real car should be inexpensive from manufacturing to maintenance. This simple, geometric car uses the most economical materials and is easy to assemble, because it has just finished the war and is short of raw materials. The light hammock seats can be removed to provide more space for things, and the retractable canvas roof allows cars to load long or large pieces.
Despite many slanders and insults, this 2CV car is still all the rage. From 1948 to 1990, * * * built 5 million vehicles. Citroen's 2CV is called "four wheels and an umbrella", and it is also called the three most famous mini-cars in the world, along with Volkswagen's Beetle and Britain's Mini.
At the 1955 Paris Motor Show, Citroen was equipped with the most proud treasures of DS 19 models-four-wheel hydraulic pneumatic suspension system and body height adjustment system; Once again won admiration and applause. This combination of Hydro (hydraulic oil) and nitrogen replaces the function of spring, which can automatically adjust the amount of hydraulic oil in the shock absorber. No matter how heavy the car is, it can maintain a certain height and achieve a comfortable driving effect. Hydropneumatic suspension system has the characteristics of both driving safety and riding comfort, which makes Rolls-Royce Company of England, which is highly respected in the world car industry, buy this patent from Citroen on 1982, and put it on Rolls-Royce cars, blending the soft and romantic rhythm of France with the seriousness and elegance of Britain, creating another stop-and-go situation.
Beautiful curves and bright painting, coupled with the advanced design that every part of the car body can be easily disassembled and replaced, as well as the hydraulic power steering, braking, transmission system, and even the illumination angle of headlights, are also hydraulically controlled and adjusted, making DS 19 a sensation all over the world, becoming a template for other car manufacturers to build cars in the future, and achieving excellent production and sales of 1455746 vehicles.
SM, another new car comparable to DS, was released in1March, 970. In addition to Maserati's well-known high-performance V6 engine, Citroen also integrated a number of world-famous patented stunts-pinion steering system, central control connecting braking system, disc brake, power steering wheel and hydraulic pneumatic system automatic centralizer, and made it the first high-performance luxury coupe in France at that time, before electronic technology. 1970 The GS car series that made its debut at the Paris Motor Show once again raised Citroen's car-making technology to another peak with its eye-catching shape of six headlights and sloping back. At that time, GS used 10 15cc air-cooled horizontal four-cylinder engine, but it drove the 880kg body of 1500cc class. However, under the unique design of Citroen, this 1000cc class car can play the top speed of 149km, which is admirable. Citroen's profound skill of "coexistence of wind resistance characteristics and livability" condensed on GS car series is still the ideal pursued by all automobile manufacturers in the world. This kind of "bottleneck" in automobile design engineering, Citroen broke through the "Rendu" vein as early as 265,438+0 years ago, and now many well-known automobile manufacturers can clearly see the reflection of GS design concept, which is an indisputable fact.
Under the impact of a wave of business crisis, Citroen finally joined PSA with 1975, and Peugeot controlled 89.95% of the shares in the following year. However, Citroen's maverick style has gained corresponding respect. CX, BX, XM, and even ZX, which won the Paris-Dhaka rally this year, have inherited and promoted the Citroen tradition.
There is a legend circulating in the international automobile circle: Usually, automobile factories use sludge models to test the drag coefficient of new cars in wind tunnels, while Citroen carves different automobile prototypes with giant ice cubes, which are tested by strong winds in wind tunnels, and the model with the slowest melting rate is used as the production style. Such an original and avant-garde concept undoubtedly shows the romance and unique sense of humor of the French, and Citroen's maverick can also be seen.
Starting from the Chapal River in Paris, Citroen has three automobile factories with more than 50,000 employees, and has produced 812,500 vehicles (an average of 3,700 vehicles per day) at10,500 sales points worldwide (including 5,000 in France) and10.990. And it has technical cooperation relations with the automobile industries in Fayette, Rolls-Royce, Morocco and Japan, and is an important member of PSA Group.