How to do the welding test of steel plate?

1 Scope This standard specifies the tensile, bending, impact and hardness test methods for welded joints of composite steel plates. This standard is applicable to the mechanical properties test of welded joints of single-sided and double-sided composite steel plates (hereinafter referred to as welded joints) for pressure vessels, nuclear reactors, storage tanks, ships and other uses, which are rolled, exploded, surfacing, cast, explosive rolled, surfacing and cast with a total thickness of 8 mm or more. The mechanical properties test of welded joints of composite steel plates and other metal composite plates with total thickness less than 8 mm can also be used for reference. 2 Reference Standards The clauses contained in the following standards constitute the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. At the time of publication of this standard, all versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and all parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB 150-89 steel pressure vessel GB 228-87 metal tensile test method GB/T 229-94 metal charpy notch impact test method GB 232-88 metal bending test method GB 2649-2655-89 mechanical properties test method of welded joint GB 4340-84 metal vickers hardness test method GB/t6396-/kloc-. Test method for mechanical and technological properties of 995 composite steel plate GB 6397-87 metal tensile specimen GB/T13147-91Technical conditions for welding copper and copper alloy composite steel plate GB/T 13 148-9L stainless steel composite steel plate GB/T. 9 1 Welding technical conditions of titanium and titanium alloy composite steel plate JJG 139-95 Verification regulation of tensile force, pressure and universal material testing machine JJG 145-82 Verification regulation of pendulum impact testing machine JJG 15l-9 1 Vickers hardness tester JJG/ The thickness of matrix material in some composite metals is greater than that of cladding material. 3.3 Cladding materials in clad metal composite metal. 3.4 Composite Proportion The ratio of composite material thickness to base material thickness of composite steel plate. 3.5 Total thickness of composite steel plate The sum of the thickness of base material and coating material of composite steel plate. 3.6 Rolling composite steel plate Rolling composite plate By rolling method, a metallurgical bonded composite steel plate is formed between the base material and the cladding material. 3.7 explosive composite steel plate explosive composite steel plate is a composite steel plate that metallurgically combines the matrix and the coating by explosive welding. 3.8 surfacing of composite steel plate surfacing composite plate The composite steel plate is produced by surfacing on the base material. 3.9 Casting Composite Steel Plate Casting Composite Plate Metallurgically bonded composite steel plate is formed between base material and cladding material by casting method. 3. 10 explosive rolling composite steel plate explosive rolling composite plate rolls the explosive composite blank into composite steel plate. 3. 1 1 surfacing rolling composite steel plate surfacing roller composite plate rolling surfacing composite blank to obtain composite steel plate. 3. 12 cast-rolling composite plate cast-rolling composite plate cast composite blank to obtain composite steel plate. 3. 13 Single-sided composite steel plate Single-sided composite steel plate with single-sided covering material. 3. 14 Double-sided composite steel plate Double-sided composite steel plate with covering material on both sides. 3. 15 Bending test cladding of external bending test surface is located in Lamian Noodles bending test. 3. 16 Internal bending test of covering material for root bending test of bending compression surface. 3. 17 Bending test: Bending test in which the covering material and base material of the side bending sample are in the same bending state. 4 See table 1 for symbols and names. 5. Test board 5. 1 The size of the test board and the samples taken are shown in figure 1. 5.2 The weld of the test plate shall be visually inspected and nondestructive tested, and then samples shall be taken from qualified parts. 5.3 The length of waste parts at both ends of the test plate shall be no less than 30 mm by manual welding and no less than 40 mm by automatic welding. For the test board with arc striking plate and lead-out plate, the scrapped parts at both ends can be scrapped less or not. 5.4 Samples shall be taken from the test plate by mechanical processing. If heat treatment methods such as plasma cutting are used, the heat affected zone must be removed. 6 tensile test 6. 1 specimen 6. 1. 1 tensile specimens are divided into two types: joint tensile specimens and weld metal tensile specimens, and the sampling quantity shall conform to GB/T 13 147, GB/T 1365438 and. 6. There are two kinds of tensile samples for1.2 joint. One is a pure matrix sample with the cover layer and transition layer removed, and the thickness of the sample is a=Tb. ; The other is a sample containing cladding, and the thickness of the sample is a=Tt. 6. 1.3 tensile specimens of joints are generally rectangular cross-section specimens, and the processing requirements can be implemented according to GB 265 1. The specific dimensions are shown in Figure 2. The sample width is 6≥25 mm, the sample length L and the chuck part length l 1 shall be determined as required, l 1. Generally, it should exceed 2/3 of the jaw height of the clamp. The excess height at the weld of the sample shall be machined flush with the base metal, and the machining direction shall be parallel to the length direction of the sample. 6. 1.4 For samples containing cladding materials, full-thickness samples should generally be adopted. When the total thickness TT of composite steel plate is greater than 40 mm and the testing machine capacity is insufficient, it can be processed from both sides of base material and covering material according to the composite ratio, so that the thickness A is less than or equal to 40 mm, but the covering material thickness L of the sample should be ensured to be greater than or equal to L ≥ 3 mm; ; When Tc≤3 mm, only the thickness Tb of the substrate becomes thinner. 6. 1.5 For samples with pure substrate, samples with full substrate thickness are generally used. When the thickness of composite steel plate substrate is 7 1s >: 40 mm, and the testing machine capacity is insufficient, samples can be taken according to GB 2649 and GB 265 1. 6. 1.6 The blank of the tensile specimen of weld metal shall be taken from the weld of the composite steel plate matrix, and the sampling direction and method of the blank shall conform to GB 2649. The sample shall be sampled according to the requirements of the sample number R 1 ~ R3 in GB 6397, and the sample diameter do shall be as large as possible. 6.2 Test equipment and test conditions The test equipment shall be regularly verified according to JJG 139, JJG 157 and JJG 475, and the test conditions shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 228. 6.3 Test methods The test methods are in accordance with GB 228, GB 265 1 and GB 2652. Test items are determined according to relevant standards and technical conditions. 6.4 The calculation of stress and strength of test results should be based on the corresponding test force divided by the original total cross-sectional area of the sample, and the calculation of its parameters should comply with GB 228. 6.5 Test report The test report shall generally include the following contents: a) The number of this standard; B) Specimen marking (such as material specification, material and specimen code); C) test results; D) fracture location and defects. 7 Bending test Bending test includes external bending, internal bending and lateral bending test. 7. Total thickness of composite steel plate Tt at1sample 7. 1.1.2. & gt20 mm, and the capacity of the testing machine is insufficient, the inward bending sample can be thinned from the side of the covering material to a = 20mm；; The sample bent outward can be thin to a = 20mm； by processing from one side of that substrate; When the capacity of the testing machine allows, the full-thickness sample test can be used. The excess height at the weld of the specimen shall be machined flush with the base metal, with the surface roughness of Ra 12.5μ m, and the machining direction shall be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the specimen. 7. 1.3 for double-sided composite steel plates, when L >: 20 mm and the testing machine capacity is insufficient, they can be processed and thinned to a=20 mm respectively, in which one sample retains a surface coating and the other surface coating # When the testing machine capacity allows, full-thickness samples can be used for testing. The excess height at the weld of the sample shall be machined flush with the base metal. Its surface roughness is Ra 12.5μ m, and the processing direction should be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the sample. 7. 1.4 The number of lateral bending specimens is specified in relevant standards and technical conditions. The shape and size of the specimens are shown in Figure 4, and the processing requirements shall be specified in GB 2653. Total thickness of composite steel plate TT > when sample width B=Tt; When 40 mm, multiple combined samples can be used instead of full-thickness samples; For double-sided composite steel plates, two samples are taken from each group, one of which is thinned by processing the covering material on one side and the other is thinned to 40 mm by processing the covering material on the other side. 7.2 Test Equipment and Test Conditions 7.2. 1 Bending test can be conducted on a press or universal material testing machine. 7.2.2 The distance between the backup rollers of the testing machine should be adjustable, the backup rollers should have sufficient hardness, the length should be greater than the width of the sample, and the two rollers should be parallel. 7.2.3 The testing machine should have bending centers with different diameters, and the bending centers should have sufficient length, width and hardness. 7.3 Test methods 7.3. 1 The test methods for external bending, internal bending and lateral bending are in accordance with GB 232 and GB. 2653 and GB/T 6396 stipulate that the bending center diameter and bending angle should meet the relevant standards and technical conditions. The determination principles are: external bending should meet the requirements of welding joints of cladding materials, internal bending should meet the requirements of welding joints of base materials, and lateral bending should choose the bending center diameter and bending angle according to the lower requirements of base materials and cladding materials. 7.3.2 Two groups of double-sided composite steel plate specimens were subjected to external bending test. 7.3.3 When the total thickness of composite steel plate Tt≥ 10 mm, lateral bending can be used instead of external bending and internal bending tests. 7.4 Evaluation of test results 7.4. 1 The test results of external bending, internal bending and lateral bending and the requirements for reinspection shall be judged according to the requirements of relevant standards and technical conditions, and the cracking degree of welds on tensile surfaces shall be generally checked. 7.4.2 In any of the following circumstances, the test result is invalid. A) improper operation; B) Wrong selection of bending center or equipment failure affects the test results. 7.4.3 If the test result is invalid, the same number of samples shall be tested. 7.5 Test report Test report generally includes the following contents: a) Number of this standard; B) Sample marking (such as material specification, material, sample code, etc.). ); C) Test category (external bending, internal bending and lateral bending); D) Test results (the direction, length, number and location of cracks shall be indicated). 8 Hardness test 8. 1 specimen 8. 1. 1 specimen shall be taken from the cross section of the welded joint of composite steel plate, and the specific size depends on the requirements and test conditions. 8. 1.2 The measured surface of the sample should be smooth, and the roughness after polishing should not be greater than Ra 0.4 μ m. 8.1.3 After polishing, the surface of the sample should be etched with corresponding etching solution to show the boundaries of weld metal and heat affected zone. Covering material, transition layer (if any) and base material. 8. 1.4 Other requirements of samples shall comply with GB 4340. 8.2 Test equipment and test conditions The test equipment shall be regularly verified according to JJG 15l standard, and the test conditions shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 4340. 8.3 Test Methods GB 4340 and GB/T 6396 specify 8.3. 1 test methods. 8.3.2 The test shall be conducted according to the requirements of relevant standards. The hardness of different areas of coating, transition layer and matrix shall be measured, and at least 3 points shall be tested in each area. 8.3.3 If there is no specific requirement for the test force, the test force can be 98.07N..8.4 The test results should be treated according to GB 4340. 8.5 Test report The test report shall generally include the following contents: a) The number of this standard; B) Sample marking (such as material specification, material, sample code, etc.). ); C) Test results (including hardness test symbols, hardness values of different areas and schematic diagrams, etc. ) .9 impact test 9. 1 specimen 9. 1. 1 The notch position of the impact specimen on the weld shall conform to GB/T 13 147, GB/T131. The processing requirements of impact samples shall comply with GB/T 229. 9. 1.2 The sampling quantity of each part is generally a group of three. 9. 1.3 The impact specimen shall be sampled at the side close to the matrix surface of the composite steel plate in the thickness direction of the test plate, and the upper surface of the specimen is about 2 mm away from the matrix surface. For samples taken from the center of the weld, no transition layer is allowed. When the standard sample cannot be intercepted, the auxiliary small-size sample can be intercepted. If there are special requirements, the impact sample can be sampled from other parts in the thickness direction. 9. 1.4 The axis of impact specimen should be perpendicular to the welding direction, and the axis of specimen notch should be perpendicular to the surface of test plate. 9. 1.5 The notch type of impact specimen shall be determined according to relevant standards, which is generally consistent with the notch type of matrix impact test. 9.2 Test equipment and test conditions The test equipment shall be regularly verified according to JJG 145 standard, and the test conditions shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 229. 9.3 Test Method 9.3. 1 The test shall be conducted in accordance with GB/T 229. For high and low temperature impact test, the temperature measuring instrument should not only meet the requirements of GB/T 229, but also have a verification certificate. 9.3.2 The test temperature shall be determined according to the requirements of relevant standards or substrate standards. 9.4 Treatment of test results The test results shall be treated according to the relevant provisions of GB/T 229. 9.5 Test report The test report shall generally include the following contents: a) The number of this standard; B) Specimen marking (such as material specification, material, specimen code, specimen location, etc.). ); C) Sample size and incision form; D) test results; E) If necessary, indicate the sampling position in the thickness direction. The State Bureau of Technical Supervision approved the implementation of1997-08-27+0 998-06-01.