Nanostructure is a new system based on nano-scale material units and constructed according to certain rules. It includes nano-array system, mesoporous assembly system and thin film mosaic system. The research of nano-array system mainly focuses on the binary system formed by the orderly arrangement of metal nanoparticles or semiconductor nanoparticles on insulating substrates.
However, due to the characteristics of nanoparticles and some new effects caused by coupling with interface matrix, the assembly system of nanoparticles and mesoporous solids has become a research hotspot. According to the types of carriers, they can be divided into inorganic mesoporous composites and polymer mesoporous composites, and according to the state of carriers, they can be divided into ordered mesoporous composites and disordered mesoporous composites.
In the film mosaic system, the study of nano-particle films is mainly based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the system. American scientists use self-assembly technology to form hundreds of single-walled carbon nanotubes into crystal cable "rope", which has metallic characteristics and room temperature resistivity is less than 0.0001ω/m; Nano-lead triiodide is assembled on nylon-1 1 and has photoconductivity under X-ray irradiation, which lays the foundation for the development of digital radiography.
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Nanometer new material
The formulation of nano-new materials is a nano-new material project created by directly ordering atoms and molecules through natural changes in the space of 100 nm. Nano-new materials and this field are the starting point of modern power and modern technological innovation. The discovery of new laws and principles and the emergence of new ideas provide new opportunities for basic science and will become an important new driving force for reform in many fields. Nano-new material formula has many peculiar properties because of its small size.
1988, Baibich et al. discovered for the first time that the change rate of magnetoresistance in nano-Fe/ Cr MS reached 50%, which was one level larger than that of general me and was negative, so it was called omni-directional GMR. Then, giant ME was found in nano-system, tunnel junction, perovskite structure and granular film. The internal perovskite structure was discovered in 1993. There is a large ME called CMR, and TMR was found in the tunnel junction.
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