Humorous stories in the electronics industry

In the first grade of primary school, I learned the word "electricity" from textbooks. In front of the teacher, I can recite the sentence "How convenient it is to have electricity, but it can't be used up" as a jingle. Later, I took a painting class and was able to draw the general shapes of electric lights and televisions in a crooked way. However, it was when I was in the third grade that the village was really electrified with high voltage. Before that, the villagers had been living by kerosene lamps. Today's younger generation certainly can't figure out how those dark nights and long nights survived. In fact, more than a decade ago or a few years earlier, high-voltage electricity was not connected in rural areas. People use flashlights or lanterns when walking at night, and kerosene lamps are used for lighting at home. Mobil lamp with glass lampshade is commonly used, which is beautiful and can block the wind. They can also make their own money. Most of them drill a hole in the cover of a common rubber jar or medicine bottle, and find some aluminum sheets to wrap the cotton core to make a simple kerosene lamp. At that time, there was a cadre who rang the bell in the township, and our cadres who were in charge of chores were called bell ringers. He did all these trivial things, such as buying food for the canteen, preventing pigs and cows from entering the yard of the neighboring village and helping the projectionist who sent the film to the countryside. Once I came to the village to inform the village chief to attend a meeting. The village head went to the field and sat on a green slate at the entrance of the village. We children are also playing around. Seeing that he took out something that could be pressed at both ends, I played with it for a while, and later I learned that it was actually a light switch. But at that time, we were surprised to see it and dared to ask what it was. He answered us lazily, measured the electricity, and we knew whether there was electricity or not. As he spoke, he pressed the switch and said seriously that there is electricity now. We all think it's amazing and a little timid. Because everyone has always heard some rumors about electrocution, for example, whoever touches a live wire is also a complete person in the eyes of others, but his posture is stiff, and he is like being blown away by the wind and turned into dust. We asked him, then why didn't you get electrocuted? He said, I am an adult. If I can handle it, you can't. You don't have this resistance. With that, he bravado pressed the switch at us, and we were scared to pieces at once. Later, everyone talked about it and was very jealous of such a "weapon." As rural areas, there will still be villages matching power generation. My hometown generates electricity late because the terrain is too biased. Actually, it should be when I finished primary school in the late 1980s. When relatives come to visit, the villagers will be very happy when they ask about power generation. As long as you pull the switch wire, there will be light in every corner of the room, which is not as good as a hundred Mobil lights. But it's not safe to say that you suddenly ran out of electricity when cooking, so you have to find matches and lights. Sometimes there is no foreign oil in the lamp, which will make you in a hurry and burn the dishes. When the villagers heard this, they always laughed and said "ho ho" in their mouths, and they would repay their kindness, finding a little balance in their hearts. At that time, power failure was a very annoying but frequent thing. At that time, rural power supply stations held the power of life and death, not to mention many cows. I once saw people in power supply stations wash their hands with soda water when they went to the countryside. I was extremely envious and impressed. When I was in junior high school, there was a mass riot in the village power supply station. A group of villagers carried poles and smashed all the lights and poles in the power supply station. They questioned the people in the power supply station that there was light during the day and we were working outside. Who wants your electricity? At this time, there is always electricity. I have to cook and eat at night, but there is no electricity or TV at this time. I woke up and the power went out in the middle of the night. Which bodhisattva ghost is this electricity for? It has been such a winter. Can ordinary people have no opinion? When I was in junior high school, I also suffered a power outage. I went to study by myself in the evening. When the power went out, the teacher asked us to buy candles and put one candle on every night. I can't afford to light them. So we all have to sharpen our heads and find ways to turn waste into treasure and save money. At that time, the moisturizing products were not as varied as they are now. Ya Shuang is a high-grade product for working people. Snail shell oil is widely used in rural areas, and it is better to buy a box of Baique antelope, which is called "flour oil" in our dialect. It's a flat iron box, big and small. Children like to collect it, put coins and raise silkworms. Many people order this at school, which is much cheaper than buying candles. Of course, from the perspective of memory, the power outage has also brought us a lot of happiness. It is also during the evening self-study, often in the dark, the whole campus will cheer, shout, clap, whistle and strike the table, and the whole carnival will be held. I'm not afraid of teachers here. Anyway, it's dark and messy, and I can't hear who it is. Some are more serious, and lighting candles will also be blown out by naughty people. Even if you don't say anything in the dark, you can feel the elements of happiness floating in the whole classroom. My teacher also made jokes because of the power failure. There was an exam at night, and suddenly the power went out, so it was a mess. Someone is shouting, copy the book, copy the book. In the darkness, the teacher's voice was flustered. Who dares to copy? I can see who copied it clearly and give him zero at once. Later, we gave our teacher a nickname: Sheriff Black Cat. Probably in the fourth grade of primary school, the village had its first TV set, but there was no electricity to watch what TV? The owner usually likes to study electrical appliances. He thought of using solar energy to generate electricity, and everyone did not know how to operate it. Anyway, listen to him, as long as it's sunny during the day, there will be TV at night. So we look forward to sunny day by day like Brother Xun. There will be sun on sunny day and TV on sunny day. Those hot summer days have become lovely and unusual in the eyes of a group of children. Because of such a big sun, watching TV at night is enough. This hedonistic thought, which only focused on immediate interests, was later reprimanded by adults: "When the weather is fine, which is more important, electricity or stomach?" Dry rice and grain, and you eat dried potatoes. "Later, there were more TVs in the village, but there was no electricity. Some of them bought batteries, some bought chargers, and each used their own relationship to charge high-voltage electricity to relatives in other villages. The length of the TV show depends on how much the battery is charged, so everyone in the village is prepared for danger in times of peace and cherishes electricity like gold. As long as they see news or advertisements during the screening, they immediately unplug and turn off the TV, thinking that it will save a lot of electricity. It has become a tacit practice in the village not to turn on the TV until the feature film is shown. In the winter of the third year, the matter of matchmaking power generation in the village finally came to the fore. The village head held a meeting in the village and came back to convey it to the villagers. The township head patted the table at the township level 3 cadre conference and repeatedly stressed that we should strive to achieve high-voltage electricity in every village in the township by the end of the year. The villagers seemed shocked and said they would accept it, but when the village chief mentioned the money for buying transformers, everyone was silent again. At that time, it was a fashion to recognize relatives on both sides of the strait, and a Taiwan compatriot in a neighboring village also took advantage of this trend to get in touch with his younger brother at home. The neighboring village and our village are not big, and together they are a production team. Naturally, there is business and quantity in doing things. At that time, the whole village regarded Taiwan compatriots as development targets, and the village head came forward to discuss donations with him. Taiwan Province people left home when they were young and have been single in Taiwan Province province. Eldest brother is back, still alone, but he doesn't want his younger brother to have children and grandchildren here. His nephews are on the lookout. They are on the edge of the enemy. According to the meaning of our compatriots in Taiwan Province, we should have donated 10,000 yuan, and we didn't want a few nephews to allude to the problem of providing for the aged. Finally, Taiwan Province compatriots were forced to give in, donating 5,000 yuan and lending 5,000 yuan without interest. Afterwards, the three nephews of Taiwan compatriots are still worried about the money. On the day of bridging the bridge for power generation, they also used this as an excuse to demand that the electricity bill be settled to their home first. They clamored for 5000 yuan, 5000 yuan to buy the first place, and how many people bought a champion in previous years. I went back to my hometown to pay a New Year call to my grandmother and two uncles this year, and also visited Grandpa Hua at my home. Uncle Hua is my father's family. They have the same great grandfather. I have never been married because of my disabled feet, and I have a strange temper, but I have always been partial to me. In high school, I haven't returned to my hometown for several years. Once my father went back and mentioned me in front of him, saying that I had grown so tall. Uncle Hua immediately said proudly, "That goes without saying." It's like he saw it with his own eyes. When my family moved out of my hometown, a newly built building was left unattended. Considering that Uncle Hua's short room was dark and damp, and grateful for his help to my family, my father gave Uncle Hua the right to look after the house, and it was almost ten years in a blink of an eye. In that chat, I saw a plastic bottle with Sprite beside Uncle Hua's bed. The liquid inside is very dark, obviously not Sprite. Uncle Hua smiled mysteriously and asked me if I knew what it was. I smell it. It's a long-lost smell. It turned out that he didn't light the lamp now, so he changed it to a kerosene lamp. He and I compared the cost of electricity and kerosene, and it turned out that lighting kerosene lamps saved more than 100 yuan a year than using electricity. Uncle Hua proudly said, I won't stick my head out to those bastards in the power supply station to do such a thing. When I left, I said goodbye to Uncle Hua. When I went out, he stopped me and let me in. He took out an oiled paper bag from under the cushion of the bed, and took out 40 yuan new money, saying it was a lucky money for me. I feel bad in my heart How could I possibly take his money and refuse it several times? He rolled his eyes and scolded me, "Take it if you want." When I reached out my hand, he said softly, although it is not much, it will always be my heart. Besides, just give it back to me after you come out to work. Said, and he just smiled with Sha Qi's face. There are three important numbers in electricity. The first one, Oster, 1820, gave a lecture one night in April. Oster demonstrated the experiment of current magnetic effect. When the primary battery is connected to the platinum wire, the small magnetic needle near the platinum wire swings. This unremarkable phenomenon did not attract the attention of the audience, but Oster was very excited. He studied it deeply for three months in a row. On July 2 1820, he announced the experiment. Oster connected one end of the wire to the positive electrode of galvani battery, and the wire was placed parallel to the small magnetic needle in the north-south direction. When the other end of the wire is connected to the negative electrode, the magnetic needle immediately points to the east-west direction. Non-magnetic objects such as glass plate, sawdust and stone are inserted between the wire and the magnetic needle, even if the small magnetic needle is immersed in a copper box filled with water, the magnetic needle will still deflect. Oster believes that there is a "current surge" around the live wire. This impact can only act on magnetic particles, but it can pass through non-magnetic objects. When magnetic substances or particles are impacted, they are prevented from passing through, so they are driven to deflect. When the wire is placed under the magnetic needle, the small magnetic needle deflects in the opposite direction; If the wire is placed horizontally in the east-west direction, the magnetic needle will always remain stationary regardless of whether the wire is placed above or below the magnetic needle. He believes that the current shock propagates along the spiral line with the wire as the axis, and the thread direction is perpendicular to the axis. This is a description of the lateral effect of the image. Although Oster's explanation of magnetic effect is not completely correct, it does not affect the great significance of this experiment. It is proved that electricity and magnetic energy are mutually transformed, which lays the foundation for the development of electromagnetism. Faraday's second story Faraday Faraday was born in a very poor blacksmith's house. His father was poor, and little Faraday grew up hungry. He later recalled that sometimes his parents only gave him a loaf of bread a week. Poor as this, Faraday certainly didn't go to school. He has been a page boy and a newsboy since he was a child. 13 years old, apprenticed in a bookstore. At that time, books, periodicals and newspapers were all luxuries. Little Faraday specially delivers newspapers to subscribers and runs from house to house after delivery. Later, I began to learn binding and read books after binding. Faraday once bound a book called Chemical Dialogue. He was fascinated by the book, bought medicine with the only money he had, and began to do experiments according to the words in the book. From then on, he became interested in science. Faraday read more and more books, so he used waste paper to make notebooks, extracted all kinds of materials, and sometimes accompanied by illustrations in his notes. He learned a lot about electricity from the Encyclopedia Britannica. Later, Faraday went to listen to the popular science report of the famous scientist David and presented the notebook to David. On the recommendation of David, Faraday became an assistant in the laboratory of the Royal Society, and Faraday embarked on the road of scientific research. At that time, scientists thought that since electric current could generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field should also generate electricity. However, David and Faraday have studied 10 years, but they have not found a way to generate electricity by using magnetic field. Even so, Faraday is not discouraged, and he is confident of making a breakthrough in magnetic energy power generation. 183 1 In August, Faraday made a new device. He wound a circle of copper wire on half of an iron ring with a diameter of 6 inches and connected it to an ammeter. The other half of the iron ring is also wound with a set of coils, and then connected to the power supply. "Close the door!" Faraday saw the pointer of the ammeter swinging. However, when he looked again, the pointer of the ammeter pointed to zero again. Why? Faraday decided to turn off the power and do the experiment again. Who knows, when the power is turned off, the pointer shakes again, but this time it is in the opposite direction. Faraday always hoped that the second coil would generate a continuous current, but the experimental results always "induced" the current only at the moment of switching. Faraday is good at thinking as well as experimenting. He thinks that current should be induced by a moving magnetic field. So, he put a strip magnet * * * hollow coil, and the pointer on the galvanometer swung, and the magnet finally generated electricity. After Faraday became famous, countries around the world awarded him 94 honorary titles, but he said, "I admit that these honors are valuable, but I have never worked hard for them." "Scientists should not be admirers of individuals, but should be admirers of things. Seeking truth should be his only goal. " Third Edison Eddie started his hard life at the age of 12. He worked as a newspaper boy on the train, learned the technology of delivering newspapers, and went to Boston and new york. It was not until he was 24 years old that he had his own factory and a happy family. Edison announced in 1878 that he would invent a safe electric lamp with soft light and low price. In order to find a suitable filament, Edison tried boron, ruthenium, chromium, carbon and various metal alloys, *** 1600 materials, which lasted 13 months, but all failed. Someone blew a cold wind and said that Edison "ate something that could not be chewed" this time. A physicist who once worked for Edison called this experiment "looking for a needle in a haystack". However, Edison was not afraid of failure, insisted on the experiment and made up his mind to fish out a needle from the sea. Where there is a will, there is a way. 1879 65438+1October 10 At 5 pm on Sunday, Edison lit the light bulb with carbonized cotton thread. He personally observed and recorded it. This time, the light bulb is bright and stable, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, ... The light bulb is always on. From 19 and 20 to 2 1, no one went to rest. Until 2 1 2 pm, Edison asked his assistant to raise the voltage a little, and the light bulb was brighter at the 45th hour. After a few minutes, the filament finally burned out. The New York Herald Tribune reported the success of the light bulb experiment in a full page. Edison got all the patents, and it is recognized that he invented the incandescent lamp. /kloc-On New Year's Eve in 0/879, Edison lit 60 light bulbs and hung them in Monroe Park. It was snowing heavily, and more than 3000 people came to visit it. Edison was a pragmatic man. His motto is: "I seek what human beings need, and then I will take a step forward and try to invent it." Some people say that invention is the product of fate and Edison is a genius. Edison sighed and said, "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration!" " When someone asked him how he persisted in inventing the light bulb after 654.38 million failures, he said that he had never failed in this process; On the contrary, he found 6.5438+0 million invalid methods. The 3,400 notes he wrote in his life recorded the inventive ideas and experiments in detail, which is a strong evidence of this passage. When Edison was 77 years old, someone asked him, "When will you retire?" He blurted out, "The day before my funeral!" Once, someone asked Edison half jokingly, "Do you agree to give science ten annual holidays?" Edison replied seriously: "Science will never take a day off. It has been working every minute for hundreds of millions of years, and it will continue to work like this. " Indeed, Edison fulfilled his promise. He is over 80 years old. In order to "make more inventions", he is still working diligently to extract latex from weeds in his country. And Thomson is also an important person. He discovered electronics, but he has more professional knowledge about it//cnysgz/ygjy/ygwl/articleshow.asp? China is an ancient civilization in the world. Due to the needs of life and production, the investigation began very early. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a quarter calendar was compiled, with 365.25 days a year, which was the same as the julian calendar adopted by the Romans, but four or five hundred years earlier. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the first month of the lunar calendar measured by Zu Chongzhi was 29.530588 days, which was only 0.3 seconds different from the value adopted today. The calendar compiled by Yang Zhongfu in Song Dynasty is 365.2425 days a year, which is only 26 seconds less than the modern value. The reason why such accurate data can be obtained lies in the creation of the armillary sphere in the fourth century BC, which is used to determine the coordinates of celestial bodies, such as declination and declination (equivalent to the right ascension difference and 90 in the modern equatorial coordinate system). -Chiwei) In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng improved the armillary sphere and wrote Notes on the Armament. In Yuan Dynasty, Guo Shoujing improved the armillary sphere into a simple instrument. Instruments used for astronomical observation include ghost fish, watches and complex moments. Instruments used for timing include clepsydra and sundial. In the aspect of map surveying and mapping, emperors of all dynasties attached great importance to it because of the need of marching operations. At present, the earliest recorded ancient map is the topographic map near the city site of Luoyi in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Maps were widely used in the Zhou Dynasty, and the division of labor among officials in charge of maps was very fine. The earliest ancient map that can be seen now is the Map of the Warring States and Troops in Changsha, which was unearthed from Mawangdui No.3 Tomb in Changsha in BC 168. There are mountains, rivers, residential areas, roads and military elements on the map. During the Western Jin Dynasty, Pei Xiu compiled the Map of Gong Yu Area and the Map of the Abbot, and established the theory of map compilation-painting six bodies. Since then, various maps have been compiled, among which the famous ones are: The Wooden Abbot Map created by Xie Zhuang in the Northern and Southern Dynasties; Jia Dan's Longyou in Guanzhong and Jiuzhou in Shannan and Haihua Yitu in Tang Dynasty; Gu Xia in the Northern Song Dynasty; Stone carvings "Hua Yi Tu" and "Yu Ji Tu" in the Southern Song Dynasty (now preserved in Xi Beilin); The map drawn by Zhu Siben in Yuan Dynasty; Mindeiro Hong Xian's "Guang Yu Tu" (equivalent to a modern atlas drawn with different frames); Zheng He's nautical chart drawn by Zheng He in Ming Dynasty; Panorama of the Palace drawn during the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty; 1934, a new map of the Republic of China published by Shanghai Declaration Museum, etc. The ability to draw high-level maps in past dynasties in China is related to the development of surveying and mapping technology. In ancient China, the tools for measuring the length were vertical rods, measuring ropes (common baskets, cloud baskets and average heights), walking bicycles and drum carts in the mind; The instruments and tools for measuring elevation are torque and level (level); The instruments for measuring the direction are binoculars and compasses (Sina, a guiding tool made of natural magnets in the Warring States period, and a compass made of artificial magnets appeared in the Song Dynasty). The development of measurement technology is closely related to mathematical knowledge. Similar triangles have been used to measure in Zhou Kuai Shu Jing and Nine Chapters Arithmetic in BC. During the Three Kingdoms period, Ren Wei Liu Wei's "Archipelago Calculation Classic" introduced an example of using a pole to measure twice, three times or even four times to solve the height of the mountain and the width of the river, which greatly promoted the development of measurement technology. In addition to compiling calendars and mapping maps, China's surveying and mapping achievements in ancient times also include: in the Tang Dynasty, under the auspices of monks and their party, the distance from Henan Baima to Shangcai via Junyi and Fugou and the height of the North Pole were measured, and the noon arc length was 132.438+0 km, which contributed to the correct understanding of the earth for mankind. Shen Kuo discovered the magnetic declination in Mengqianbitan in the Northern Song Dynasty. Guo Shoujing was the first person in history to use the concept of "altitude" when drawing the topographic map of the Yellow River Basin in Yuan Dynasty. As a unified scale, the Qing Dynasty stipulated that 200 Li should be combined with the meridian 1 on the earth. The arc length of, that is, one hundredth of a second per foot of meridian, one foot is equal to 0.3 17m. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China's surveying and mapping industry has made great progress. Established and unified the national coordinate system and height system; Established the geodetic control network, national leveling network, basic gravity network and satellite Doppler network all over the country; Completed the overall adjustment of national geodetic network and leveling network; Completed the mapping of the national basic map; Completed the survey of the geographical position and elevation of Mount Everest and Antarctic Great Wall Station; A lot of surveying and mapping work has been carried out in cooperation with the national economic construction, such as the precise lofting and equipment installation survey of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Baoshan Iron and Steel Plant and Beijing Electron Positron Collider. More than 1600 kinds of maps have been published, with a circulation of over 1 1 100 million copies. In the manufacturing of surveying and mapping instruments, from scratch, we can not only produce a series of optical measuring instruments, but also successfully develop various advanced instruments such as photoelectric rangefinder, satellite laser rangefinder and analytical mapper. In the training of surveying and mapping talents, tens of thousands of various surveying and mapping technicians have been trained, which has greatly improved the level of surveying and mapping technology in China. Especially in recent years, China's surveying and mapping technology has developed faster. For example, gps global positioning system has been widely used, and the national gps geodetic network will be built soon. In terms of geographic information system, China's first practical electronic map system (named the State Council National Geographic Information System) has been built and put into use in the the State Council Standing Conference Room. This shows that China's current level of surveying and mapping technology, although there is still a certain gap compared with the international advanced level, can quickly catch up with and surpass the international level of surveying and mapping technology as long as we make great efforts to strengthen ourselves. Baidu Maps