Opinions of the State Council on Several Policies and Measures to Vigorously Promote Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Guofa [2015] No. 32
The People’s Governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the State Council Ministries and commissions, and agencies directly under them:
Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation is the source of power for development. It is also a way to enrich the people, a fair way, and a strong country. It is also important for promoting economic structural adjustment and creating new development prospects. It is of great significance to create an engine, enhance new impetus for development, and follow the path of innovation-driven development. It is a major measure to stabilize growth, expand employment, stimulate the wisdom and creativity of hundreds of millions of people, and promote vertical social mobility, fairness and justice. According to the deployment of the 2015 "Government Work Report", in order to reform and improve relevant systems and mechanisms, build an inclusive policy support system, promote the capital chain to guide the entrepreneurship and innovation chain, the entrepreneurship and innovation chain to support the industrial chain, and the industrial chain to drive the employment chain, the following opinions are hereby put forward .
1. Fully understand the importance of promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation
——Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation is an inevitable choice to cultivate and generate new driving forces for economic and social development. As my country's resource and environmental constraints are increasingly tightened, the scale driving force of factors has gradually weakened. The traditional high-input, high-consumption, extensive development model is unsustainable. Economic development has entered a new normal and needs to shift from factor-driven and investment-driven to innovation-driven. To promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, we need to eliminate various institutional constraints and shackles that are not conducive to the development of entrepreneurship and innovation through structural reforms and institutional innovation, and support various market entities to continuously open new enterprises, develop new products, and explore new markets. Cultivate emerging industries, form a development pattern in which small enterprises are "overwhelming" and large enterprises are "domestic", achieve innovation-driven development, create new engines and form new driving forces.
——Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation is a fundamental measure to expand employment and enrich the people. Our country has a population of more than 1.3 billion and a labor force of more than 900 million. Every year, there are a large number of college graduates, rural migrant laborers, people in need in urban areas, and retired military personnel. The potential for converting human resources into human capital is huge, but the total number of employment is under great pressure and the structure Sexual conflicts are highlighted. Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation means transforming government functions, building a service-oriented government, and creating an entrepreneurial environment with fair competition, so that scientific and technological personnel, college graduates, migrant workers, veterans, and unemployed people with dreams, willingness, and ability can Various market entrepreneurial entities such as personnel are "like a fish in water". They can increase income through entrepreneurship, make more people rich, promote the adjustment of income distribution structure, and achieve positive interactive development in which innovation supports entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship drives employment.
——Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation is an effective way to stimulate the innovation potential and entrepreneurial vitality of the whole society. At present, the concept of entrepreneurship and innovation in my country has not been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the entrepreneurship education and training system is not yet complete, the ability to be good at creativity and the courage to start a business is insufficient, and a good environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure has not yet been formed. To promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, we need to strengthen entrepreneurship education with innovation as the core in the whole society, promote the entrepreneurial spirit of "dare to be the first, pursue innovation, and persevere", cultivate an innovation culture, continuously enhance the awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation, and make entrepreneurship and innovation It has become the common value pursuit and behavioral habit of the whole society.
II. General Idea
In accordance with the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout, adhere to reform promotion, accelerate the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy, and give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and more We should give full play to the role of the government, increase the level of streamlining administration and delegating power, relax policies, liberalize the market, and free up entities to create a good atmosphere conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation, so that thousands of entrepreneurs can become active and form a huge driving force for economic and social development. . We will continue to improve systems and mechanisms, improve inclusive policies and measures, strengthen overall planning and coordination, and build a policy environment, institutional environment and public service system that is conducive to the vigorous development of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, so as to use entrepreneurship to drive employment and innovation to promote development.
——Insist on deepening reform and create an entrepreneurial environment.
Accelerate the establishment of the National Emerging Industry Venture Investment Guidance Fund and the National Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Development Fund, and gradually establish a market-oriented long-term operation mechanism to support entrepreneurial innovation and the development of emerging industries. Develop new models such as joint investment and explore the establishment of risk compensation mechanisms. Encourage local governments to establish and improve entrepreneurial investment guidance funds. Strengthen venture capital legislation and improve policies and regulations to promote angel investment. Promote the coordinated linkage of the National Emerging Industry Venture Capital Guidance Fund, the Science and Technology Small and Medium Enterprises Venture Capital Guidance Fund, the National Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Guidance Fund, and the National Small and Medium Enterprises Development Fund. Promote the construction of venture capital industry associations and strengthen industry self-discipline.
(12) Expand the supply channels for venture capital funds. Accelerate the implementation of the three-year action plan for "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" in emerging industries, establish a number of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" demonstration bases for emerging industries, and guide social funds to support mass entrepreneurship. Promote commercial banks to establish market-oriented long-term cooperation with venture capital institutions on the premise of legal compliance and risk isolation. Further lower the threshold for commercial insurance funds to enter entrepreneurial investment. Promote the development of new models such as investment-loan linkage, investment-insurance linkage, and investment-bond linkage, and continuously increase financing support for entrepreneurial and innovative enterprises.
(13) Develop state-owned capital venture capital investment. Study and formulate systematic policies and measures to encourage state-owned capital to participate in venture capital investment, and improve the incentive and restraint mechanisms, supervision and management mechanisms of state-owned venture capital institutions. Guide and encourage central enterprises and other state-owned enterprises to participate in emerging industry venture capital funds, establish state-owned capital venture capital funds, etc., and give full play to the role of state-owned capital in entrepreneurship and innovation. Study and improve the exemption policy for the transfer of state-owned shares of state-owned venture capital institutions.
(14) Promote the "bringing in" and "going out" of venture capital. We should promptly revise the relevant management regulations for foreign-invested venture capital enterprises, relax foreign investment access in accordance with the consistent management principles of domestic and foreign capital, improve the management system of foreign-funded venture capital institutions, simplify management procedures, and encourage foreign capital to carry out venture capital business. Relax investment restrictions on foreign venture capital funds and encourage the development of Sino-foreign joint venture investment institutions. Guide and encourage venture capital institutions to increase investment in overseas high-end R&D projects and actively share overseas high-end technological achievements. Improve overseas investment management of venture capital based on investment fields, purposes, and scale of raised funds.
7. Develop entrepreneurial services and build an entrepreneurial ecosystem
(15) Accelerate the development of entrepreneurial incubation services. Vigorously develop new incubators such as innovation workshops and garage coffee, make maker spaces bigger and stronger, and improve entrepreneurial incubation services. Guide and encourage the combination of various entrepreneurial incubators with angel investment and venture capital to improve investment and financing models. Guide and promote the combination of entrepreneurial incubation and the transfer of technological achievements from universities, scientific research institutes, etc., and improve technical support services. Guide and encourage domestic capital to cooperate with overseas companies to establish new entrepreneurial incubation platforms, introduce advanced overseas entrepreneurial incubation models, and enhance incubation capabilities.
(16) Vigorously develop third-party professional services. Accelerate the development of third-party professional services such as enterprise management, financial consulting, marketing, human resources, legal counsel, intellectual property, inspection and testing, modern logistics, etc., and continuously enrich and improve entrepreneurial services.
(17) Develop "Internet" entrepreneurial services. Accelerate the development of the "Internet" entrepreneurial network system, build a number of small and micro enterprise entrepreneurship and innovation bases, promote the combination of entrepreneurship and innovation, entrepreneurship and employment, online and offline, and reduce the threshold and cost of entrepreneurship for the whole society. Strengthen the openness and sharing of government data, and promote large Internet companies and basic telecommunications companies to open computing, storage and data resources to entrepreneurs. Actively promote new R&D organizational models and entrepreneurial innovation models such as crowdsourcing, user participation in design, and cloud design.
(18) Research and explore new public service models such as entrepreneurship vouchers and innovation vouchers. Where conditions permit, continue to explore ways to provide entrepreneurs and innovative enterprises with social training, management consulting, inspection and testing, software development, R&D and design and other services through entrepreneurial vouchers, innovation vouchers, etc., establish and standardize relevant management systems and operating mechanisms, and gradually form Experience that can be replicated and promoted.
8. Build an entrepreneurship and innovation platform and enhance the supporting role
(19) Build a public platform for entrepreneurship and innovation.
Guide and encourage local governments to provide one-time start-up capital for high-end talents who return to China to start businesses and high-end overseas talents who come to China to establish high-tech enterprises, and improve relevant measures in terms of spouse employment, children's schooling, medical care, housing, social security, etc. Strengthen the construction of offshore entrepreneurial bases for overseas scientific and technological talents and introduce more foreign entrepreneurial and innovative resources into the country.
10. Expand urban and rural entrepreneurship channels and realize entrepreneurship to drive employment
(25) Support the extension of e-commerce to the grassroots level. Guide and encourage the development of market-oriented online merchant entrepreneurship platforms that integrate office services, investment and financing support, entrepreneurial guidance, and channel development. Encourage leading enterprises to establish e-commerce transaction service platforms, commodity distribution platforms and logistics centers based on rural characteristics, and promote rural entrepreneurship based on the Internet. Encourage third-party e-commerce trading platform channels to sink, and drive urban and rural grassroots entrepreneurs to start businesses relying on their platforms and business networks. Improve relevant measures that are beneficial to the development of small and medium-sized online merchants, and support the development of financing and loan businesses for small and medium-sized online merchants on the premise of controllable risks and sustainable business.
(26) Support the clustered development of entrepreneurship returned to their hometowns. Combining the characteristics of urban and rural areas, establish a market-competitive collaborative entrepreneurship model and form a unique entrepreneurial alliance for returnees. Guide returning entrepreneurs to integrate into specialized professional markets and create entrepreneurial clusters and advantageous industrial clusters with regional characteristics. We will deepen the implementation of the rural youth entrepreneurship action to enrich the people, support returning entrepreneurs to start businesses based on local conditions, focusing on leisure agriculture, deep processing of agricultural products, rural tourism, rural service industries, etc., and improve the development environment for new agricultural business entities such as family farms.
(27) Improve grassroots entrepreneurship support services. Strengthen the construction of social security, housing, education, medical and other public service systems for urban and rural grassroots entrepreneurs, and improve the cross-regional entrepreneurial transfer and continuity system. Improve the vocational skills training system, strengthen remote public welfare entrepreneurship training, and enhance the entrepreneurial capabilities of grassroots entrepreneurs. Guide and encourage small and medium-sized financial institutions to carry out financial product innovation for grassroots entrepreneurship and innovation, give full play to the advantages of community geography and soft environment, and support community entrepreneurs to start their own businesses. Guide and encourage industry leading enterprises and large logistics enterprises to leverage their advantages, expand rural information resources, logistics warehousing and other technology and service networks, and provide support for grassroots entrepreneurship.
11. Strengthen overall planning and coordination and improve coordination mechanisms
(28) Strengthen organizational leadership. Establish an inter-ministerial joint meeting system for promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, led by the National Development and Reform Commission, to strengthen top-level design and overall coordination. All regions and departments must base themselves on reform and innovation, adhere to demand orientation, fundamentally solve various institutional and institutional problems faced in entrepreneurship and innovation, and jointly promote the vigorous development of mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Major matters must be reported to the State Council in a timely manner.
(29) Strengthen policy coordination and linkage. Establish policy coordination and linkage mechanisms between departments and between departments and localities to form a strong synergy. All regions and departments must systematically sort out the various policies and measures that have been released to support the development of entrepreneurship and innovation, and promptly promote the work of "establishment, reform, and abolition", and change the support method for start-up enterprises from selection and distribution to inclusive. , leading transformation. Establish and improve the coordination and review system for entrepreneurship and innovation policies to enhance the inclusiveness, coherence and synergy of policies.
(30) Strengthen supervision of policy implementation. Accelerate the establishment of a supervision and supervision mechanism for the implementation of inclusive policies and measures related to promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, establish and improve the policy implementation evaluation system and notification system, and make every effort to bridge the "first mile" of decision-making and deployment and the "last mile" of policy implementation. kilometers” to ensure that various policies and measures take root.
All regions and departments should further unify their ideological understanding, attach great importance to and conscientiously implement the requirements of this opinion, clarify the division of tasks and implement work responsibilities based on the actual conditions of the region and department, take the initiative and dare to take responsibility , actively research and solve new problems, promptly summarize and promote experience and practices, increase publicity, strengthen public opinion guidance, promote the implementation of various policies and measures determined in this opinion, continuously expand the space for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and gather new momentum for economic and social development , to promote my country's economy to maintain medium-to-high-speed growth and move towards a medium-to-high-end level.
State Council
June 11, 2015
Extended reading: How to buy insurance, which one is better, and step-by-step instructions to avoid these "pitfalls" of insurance