RDH seasoning:
Patented technology, RDH dressing was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2003 for hemostasis treatment of severe trauma. RDH dressing with the trademark HemCon has been equipped in the US military on the battlefield in Iraq for emergency treatment of battlefield bleeding. RDH dressing has good plasticity and compliance, and can firmly adhere to the wound, seal the wound and stop bleeding. This dressing is easy to apply and has a long shelf life, and does not need to be mixed.
The mechanism of hemostasis is mainly to make blood vessels contracture. After RDH dressing comes into contact with blood, a large number of red blood cells gather on its surface, which further promotes vasoconstriction. However, its use is limited and it can only be applied to the parts above the chest and abdomen.
FD dressing:
Developed jointly by the American Red Cross and the military, the main ingredients are derived from human blood products. It consists of human fibrinogen, purified human thrombin, coagulation factor XII, calcium chloride, etc. Hemostasis mechanism is to provide exogenous substrate for coagulation reaction. All components of FD dressing can be absorbed, and it can be used in any part of the body, including body cavity surgery. The hemostatic effect is exact and stable, but the cost is not high. The price is 800- 100 USD. The source of ingredients, the technical problem of microbial inactivation and the high price limit the application prospect of FD dressing. At present, it has not been widely used internationally.
Zeolite accessories:
In May 2002, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the application license of zeolite hemostatic on body surface, and the US military conducted experimental application of zeolite hemostatic in Afghanistan and Iraq, and approved the formal equipment of zeolite hemostatic in the navy. The equipment standard is to equip each soldier with two packs of 3.5 ounces of zeolite hemostatic agent for the first aid of massive bleeding that cannot be controlled by traditional hemostasis measures.
However, zeolite hemostatic dressing will produce exothermic reaction when it is used, and the highest temperature can reach 44 degrees, which will cause serious thermal damage and burns to injured tissues, thus limiting the further promotion and use of this kind of auxiliary materials.
Chitosan excipients:
It is an auxiliary material extracted and processed from crustacean shells. Patented technology, passed the FDA certification in 2006. Its trade name is CELOX. The biggest feature of this product is that the wound position is not limited, and it can be used safely all over the body, such as head, neck, chest and abdomen. It is effective for heparinized blood, and its mechanism of action does not depend on coagulation factors in blood. Celox does not release heat, does not cause burns, and has no restrictions on storage conditions.
To sum up, the above four excipients are all effective in the treatment of great vascular hemorrhage, but the use of RDH excipients (trade name HEMKON) is limited by the use site and is only used above the chest and abdomen; FD accessories have not been widely used in China because of their high price. Zeolite fittings will produce exothermic reaction when used, which limits the further promotion and use of this kind of fittings.
CELOX hemostatic products overcome some of the above shortcomings, and the application site is not limited, and it will not cause burns to the body, and it was certified by FDA in 2006.
I heard that Changsha Presling Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. sells it. You can consult them.