1882, liddell, an Englishman, bought American-made power generation equipment and founded the first power plant in China at the north point of Nanjing Road, Jiangxi Road (now East China Electric Power Administration), and connected 15 lights in series along the Bund. At night, the dazzling arc lamp attracted hundreds of people to watch.
In the 1950s, on Gulangyu Island, as long as the lights were dimmed and turned on, people knew that it was 8 o'clock every night.
Extended data:
First, the development history of electric light
The earliest practical electric lamp was incandescent lamp, but before the birth of incandescent lamp, an Englishman Humphrey David made an arc lamp with 2000 batteries and two carbon rods, but this kind of arc lamp was too bright, generated too much heat and was not durable, so it could not be used in ordinary places.
1854, Henry Gaubert, a German watchmaker who immigrated to the United States, made the first practical electric lamp with carbonized bamboo wire in a vacuum glass bottle, which lasted for 400 hours, but he did not apply for a patent in time.
1860, joseph swan, an Englishman, also made a carbon filament lamp, but he failed to obtain a good vacuum environment to make the carbon filament work for a long time.
It was not until 1878 that the vacuum technology in Britain developed to the required level that he invented a light bulb powered by carbon wire under vacuum and obtained a British patent. Swan's own house is the first private house with electricity lighting in Britain.
1874, two electrical technicians in Canada applied for a patent for electric light: nitrogen was filled under a glass bulb and charged carbon rods were used to emit light, but they did not have enough financial resources to continue to improve this invention, so they sold the patent to Edison in 1875.
Edison tried to improve the filament after purchasing the patent, and finally made a carbonized bamboo filament lamp that could last for 1200 hours in 1880.
However, after the US Patent Office ruled that Edison invented the carbon filament incandescent lamp, the patent was invalid. After years of litigation, Henry Goebbels won the patent, and finally Edison bought the patent from Goebbels poor widow.
In Britain, Swan accused Edison of patent infringement. Later, they settled out of court and set up a joint venture company in Britain on 1883. Swan later sold his shares and patents to Edison.
At the beginning of the 20th century, carbonized filament was replaced by tungsten filament, and tungsten filament incandescent lamp is still in use today.
1938, the fluorescent lamp was born. 1998 white LED lamp was born.
Second, the invention project
"Gravity lamp" relies on gravity to generate electricity, and its brightness is equivalent to that of a 12 watt fluorescent lamp, so it has a long service life.
Clay Morton, from Virginia, USA, received his master's degree from Virginia Tech. His research topic is a kind of lamp made of light-emitting diodes.
This lamp, called "Gravia", is actually a cylinder slightly higher than 4 feet (about 1.2 1 m) and is made of acrylic material. The luminous principle of this lamp is that the heavy objects on the lamp drive the rotor to rotate when it falls slowly, and the electric energy generated by the rotation will electrify the lamp and make it shine.
The luminous flux of this lamp is 600 to 800 lumens (equivalent to the brightness of 12 watt fluorescent lamp) for 4 hours. To turn on the lamp, the operator only needs to move the weight on the lamp from the bottom to the top and put it in the groove at the top. It only takes a few seconds for the weight to slowly descend, and the LED light will be on.
Clay Morton said that operating this light is certainly more troublesome than pressing the switch, but it is still acceptable and more interesting, just like winding a classical clock or leisurely making a delicious cup of coffee.
Morton estimated that the service life of Gravia lamps can reach more than 200 years. This lamp named "Gravia" has been applied for and patented.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-electric light