2. Ocean development refers to the activities of resource development and space utilization of the ocean and its surrounding environment (atmosphere, coast, seabed, etc.). ).) Through ocean development, human beings have transformed the potential value of the ocean into actual value, creating conditions for human survival and development. According to the nature of marine resources and marine environment, marine development activities can be divided into marine biological resources development, seabed mineral resources development, seawater chemical resources development, marine renewable energy development, marine space utilization and marine environmental protection.
1. Study on solid production adjustment mechanism of offshore gas hydrate exploitation process
Natural gas hydrate is a kind of clean energy with great potential, and accurately describing the mechanism of heat and mass transfer in reservoirs is a frontier scientific and technological problem for safe and efficient exploitation of natural gas hydrate. In 2020, Chinese researchers established the fractal theory of seepage and sand production control theory of natural gas hydrate reservoirs, revealed the coupling mechanism of gas-water-sand production law that restricts the long-term exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate, achieved a major breakthrough in the basic theory of heat and mass transfer in the exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate, and published more than 0 academic papers 10 in top international journals. The breakthrough of basic theory has effectively guided the technological innovation of natural gas hydrate exploitation, formed the precise control technology of solid production in the exploitation reservoir, and constructed a new method system of green exploitation of natural gas hydrate, which integrates the exploitation efficiency, environmental effect and engineering geological risk, and obtained international authorized patents 14 (including 5 American patents) and national invention patents 18.
2. Study on coupling mechanism and flux of carbon and nitrogen cycle driven by deep-sea microorganisms.
Deep sea is the main place for organic carbon remineralization and long-term carbon storage. So far, scientists know little about the mechanism and flux of material and energy circulation in deep-sea systems. The core problem is that the organic matter deposited in the transparent layer of the ocean can not meet the carbon and energy needs of deep-sea microorganisms. This means that there are more energy sources and metabolic patterns that have not yet been recognized. This study answers this question from two aspects: dark carbon fixation of deep-sea microorganisms and lateral transport and carbon supply caused by ocean dynamic processes. Through multi-disciplinary field observation and simulation, combined with physiological experiments and deep-sea steady-state nitrogen cycle model, the coupling mechanism of two-step nitrification and carbon fixation was revealed, and the coupling measurement relationship of carbon and nitrogen was established, which quantified the contribution and influence of nitrification process to deep-sea biosphere and global ocean carbon cycle, and quantified the significant contribution of particulate matter transported laterally by continental shelf to deep-sea carbon demand for the first time.