On June 9, the official website of the Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission released the full text of the "Shenzhen Municipality's Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035" (hereinafter referred to as the "Planning Outline").
The full text of the "Planning Outline" is more than 66,000 words, divided into 10 parts and 19 chapters, detailing Shenzhen's economic and social development in the next five, 10 or even 15 years.
In 2020, Shenzhen’s GDP was 2.77 trillion yuan, ranking fifth among Asian cities, and this value exceeded Shenzhen’s previous target of 2.6 trillion yuan set in the “13th Five-Year Plan” Target.
By 2025, Shenzhen’s total economic volume is expected to exceed 4 trillion yuan, which means that in the next five years, Shenzhen’s average annual nominal GDP growth rate needs to reach about 7.6.
Looking forward to 2035, Shenzhen will be built into a creative city of innovation and entrepreneurship with global influence, become a model city for my country to build a powerful socialist modern country, and take the lead in realizing socialist modernization. Become a high-quality development highland, the city's comprehensive economic competitiveness leads the world, and the economic aggregate and per capita regional GDP will double on the basis of 2020.
The development plans in some specific areas during the "14th Five-Year Plan" have also attracted much attention, such as: promoting the expansion of the Qianhai-Shekou Free Trade Zone; promoting the establishment of new ports in Qianhai, Dapeng, etc.; exploring the use of collective Build rental housing on construction land and idle land owned by enterprises and institutions; promote capital market reform, restore the listing function of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange’s main board, launch Shenzhen stock index futures, and continuously enrich the stock index futures product system.
The per capita GDP of the "14th Five-Year Plan" may exceed US$30,000
In December 2020, Shenzhen released the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline recommendations. This time, Shenzhen's " The 14th Five-Year Plan outline adopts the expected indicator of the total economic volume exceeding 4 trillion yuan in 2025 as previously recommended.
In addition, Shenzhen has also added a new specific indicator that per capita GDP is expected to reach 215,000 yuan in 2025. If roughly converted according to the current exchange rate level, Shenzhen's per capita GDP will exceed the US$30,000 mark.
According to the latest Seventh Census data, Shenzhen’s permanent population reached 17.56 million. According to rough calculations of GDP and population data in 2020, Shenzhen's per capita GDP is about 157,600 yuan. Among domestic cities, Shenzhen ranks at the forefront. However, compared with the level of per capita GDP of more than 200,000 yuan in 2019, Shenzhen is in this indicator. has declined.
In the view of observers, this does not mean that Shenzhen’s competitiveness has declined, but that it has returned to a more accurate value, providing a better basis for Shenzhen to formulate development goals and economic policies.
In addition to per capita GDP, Shenzhen has also included the growth of total labor productivity into the "14th Five-Year Plan" indicators. By 2025, Shenzhen's average annual total labor productivity is expected to grow by 5.
The improvement of per capita GDP and overall labor productivity depends on the improvement of workers' quality, management and technology. Setting these two indicators reflects that Shenzhen not only pursues economic aggregate, but also emphasizes the quality of economic growth, and technology will remain the biggest driving force for high-quality economic development in Shenzhen.
The "Planning Outline" puts forward many innovation-related goals. By 2025, the total social R&D investment will account for about 5% of the regional GDP; the added value of strategic emerging industries will exceed 1.5 trillion yuan. Original innovation capabilities have been greatly improved, and important breakthroughs have been made in key core technologies; the added value of the core industries of the digital economy accounts for 31% of GDP; the number of high-value invention patents per 10,000 people has reached 108.
It is not difficult to see from these indicators that Shenzhen must not only focus on the development of the science and technology innovation industry, but also emphasize original innovation and science-driven development in order to plan for long-term development potential.
Guo Wanda, executive vice president of the China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, told the 21st Century Business Herald reporter that with Shenzhen’s current development, some companies have taken the lead in entering the “no man’s land”, which requires Original science must also move forward.
Moreover, as the core engine of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the main base of the fourth comprehensive national science center, Shenzhen is also a mission entrusted by the state to enhance original innovation capabilities.
Multiple measures to solve housing problems
While pursuing economic development, Shenzhen has paid special attention to solving people's livelihood problems in recent years, and among many people's livelihood problems, housing has received the most attention.
The "Planning Outline" proposes to promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. Adhere to the positioning of "houses are for living in, not for speculation", strengthen commercial housing construction and transaction management, and establish a reasonable price guidance mechanism for second-hand housing. Establish a land reserve for commercial housing and increase the supply of commercial housing.
Since last year, Shenzhen has significantly increased the supply of residential land. The calculated supply of residential land has nearly doubled compared with 2019, and the proportion has increased from 12.5 to 24.4; judging from the completion situation, in 2020 The annual actual residential land supply reached 362.8 hectares, and the completion rate reached 123.7.
In 2021, Shenzhen plans to supply 363.3 hectares of residential land, accounting for 32.2% of the total planned land supply. The supply of residential land continues to remain at a high level.
In the view of Song Ding, deputy director of the China Urban Economic Expert Committee, the large-scale and continuous supply of residential land means that the policy focus has shifted from the demand side to the supply side for many years. This is a major change in the real estate field in Shenzhen. A revolutionary move.
The "Planning Outline" also makes special arrangements for the development of the rental housing market, proposing that renters and purchasers of housing will gradually have equal rights to enjoy public services. Promote land supply to tilt towards the construction of rental housing, formulate separate land plans for rental housing, and explore the use of collective construction land and idle land owned by enterprises and institutions to build rental housing. Rectify the rental market order, standardize market behavior, and reasonably regulate rental levels.
In addition, explore the implementation of hierarchical and classified management of rental housing, encourage large-scale leasing in urban villages, continue to improve the living environment and supporting services in urban villages, and continue to use urban villages as low-cost living spaces and job-housing balance stabilizers. effect.
Li Yujia, chief researcher of the Guangdong Provincial Housing Policy Research Center, told the 21st Century Business Herald reporter that land and development costs in Shenzhen are relatively high. If self-sufficiency is required, developers will not be willing to acquire land. In the future, the renovation of existing housing stock will likely become one of the main ways to increase the supply of rental housing. New models can also be explored in the transformation of urban villages, such as government-led public welfare facilities to make up for shortcomings, and children who rent housing in urban villages can go to school with points.
While increasing the supply of commercial housing and rental housing, Shenzhen is building various types of affordable housing with unprecedented efforts. The above-mentioned "Planning Outline" emphasizes that the people's livelihood attributes of housing should be highlighted, large-scale public housing construction actions should be continued, and public housing allocation policies should be strictly implemented. Innovate the public housing construction and operation model and fully mobilize social forces to participate in public housing construction. Establish a public housing land reserve and give priority to ensuring the supply of public housing land. By 2025, 400,000 units of public housing will be built and raised.
What is particularly noteworthy is that Shenzhen has revealed the idea of ????"urbanization" to solve the housing problem. The "Planning Outline" specifically proposes to build large-scale residential communities across municipalities and innovate intercity housing cooperation mechanisms.
Li Yujia told reporters that innovative inter-city housing cooperation mechanisms refer to unified planning among cities in terms of land use, ecological environment, transportation, people's livelihood services, etc., including how public expenditures are shared, etc. These will be issues that Shenzhen needs to explore.