Evaluation system refers to an organic whole with internal structure, which is composed of multiple indicators representing the characteristics of the evaluation object and their relationship.
In order to make the index system scientific and standardized, the following principles should be followed when constructing the index system:
(1) Systematic principle. There should be a certain logical relationship between indicators, which should not only reflect the main characteristics and States of ecological, economic and social subsystems from different aspects, but also reflect the internal relations between ecological-economic-social systems. Each subsystem consists of a set of independent and interrelated indicators, which together form an organic unity. The construction of index system is hierarchical, from top to bottom, from macro to micro, forming an inseparable evaluation system.
(2) Typical principle. It is necessary to ensure that the evaluation indicators are typical and reflect the comprehensive characteristics of environmental, economic and social changes in a specific area-Gaoxigou as accurately as possible. Even if the number of indicators is reduced, it is necessary to facilitate data calculation and improve the reliability of the results. In addition, the setting of evaluation index system, the distribution of weights among indexes and the division of evaluation standards should be adapted to the natural and socio-economic conditions of Gaoxigou.
(3) Dynamic principle. The interactive development of ecological-economic-social benefits needs to be reflected by indicators of a certain time scale. Therefore, the selection of indicators should fully consider the research characteristics of ecological poverty alleviation methods in the dynamic typical areas of northwest China, and should collect the change values for several years.
(4) The principles of simplicity and scientificity. The design of each index system and the selection of evaluation indexes must be scientific, which can objectively and truly reflect the characteristics and conditions of environmental, economic and social development in Gaoxigou, and can objectively and comprehensively reflect the real relationship among the indexes. Each evaluation index should be typical, not too many and too detailed, so that the indexes are too complicated and overlapping, nor too few and too simple, so as to avoid the omission, error and untrue phenomenon of index information, easy to obtain data and easy to understand the calculation method.
(5) The principles of comparability, operability and quantification. When selecting indicators, we should pay special attention to the consistency within the overall scope. The construction of index system serves for regional policy making and scientific management. The calculation means and methods of index selection must be consistent and unified. Each index should be as simple and clear as possible, easy to collect at the micro level, and have strong practical operability and comparability. Moreover, when selecting indicators, we should also consider whether it can be quantified to facilitate mathematical calculation and analysis.
(6) the principle of comprehensiveness. The "win-win" of ecology, economy and society is the ultimate goal of eco-economic construction and the focus of comprehensive evaluation. At the corresponding evaluation level, comprehensive analysis and evaluation are carried out considering many factors affecting the environment, economy and social system.
Introduction atlas
What does the design evaluation system include?
Design principles of evaluation index system
(A) scientific principles
Scientific principles are mainly embodied in the combination of theory and practice and the scientific methods adopted. It should be established in theory and reflect the objective and actual situation of the evaluation object.
When designing the evaluation index system, we should first have a scientific theory as a guide. Make the evaluation index system rigorous and reasonable in basic concepts and logical structure, grasp the essence of the evaluation object, and have pertinence.
At the same time, the evaluation index system is the product of the combination of theory and practice. No matter what qualitative and quantitative methods are adopted and what model is established, it must be an objective and abstract description, grasping the most important, essential and representative things. The more clear, concise and true the abstract description of objective reality is, the more scientific it will be.
(B) the principle of system optimization
The evaluation object must be measured by a number of indicators, which are interrelated and mutually restrictive. Some indicators have a horizontal relationship, reflecting the mutual constraints of different aspects; Some indicators have a vertical relationship, reflecting the inclusion relationship between different levels. At the same time, the boundaries between indicators at the same level are as clear as possible, which avoids the internal connection between several groups and levels of indicator systems and reflects a strong systematicness.
1, the number of indicators and the structural form of its system are based on the principle of system optimization, that is, the content of the evaluation object is comprehensively and systematically reflected with fewer indicators (fewer numbers and fewer levels), so as to avoid the complexity and single factor selection of the indicator system and pursue the overall optimization or satisfaction of the evaluation indicator system.
2. The evaluation index system should consider all aspects. Due to the restrictive relationship between indicators at the same level, all aspects should be considered when designing the index system.
3. The method of designing evaluation index system should adopt systematic methods, such as system decomposition method and analytic hierarchy process. The total indicator is decomposed into sub-indicators, and then the sub-indicators are decomposed into sub-indicators (usually these three levels are called target layer, criterion layer and indicator layer), forming a tree-structured indicator system, so that all elements and structures of the system can meet the requirements of system optimization. That is, through the organic connection and reasonable quantitative relationship between indicators, the overall consideration of the above relationship is reflected, so that the overall function of the evaluation index system is optimal and the objective and comprehensive evaluation system output results are achieved.
(3) General comparability principle
General comparability refers to the comparison between different periods and different objects, that is, vertical comparison and horizontal comparison.
1, vertical comparison. That is to say, compare this period of the same object with another period. The evaluation index system should be universally comparable, provided that the connotation and extension of the index system, indicators and parameters remain stable, and the reference value (standard value) used to calculate the relative value of indicators remains unchanged.
2. Horizontal comparison. By comparing different objects, find out the * * * similarity, and design the evaluation index system according to the * * * similarity. In view of various specific situations, the method of adjusting weights is adopted to comprehensively evaluate and compare the situation of each object. For departments or individuals of the same nature, it is often easy to obtain comparable indicators.
(4) practical principles
Practical principles refers to practicality, feasibility and operability.
1, the index should be simplified and the method should be simple. The evaluation index system should be simple and moderate, and the calculation and evaluation methods should be simple and easy, that is, the evaluation index system should not be designed too cumbersome. Under the condition of basically ensuring the objectivity and comprehensiveness of the evaluation results, the index system should be simplified as much as possible, and some indexes that have little influence on the evaluation results should be reduced or eliminated.
2. Data should be easily available. The data needed for evaluation indicators are easy to collect, and the information sources of qualitative and quantitative evaluation indicators must be reliable and easy to obtain. Otherwise, the evaluation work is difficult or the cost is too high.
3. The overall operation should be standardized. All evaluation indicators and their corresponding calculation methods, and all data should be standardized and standardized.
4, to strictly control the accuracy of the data. Can implement quality control in the evaluation process, that is, control the accuracy and reliability of data.
(e) Goal-oriented principle
The purpose of evaluation is not simply to evaluate the ranking and the degree of superiority and inferiority, but more importantly, to guide and encourage the evaluated object to develop in the right direction and goal. Performance appraisal is an important part of the control link in management, using "black box". & gt
What is an evaluation system?
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What is applied research and its evaluation system?
Applied research and its evaluation system: refers to creative research for acquiring new knowledge, mainly aiming at specific practical purposes or goals.
1 has a specific practical purpose or application goal, which is embodied in: to determine the possible uses of basic research results, or to explore new methods (principles) or new ways to achieve the predetermined goals.
2. In the research process, acquire new knowledge around specific purposes or goals, and provide scientific basis for solving practical problems.
3. The research results generally only affect the limited scope of science and technology, which is special. For a specific field, problem or situation, the results are mainly scientific papers, monographs, principle models or invention patents. Generally speaking, the so-called applied research is to develop theory into a form of practical application.
What is the index evaluation system in statistics and how to establish it?
1. Index evaluation system in statistics: including teaching objective evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation and result evaluation. According to the principles and theoretical basis of statistical practice teaching evaluation, several evaluation indexes of statistical practice teaching are selected and the evaluation index system of practical teaching is constructed.
Second, how to establish an index evaluation system
(1) Selection of evaluation index 1. In the evaluation of practical teaching objectives, indicators such as "whether the objectives are clear", "whether teachers and students agree" and "whether leaders attach importance to them" are mainly selected. 2. In the evaluation of investment in practical teaching, teaching instruments and equipment, teaching venues, practice bases, professional skills of instructors, school-enterprise cooperation and other indicators are mainly selected. 3. In the evaluation of practical teaching process, we mainly choose "teaching system norms" and "teaching plan".
4. Practical teaching methods, professional orientation of teaching content, proportion of practical teaching hours, practical teaching rate and practical teaching assessment methods.
5. In the evaluation of practical teaching effect, the indicators such as "practice (experiment) report", "self-evaluation of students' acquired skills", "evaluation of teachers' teaching effect" and "evaluation by employers" are mainly selected. (II) Construction of evaluation index system According to the selected main indicators, the evaluation index system of statistical practice teaching is constructed, as shown in the figure.
Third, the role of statistical practice teaching evaluation index system
It is the basis of statistical practice teaching evaluation and plays an important role in improving the teaching quality of instructors and the learning effect of students. It should be noted that the content of statistical practice teaching will be adjusted and changed with the training objectives of students and the needs of social development, so the evaluation index system of practice teaching is not static, and needs to be updated and adjusted in time to ensure the effectiveness and accuracy of the evaluation results.
Four, the principles and evaluation basis of statistical practice teaching evaluation
Evaluation principle
1, target
The evaluation of practical teaching must closely focus on the training objectives and programs of such students, and at the same time, it must conform to the teaching objectives of the course of economic statistics. Therefore, the construction of the evaluation index system of statistical practice teaching must be based on the training objectives of students and the teaching objectives of the course.
Step 2 be complete
Statistics practice teaching contains many links, and the teaching effect is influenced by many factors. The evaluation index system of practical teaching should be able to comprehensively and completely examine the whole process of practical teaching. In the design of the index system, the secondary indicators should be independent of each other and have no influence on each other. All secondary indicators must be an organic whole, reflecting the contents of the primary indicators from different aspects. * * * of each level index is used to reflect the overall level of statistical practice teaching evaluation.
3. Combination of quantitative evaluation and qualitative evaluation.
Because quantitative evaluation is easier to operate objectively and fairly, quantitative evaluation should be adopted as far as possible in the evaluation of statistical practice teaching. For the case that only qualitative evaluation can be used, it is best to use the method of orderly classification.
4. Career orientation
Statistical practice teaching for non-statistical majors should be combined with students' majors. For example, students majoring in accounting should be able to use statistical methods to process, collect and analyze data in the accounting field in order to solve problems related to their major. Therefore, the evaluation of statistical practice teaching should also be specialty-oriented, and relevant indicators of specialty-oriented should be set in the teaching evaluation index system.
(B) the basis for evaluation
The evaluation model of CIPP teaching quality originated in 1960s, and its founder was Stufflebeam. Half a century later, this method is also applicable to the evaluation of statistical practice teaching. The evaluation model of CIPP consists of four parts. We can understand this point by applying this model to the evaluation of statistical practice teaching.
1. The objective evaluation of practical teaching is mainly to evaluate the objectives and ideas of statistical practical teaching. Investigate whether the goal of statistical practice teaching meets the training needs of economic management professionals, whether teachers and students agree with the training goal, and whether relevant leaders attach importance to the development and evaluation of statistical practice teaching.
2. The evaluation of practical teaching input is mainly to evaluate the teaching resources of colleges and universities, and to investigate whether the resources used for statistical practical teaching in schools are sufficient. For example, whether special practical teaching software has been purchased, whether the teaching instruments and equipment can meet the teaching needs in quantity and quality, and whether the practice site, place and practice base provide strong background support for practical teaching. 3. Evaluation of practice teaching process Evaluation of practice teaching process is to evaluate the whole process of statistical practice teaching.
Process evaluation mainly includes two levels: one is teaching plan and teaching plan ...
What is the difference between Amazon's two evaluation systems?
In Amazon's seller management system, there are two independent but interactive evaluation systems: feedback and comment.
Feedback and comments allow buyers to evaluate the seller's products and services, which will also directly affect other buyers' desire to buy. Therefore, both feedback and comments are of great significance to sellers. Feedback and comment have different meanings on Amazon platform.
Feedback is the customer's evaluation of the purchase order, including product quality, service level, delivery time and the consistency between the goods and the description. Only when there is a real purchase record will there be feedback (except for the brush). At the same time, the feedback will be clearly listed in the seller's store homepage and store evaluation details. The influence of feedback on the seller is more reflected in the seller's account level, and the quality of feedback will directly affect the change of ODR index.
Comments are comments made by Amazon users on the listing of goods, only for the goods themselves, and have nothing to do with service level and delivery time. Any Amazon user (who has had at least one purchase experience on Amazon platform) can comment on the products he is interested in. Whether he bought the house itself or not, the quality of the comments will not be directly reflected in the seller's shop, but it can directly affect the exposure and ranking of the house.
What are the design principles of credit evaluation system?
The principles of credit evaluation system design include: systematic principle, scientific principle, applicability principle and emphasis on credit risk evaluation principle.
What does Concord's building quality evaluation system mean?
Singapore Construction Bureau CONQUAS 2 1: The evaluation of construction engineering quality by the construction engineering quality evaluation system belongs to the macro control of * * *. During the construction process, the owner and the consulting company entrusted by him will monitor the construction quality in the whole process and in all directions. * * * The department conducts phased and timely inspection and evaluation of new projects according to regulations, and finally gives the contractor a specific and clear score, which is recorded in the annual performance table of the construction contractor. Taking the evaluation method of construction site operation as an example, the author summarizes the characteristics of the phased tracking evaluation system of projects under construction.
What does the evaluation system of "three tests and one database" mean?
Performance appraisal system is a set of evaluation system.
This system is composed of independent and interrelated evaluation indexes, which can fully express the evaluation requirements.
The establishment of performance appraisal system is conducive to evaluating the working conditions of employees, is the basis of employee appraisal, and is also an important factor to ensure the accurate and reasonable assessment results.
Appraisal indicators are data that can reflect the completion of performance objectives, work attitude and ability level, and are the basic units of performance appraisal system.