There are several types of brominated flame retardants:
1. Decabromodiphenylethane
80108010 is not a polybrominated diphenyl ether and will burn when burning It is absolutely impossible to produce PBDD or PBDF; the relative molecular weight of 8010 is 971; the bromine content is 82, which is equivalent to the bromine content of DBDPO (83), so the flame retardant performance is basically the same; the initial melting point is 345°C, and the thermal stability is better than that of DBDPO (305°C ) is high; its light resistance and resistance to dialysis are better than those of DBDPO. The most valuable thing is that its flame-retardant plastic can be recycled, which is a feature that many brominated flame retardants do not have. 8010 industrial product is a free-flowing, microgranulated white crystalline powder with an average particle size of 3 μm. It is easily dispersed during plastic modification and the plastic products are free in color. Moreover, the industrialization cost is equivalent to that of DBDPO, making it the most ideal substitute for DBDPO.
As an additive brominated flame retardant, 8010 also needs to be used in conjunction with antimonide during use. The mixing ratio is the same as the ratio of DBDPO/antimonide; compared with DBDPO, 8010 is more suitable for high temperature and high viscosity applications Characteristics of engineering plastics.
The American Albemarle Company was the first to industrialize 8010, and applied for a patent for production and use. This caused domestic flame retardant research and production units to delay conducting research in this area, but after inquiries It was found that Albemarle's patent scope is outside China, so it can produce and use 8010 in China, but it cannot export and apply for a patent. As time goes by, domestic research and production units have invested in research, and at the end of 2002, the test was successfully carried out on an industrial scale.
2. Brominated epoxy resin
Brominated epoxy resin used as flame retardant is also called tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin oligomer, and the bromine content can reach 50 , with a molecular weight between 1000 and 45000, divided into EP type and EC type; compared with EP type and EC type, the former has better light resistance but lower bromine content, while the latter’s flame retardant ABS and HIPS have better Impact strength. Commercial brominated epoxy resin is a mixture of milky yellow translucent wafers and white powder. Domestic brominated epoxy resin has a pungent smell, while Israeli Dead Sea brominated products are odorless. Brominated epoxy resin has satisfactory melt flow rate, high flame retardant efficiency, excellent thermal stability and light stability, and can give the flame retardant substrate good mechanical properties, and the product does not frost.
Low-phase molecular weight brominated epoxy resin is suitable for flame-retardant ABS and HIPS, while high-phase molecular weight brominated epoxy resin is suitable for flame-retardant ABS/PC alloys and engineering plastics such as PC, PET, and PBT. It needs to be used in conjunction with antimonide during use.
Israel Dead Sea Bromine Company is the most famous manufacturer of brominated epoxy resin flame retardants in the world. It has perfect production technology and excellent product quality; it was once the only player in the domestic brominated epoxy resin flame retardant market. brand. Since 2002, Shandong Laiyu Chemical and others have successively commercialized brominated epoxy resin, but the product quality is unsatisfactory. At present, the representative products in the domestic market include: Israel Dead Sea Bromine Company F2100F2400, Shandong Laiyu Chemical, Taiwan Changchun BEB series, etc.
3. Brominated polystyrene
The development of brominated polystyrene is similar to that of brominated epoxy resin, and it is also a flame retardant species that has developed rapidly in recent years. Brominated polystyrene is white or light yellow powder or granules, with a bromine content of about 60. The thermal decomposition temperature is greater than 310°C. It has the advantages of large molecular weight, good thermal stability, good dispersion and miscibility in polymers, easy processing, and no frosting.
Brominated polystyrene is named brominated polystyrene and polybrominated styrene respectively according to its synthesis route. From the naming, it can be seen that brominated polystyrene is produced by brominating polystyrene. Polybrominated styrene is completed by first protecting the olefinic bonds of styrene, then brominating, then restoring the olefinic bonds, synthesizing brominated styrene, and polymerizing again. Depending on whether a solvent is used in the synthesis process, it can be divided into solvent method and non-solvent method. Since the solvent method consumes less bromine, people usually use the solvent method for synthesis.
Brominated polystyrene is mainly used in thermoplastic resins such as PA, PBT, and PET. It needs to be used in conjunction with antimonides during use. For flame retardant polyester, the added amount is 13 (reinforced) to 17 (non-reinforced) to give the material UL94V-O (0.8mm). For flame retardant polyamide, the added amount is 21 to give the material UL94V- Grade O (0.8mm).
American Great Lakes Company and Albemarle Company are well-known brominated polystyrene manufacturers. Their products were once far ahead in the domestic market. Now some domestic flame retardant manufacturers have carried out domestic production, such as Shouguang City Ocean Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.