1, FDM: rapid prototyping by melt deposition, mainly made of ABS and PLA.
The materials used in the melt extrusion molding (FDM) process are usually thermoplastic materials, such as wax, ABS, PC, nylon, etc. Feed in the form of filaments. The material is heated and melted in the nozzle. The nozzle moves along the cross-sectional profile and filling trajectory of the part, and at the same time, the molten material is extruded, solidified rapidly and adhered to the surrounding materials. Each layer is stacked on top of the previous layer, which plays the role of positioning and supporting the current layer.
2.SLA: Stereolithography equipment, the main material is photosensitive resin.
Curing is an early rapid prototyping process. Its principle is based on the photopolymerization principle of liquid photosensitive resin. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light with a certain wavelength (x=325nm) and intensity (w=30mw), this liquid material can undergo rapid photopolymerization, and its molecular weight increases sharply, thus making the material change from liquid to solid.
Stereolithography equipment is a widely studied method at present, and it is also a mature method in technology. Generally, the layer thickness is 0. 1 ~ 0. 15mm, and the precision of the molded parts is high.
3, 3DP: three-dimensional powder bonding, the main material powder materials, such as ceramic powder, metal powder, plastic powder.
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology was developed by EmanualSachs of MIT and others. E.M.Sachs applied for a 3DP (three-dimensional printing) patent in 1989, which is one of the core patents in the field of droplet injection forming of unformed materials. 3DP process is similar to SLS process, and it is made of powder materials, such as ceramic powder and metal powder.
4.SLS/SLM technology
SLS/SLM technology is a laser selective sintering/melting technology. The idea of SLM was first put forward by Flawn Hof Institute in 1995. The technical idea is similar to that of 3DP technology, except that the adhesive is changed into a laser beam.
5.LOM: It is divided into physical manufacturing, and the main materials are paper, metal film and plastic film.
The layered entity manufacturing method LOM, also known as lamination molding, takes sheets (such as paper, plastic film or composite materials) as raw materials, and its molding principle is shown in the figure. The laser cutting system cuts the paper coated with hot melt adhesive into the inner and outer contours of the workpiece with laser according to the cross-sectional contour data extracted by the computer. After cutting one layer, a new layer of paper is superimposed by the feeding mechanism, and the cut layers are bonded together by the hot pressing device, and then cutting is carried out, so that a three-dimensional workpiece is finally formed by cutting and bonding one layer at a time.
6.DLP: digital light processing, the main material is liquid resin.
DLP laser forming technology is similar to SLA stereo lithography technology, but it uses a high-resolution digital light processor (DLP) projector to cure liquid photopolymer and cure it layer by layer. Because each layer is solidified in a thin sheet similar to a slide, it is faster than the same type of SLA stereolithography technology. This technology has high molding precision, and can be compared with durable plastic parts by injection molding in terms of material properties, details and surface smoothness.
7.FFF: Fuse manufacturing, the main materials are PLA and ABS.
The high-speed extrusion platform is an additive manufacturing system, which aims to solve the speed and strength problems of traditional FDM/FFF3D printers. Essentium said, "The current FDM printers are limited to printing weak parts, and the speed can reach100 mm/s. There are few polymer materials that can be printed, and they are not concentrated on industrial users."