Question 2: The difference between Chu script and other national scripts. Chu characters in the Western Zhou Dynasty are not much different from those in the Central Plains. Gong Chu Jia Zhong's inscriptions are similar in style to those in Zongzhou, with vigorous momentum, regularity and slight twists and turns. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the mid-Warring States Period, Chu's characters gradually tended to be slender, with thin and consistent strokes, neat and beautiful arrangement, smooth strokes and free and unrestrained style. Such as Wang Sun, Wang Sun's legacy clock, Chu Wang, writing Bo. From the comparison of the inscriptions of chimes unearthed in Wang Ziwu Ding from No.2 Chu Tomb in Sixia and No.2 Tomb in Dadian, Shandong Province (Figure 1), we can find that Chu characters are slightly worm-shaped and are the embryonic form of worm books. After the mid-Warring States period, bamboo and silk dominated, and bronze inscriptions were also influenced by it. The font tends to be flat, the body posture is simple, the horizontal pen holds its head high, the head is thick and the tail is thin, and some wave-potential picking methods have taken shape in later generations. Such as Jiangling Wangshan Tianxingguan bamboo slips, Jingmen Baoshan bamboo slips and Changsha Chu bamboo slips. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, on the basis of seal script, bird-shaped decoration was added to make the characters artistic, which is the origin of the so-called "bird seal script". For example, the inscription * * * of the fish of the king of Chu has six characters, all of which are bird-shaped, full of interest, showing the special love of the Chu people for birds. Related to this, the Chu people have made great achievements in seal cutting (Figure 2, "Lengxian" seal). Chu characters are physically related to ancient Chinese characters in the Central Plains, but they are not the same as the "ancient seal system" in which Oracle Bone Inscriptions, inscriptions and seal scripts in the Central Plains come down in one continuous line. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chu people independently created many new characters according to their own life and language characteristics. For example, it can be seen in the "poly" of copper shells (also known as ant nose money); Found in the bamboo slips of Chu in Jiangling Mountain, Xie; It is found in the tendrils of Chu silks and Jin Ming; The word "Dai" found in Chu bamboo slips and inscriptions is not found in other countries, nor in the ancient seal script of the previous generation, which breaks through the scope of ancient Chinese characters in the Central Plains. Although these new words are difficult for modern people to interpret, they must vividly record the original language of Chu people and show their spirit of change and creative consciousness. As the Chu people first invented the writing brush (Figure 3), it not only made the appearance of silk books and bamboo slips possible, but also promoted the evolution of the font itself. 1954 A brush made of rabbit hair was found in a Chu tomb in Changsha in the middle of the Warring States Period. Writing with a brush is easier and more flexible than the previous knife engraving, thus promoting the innovation of fonts. So the official script was first conceived in Chu characters. For example, the last stroke of the word "b" in Jiangling Chu bamboo slips obviously has the wave of official script; In addition, the word "Yue" is written in the form of official script, and the next stroke on the right indicates the choice of official script. Function words are a dialect commonly used in Chu State, and almost become an important symbol of the language form of Chu Ci. Words such as Xi and some. Reading often has a sense of sadness, forming a unique charm of Chu Ci, which can be said to be a sign of the external form of Chu Ci.
Question 3: During the Warring States Period, Chu's writing was bird-shaped. Where did this kind of writing come from? Inherit from hieroglyphics
Question 4: There is little difference between the fonts used by Chu State in the Warring States Period and those used by Chu State in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Gong Chu Jia Zhong's inscriptions are similar in style to those in Zongzhou, with vigorous momentum, regularity and slight twists and turns. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the mid-Warring States Period, Chu's characters gradually tended to be slender, with thin and consistent strokes, neat and beautiful arrangement, smooth strokes and free and unrestrained style. Such as Wang Sun, Wang Sun's legacy clock, Chu Wang, writing Bo. From the comparison of the inscriptions of mutual bells unearthed from the No.2 Chu Tomb in Sixia and the No.2 Tomb in Dadian, Shandong Province (Figure 1), we can find the characteristics of Chu characters, which are slightly worm-shaped, and are the embryonic form of worm books. After the mid-Warring States period, bamboo and silk dominated, and bronze inscriptions were also influenced by it. The font tends to be flat, the body posture is simple, the horizontal pen holds its head high, the head is thick and the tail is thin, and some wave-potential picking methods have taken shape in later generations.
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Question 5: There is no Chu Wenfeng in Biography, is there? This sentence is wrong. Of course, there is Chu Wenfeng in Biography. Qin Shihuang unified the characters, based on the characters of Qin State and combined with those of other countries. Lisi standardized the addition and deletion of strokes, font structure and writing methods. Textual research on the Warring States script basically comes from the bronze inscription, and the scripts of all countries are basically the same. The difference is that due to the needs of dialects, cultural regions and governance, countries have expanded their scripts on the basis of bronze inscriptions, that is, created many new scripts. These new words are very different in different countries. Moreover, the writing norms in different countries are different, and the strokes of the same word increase or decrease, which makes it difficult to identify the characteristics of different words. Qin Shihuang's unified writing not only has the style of Chu writing, but also has the writing characteristics of other vassal States.
Question 6: What font was written on bamboo or silk during the Warring States Period? Bamboo slips and silks are the general names of bamboo slips and silks. Simple refers to long and narrow bamboo and wood pieces, and silk refers to silk fabrics such as undyed silk. Bamboo slips and silk books are written on bamboo pieces and silk books. At the latest, there were bamboo slips in the Shang Dynasty, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions's calligraphy was just like compiling bamboo slips. However, due to easy decay, short essays are rarely passed down from generation to generation. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it was discovered in the fifth year of Xianning, the first year of Jianyuan in the Southern Dynasty and the third year of Yongming. Except for a few glyphs, it may be included in Chinese and foreign ancient books such as Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Wei Zhengshi's Three-body Stone Classic, which have long been lost. What we can see now is the Chu bamboo slips unearthed in the Warring States after liberation. For example, 195 1 to 1965, three batches of bamboo slips were unearthed in the tombs of Changsha, Hunan, Xinyang, Henan and Jiangling, Hubei. Including heavy text, * * * has more than 4,200 words, written with a brush, the font is scrawled, and the strokes are not round, which is close to the official script of the Warring States period. This rectangular silk book has two sets of characters written with brush and ink in the middle, one set of 13 lines and eight lines in the first level. It is a relatively primitive astronomical work, with borders and trees, human animal heads and three supernatural figures on each side. The whole article has a total of 948 words, and its writing style is simple and plain, which is in the same strain as Chu Zhushu. Close to the official script, the writing style is thicker and the pen tip is thinner. Therefore, since the Han Dynasty, it has been called Ke Dou Wen, or Ke Dou Shu.
Question 7: What font is the Taoist script written by Laozi? 10 is official, I guess it's bronze.
Question 8: What font is used on the cigarettes of Yellow Crane Tower? That is the legendary Yellow Crane Tower font.
It has been patented. Please don't infringe.
Question 9: What is the standard font after Qin Shihuang unified Chinese characters? In fact, before Qin Shihuang unified the characters, there were many ways to write the characters of Qin State. For example, in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, the word "Qin" in the State of Qin was written from Shuanghe and some from Sanhe. By the end of the spring and autumn period, the language differences between countries were getting bigger and bigger. It is difficult to see the inheritance relationship between Hou Ma Meng characters in Jin State and inscriptions in Western Zhou Dynasty. But in any case, the characters of Six Kingdoms and Qin originated from the inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty, so they are still homologous. Only the inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty are still hieroglyphics, and the position and shape of the radicals are not uniform, which is later. Only at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Qin's own culture was very underdeveloped, so it took the Western Zhou civilization in one stroke. Under the dual effects of utilitarianism and conservatism in Qin culture, Qin characters become the most standardized characters, while the six-country characters are casual, concise and difficult to identify. If you want to see a little more vivid in this respect, I can introduce you to several kinds of Chu seal and ink seal. You can look at the bamboo slips of Guodian, the "official" inscriptions of Chu, the inscriptions of Ding and Sanjin, the inscriptions of Hou Ma Meng, and Zheng Zuokuge, the most complete text of Qin State. The inscriptions of epigraphy include, Gui and Mo Zhuan.
Question 10: The font characteristics of Chinese characters-the original appearance of Chinese characters is carved on the tortoise shell bone with a knife. Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the earliest known Chinese character, with large and small glyphs and thin strokes. Each character looks like a child's painting. The inscriptions on bronzes are almost as old as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, with thick and symmetrical strokes. The picture shows Mao as an inscription. Classical: Warring States Character China During the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year), China was divided into seven vassal states. The characters in different countries are very different, just like ancient passwords, which are difficult to decipher. A bronze festival engraved with Chu characters. The unification of Chinese characters in the stone drum seal script of Qin character. In 22 1 year BC, after Qin Shihuang unified China, Chinese characters were also unified. Since then, it has laid the foundation for cultural unity of the Chinese nation and promoted economic and cultural exchanges and development. The picture shows Qin Shihuang. The unified seal script of Qin dynasty shaped the strokes and structure of Chinese characters and laid the foundation for the square of Chinese characters. The picture shows the Yi Mountain Stone Carving inscribed by Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty. The evolution of Qin Xiao Zhuan's Chinese characters: Li Shu Xiao Zhuan is a simple writing method, which was first popular among the lower classes in the Qin Dynasty. It is said that Cheng Miao arranged it into a new font in prison. The picture shows the bamboo slips of Li Qin unearthed in Hubei. Official script developed greatly in the Han Dynasty (206-220 BC), and irregular lines were changed into regular pens. ...
Oracle Bone Inscriptions: hieroglyphics, thin strokes, many straight strokes, and turning sides.
Jinwen: The brush strokes are thick, with many bends and bumps.
Seal script: the shape is even and neat, and the font is easier to write than seal script.
Official script: square or oblate, long wave strokes are more natural. There are also some squares with large font area or individual characters with long lines and only short fluctuations in the inscriptions of the Western Han Dynasty.
Regular script: both square and straight strokes can be used as models, hence the name.
Cursive script: simple structure and continuous strokes.
Running script: a font between regular script and cursive script, which can be said to be cursive script or cursive script. It is to make up for the shortcomings of slow writing in regular script and illegible cursive script. The brushwork is not as sloppy as cursive script, and it is not required to be as correct as regular script. There are more methods of mold opening than cursive writing, which is called "mold opening". Cursive calligraphy is more than modular method, which is called "cursive calligraphy".