I think the information in Jingzhou Dahong Garden is quite comprehensive.
Hope this helps. Points for hand-typing! !
This test paper is divided into two parts: Paper I (multiple choice questions) and Paper II (non-choice questions). Volume I, pages 1 to 3, Volume II, pages 4 to 8. ***100 points. The exam time is 100 minutes.
Possible relative atomic masses: H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5 K-39 Fe -56 Mn-55
< p>Paper Ⅰ (multiple choice questions ***40 points)1. Multiple choice questions (this question has 15 questions, each question is worth 2 points, ***30 points). Each question will give Only one of the four options is correct. Please put the number of the correct option in brackets.
( ) 1. Through studying chemistry, do you think that among the following options, which one does not belong to the natural science research scope of chemistry?
A. The composition and structure of oxygen B. The structure of metals Properties and changes
C. The motion state of the "Shenzhou 7" spacecraft D. Uses and preparation methods of nanomaterials
( )2. Matter changes, and we live in a colorful material world. New substances are generated in the following changes
A. A light bulb emits light B. Industrial production of oxygen
C. Ice melts into water D. Rice becomes wine
( ) 3. Among the following common substances in life, which ones are pure substances
A. "Bai Pu" brand rice wine B. "Langshan" brand mineral water
C. Rugao Balsamic Vinegar D. Preservative nitrogen in food bags
( )4. A survey experiment conducted by an environmental department on the silt at the bottom of a lake showed that the content of heavy metals such as lead, nickel, chromium, and zinc in the silt deposited at the bottom has exceeded the heavy metal content in urban soil. The lead,
nickel, chromium and zinc mentioned here refer to
A. Element B. Atom c. Molecule D. Elemental
( ) 5. We know that food will deteriorate if it is exposed to the air for a long time. This is mainly due to the fact that the air contains
A. Oxygen b. Nitrogen C. Carbon dioxide D. Rare gases
( )6. The information Xiao Ming summarized from the chemical equation 4Al+3O2 ===== 2Al2O3 is: ① The substances participating in the reaction are aluminum and oxygen ② The reaction conditions are ignition ③ The molecules before and after the reaction The total number of elements remains unchanged ④ The types of elements before and after the reaction remain unchanged. The correct one is
A. ①②③ B． ①②④ C． ①③④ D. ②③④
( )7． The classification and names of substances have certain regularities. Substances such as phosphorus pentoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and aluminum oxide are all oxides. Judging from the names of the following substances, which one is an oxide?
A. Sodium chloride b. Iron oxide C. iron d. Red phosphorus
( )8. When medical staff use 3% hydrogen peroxide solution to treat the wound of the injured, a large number of bubbles will be seen on the wound. Which of the following statements is incorrect
A. The gas generated may be oxygen produced by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
B. The biological enzymes at the wound may catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
C. Only manganese dioxide can rapidly decompose hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen at room temperature
D. Hydrogen peroxide and water have different molecular compositions, so their chemical properties are different
( )9. Which of the following experimental operations is correct
( )10. Starch solution turns blue when exposed to iodine. Experiments have shown that both solid iodine and iodine vapor can turn starch solution blue.
This phenomenon illustrates
A. Molecules of the same type have the same mass B. Molecules of the same type have the same volume
C. Molecules of the same type have the same properties D. Molecules of the same type move at the same speed
( )11. The picture below is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of water molecules under certain conditions. The incorrect information obtained from it is
A. A water molecule is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
B. The ratio of the number of molecules of hydrogen and oxygen produced after water is decomposed is 2:1
C. During the decomposition of water, the types of molecules remain unchanged
D. During the decomposition of water, the number of atoms remains unchanged
( )12. Water is an indispensable substance for human life. Many people like to drink purified water in daily life, and some of the purified water on the market is distilled water. Which of the following statements about this type of distilled water is correct
A. It can be obtained by cooling the water vapor produced by heating tap water
B. It is clean and pure, and long-term drinking is beneficial to health.
C. It contains minerals and vitamins needed by the human body
D. It is a purely natural drink that does not contain any chemical substances
( ) 13. The chemical formula of the main component of ilmenite is FeTiOx, in which the combined valencies of iron and titanium (Ti) are both +3. Then x is
A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 6
( )14. The symbol in the figure below represents two hydrogen atoms
( )15. Among the following movements, which one can show that molecules are constantly moving irregularly
A. After the perfume bottle is opened, the fragrance will be smelled in the room after a while
B. Countless raindrops fell from the sky
C. While sweeping the floor, I saw dust flying in the air
D. The directional movement of free charges in a conductor forms an electric current
2. Multiple-choice questions (this question has 5 questions, 2 points each, 10 points). Each question has one or two options. In line with the meaning of the question. If the correct answer only includes one option, and there are multiple choices, the question will be awarded 0 points; if the correct answer includes two options, 1 point will be given for choosing only one and the correct one, and 2 points will be given for choosing two and both are correct, but as long as you choose If you make one mistake, the question will be worth 0 points.
( )16. Which of the following statements is correct
A. The chemical properties of an element depend on the number of electrons outside the nucleus
B. Molecules can maintain the chemical properties of substances, but atoms cannot maintain the chemical properties of substances
C. Relative atomic mass is the ratio of the actual mass of an atom to the mass of a carbon-12 atom
D. The main difference between molecules and atoms is that molecules can be divided during chemical changes, while atoms cannot be divided
( )17. From September 25 to 28, 2008, Beijing time, China successfully carried out the Shenzhou 7 manned space flight. Small molecule water specially designed for astronauts has the characteristics of less drinking, long storage time in the human body, and low emissions. Astronauts drink 125mL of small molecule water at one time, which can maintain the human body's normal water needs for 6 hours. Which of the following statements about small molecular cluster water is correct
A. The chemical properties of water molecules have not changed
B. There are no gaps between water molecules in small molecular cluster water
C. The water molecules in small molecular cluster water stopped moving
D. Some physical properties of small molecular cluster water are different from ordinary water
( )18. In April this year, the "Auspicious Cloud" torch of the Beijing Olympic Games began its global transmission, carrying the friendship of the Chinese people to the people of the world. The fuel it uses is propane (the molecular structure model is shown in the figure). Which of the following statements about propane molecules is incorrect
A. Propane molecules are composed of carbon and hydrogen
B. The ratio of the number of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms in the propane molecule is 3:8
C. Propane molecules are composed of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms
D. A propane molecule contains 26 protons
( )19. The periodic table is an important tool for learning chemistry.
The picture on the lower right is a grid in the periodic table of elements. The incorrect information obtained from it is
A. The atomic number of this element is 20
B. This element is a non-metallic element
C. There are 20 electrons outside the nucleus of this element
D. The actual mass of an atom of this element is 40.08g
( )20. According to reports, Rugao City was selected as one of the "Top 100 Cities with the Most Investment Value in the Country in 2008", ranking 87th. This will set off another round of investment boom in Rugao. In order to avoid environmental pollution caused by investing in factories, the following measures are feasible:
A. Raise the factory chimney
B. Direct discharge of factory wastewater
C. Carry out harmless treatment of solid waste from factories
D. Strengthen the discharge monitoring of industrial wastewater and insist on meeting discharge standards
Volume II (non-choice questions ***60 points)
Notes:
According to the question requirements , use a pen or ballpoint pen to write the answers directly on the test paper.
3. (This question has 5 questions, 1 point for each blank, 24 points)
21. (3 points) Please fill in the blanks with chemical symbols:
(1) 2 oxygen molecules__________
(2) 3 phosphorus atoms__________
（ 3) 4 hydroxyl ions__________
22. (5 points) Answer the relevant questions based on the atomic structure diagram of elements 11-18 below:
(1) The number of protons in a silicon atom is ___________, and there are _________ electrons in the outermost layer.
(2) In the substance formed by Mg and one of the above elements, the atomic number ratio is 1:2, and the chemical formula of this substance is _______.
(3) The three elements P, S, and Cl are non-metallic elements. The analysis basis from the atomic structure is: _
_ .
(4) From elements 11 to 17, as the atomic number increases, the atomic structure (or the properties of the elements) shows certain changes. Please write down one of the rules: ____________________________.
23. (3 points) The theme of this year’s “World Environment Day” in my country is “Green Olympics and Environmentally Friendly Society”. (The logo is as shown on the right)
⑴ Among the following measures taken by the Beijing Olympics, the ones that have nothing to do with the concept of "Green Olympics" are: . (Fill in the serial number)
① Recruit volunteers to provide services for the Olympic Games;
② Use new clean fuel vehicles at the Olympic venues;
③ Olympic projects are under construction. Apply solar energy, geothermal and other energy sources.
⑵ With the development of industry, harmful gases discharged into the air have caused air pollution. Car exhaust is one of the major urban pollutions. One way to treat it is to install a catalytic converter on the car exhaust pipe, which reacts CO with another air pollutant X (oxide) to form non-toxic gases that can participate in the atmospheric ecological cycle. Gas Y, the reaction principle is: 2CO+2X 2Y+N2. Where Y is _____________, and the relative molecular mass of X is _________.
4. (This question is 1 small question, ***7 points)
26. (7 points) Air is an important natural resource. Through more than 2 months of junior high school chemistry study, we can further understand air from a chemical perspective.
(1) The two most abundant elements in the air are _______________ (represented by element symbols); the reason why air is a mixture rather than a pure substance is _______________.
(2) After a thunderstorm, the air looks particularly fresh. This is because a small amount of oxygen (O2) is converted into ozone (O3), 3O2 2O3, under certain conditions. Which of the following statements do you think is correct?
①This reaction is a physical change
②This reaction is a chemical change
③O2 and O3 are the same substance
④O2 and O3 They are different elements composed of the same element
(3) In the textbook, the device shown on the right is used to measure the oxygen content in the air. The chemical equation of the reaction in the experiment is_________________________. After the red phosphorus is burned, the remaining gas in the gas collecting bottle is mainly nitrogen. From this, it can be inferred that some of the chemical properties of nitrogen are ___ __________.
(4) When igniting charcoal in the air, the charcoal can only glow red and release heat. In a gas bottle containing oxygen, it can burn violently and emit white light. When charcoal burns in air and oxygen, it produces ___________ (fill in the chemical formula). Do you think two different phenomena explain _______________________.
Score Rater
5. (This question has 3 questions, 1 point for each blank, ***19 points)
27. (4 points) Standardized experimental operations are the prerequisite for a successful experiment. Please answer:
⑴To measure 9mL of liquid, a ________mL graduated cylinder should be used;
⑵After using the rubber tip dropper Should ____________, again.
Score assessor
6. (***2 questions for this question, ***10 points)
Under the guidance of the teacher, Xiao Ke Fully heat 15.8 grams
potassium permanganate to obtain 1300 ml of oxygen
Solution: the mass fraction of oxygen element in potassium permanganate
The mass of oxygen It is: 15.8g×40.5%=6.4g
Answer: 15.8g of potassium permanganate is completely decomposed to produce 6.4g of oxygen.
Please answer:
(1) Under the conditions of this experiment, the density of oxygen is 1.4×l0-3g/mL, then 15.8 can be calculated from Xiaoke’s measurement results The mass of oxygen produced after the decomposition of g potassium permanganate is g (the result is rounded to one decimal place).
(2) After discussion, everyone believed that Xiaoyan’s calculation method was obviously wrong. One of the reasons why this method cannot be used to calculate the oxygen mass in this question is .
A. The oxygen element in potassium permanganate B. Oxygen element C in potassium manganate and manganese dioxide. Oxygen-containing elements in oxygen
(3) Please calculate the mass of oxygen produced when 15.8 g of potassium permanganate is completely decomposed. (Write the problem-solving process)
(4) If the experimental operation is correct, regardless of the error in the experiment, please make a reasonable guess about Xiaoke's measurement results and your calculation results: .
2008-2009 Midterm Examination Chemistry Questions Reference Answers
Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer C D D A A B B C D C C A B C A
1. Multiple choice questions
2. Multiple choice questions
Question number 16 17 18 19 20
Answer D AD A BD CD< /p>
3. Fill in the blanks
21. (1)2O2 (2)3P (3)4OH-
22. (1)14 4 (2)MgCl2 ( 3) The number of electrons in the outermost shell is more than 4 (4) As the atomic number increases, the number of electrons in the outermost shell of element atoms gradually increases (other reasonable answers will be scored according to the reference)
23. (1 )① (2) CO2 30
24, (1) Cl2 34 (2) Usually a yellow-green gas; chlorine has very active chemical properties, strong oxidizing properties, and can react with a variety of metals Directly combines with non-metals, and can also react with water, alkali and other compounds (write at least a little) (3) ClO2 +4
25, ⑴C ⑵① Glass rod drainage activated carbon ② Hard water is heated and boiled ③ One water can be used for multiple purposes ( Any reasonable answer is acceptable)
26. (1) N and O are composed of various substances such as nitrogen and oxygen, and maintain their respective chemical properties
(2)②④ (3 )4P +5O2====2P2O5 Nitrogen cannot burn and does not support combustion
(4)CO2 The oxygen content in the air is relatively small (other reasonable answers will be scored according to the reference)
27 , (1) 10ml (2) Wash (3) Lamp cap (4) Asbestos net
28. ⑴①Alcohol lamp ②Gas collecting bottle ⑵C ⑶Uniform and continuous production
⑷ Do not put a ball of cotton at the mouth of the test tube to prevent water from sucking back and bursting the test tube
⑸2H2O2 MnO2 2H2O + O2↑ B ⑹b
29. (1) O2 (or write the name), supplement Oxygen in the fish pond, beaker
(2) The types of elements remain unchanged before and after the chemical reaction (or other reasonable answers are acceptable)
(3) 2CaO2+2H2O =2Ca(OH)2+O2 ↑
(4) The reaction between CaO2 and H2O is an exothermic reaction (points are awarded for similar meanings)
30. (1) (1 point) 3:7:2:l (2) (2 points) 89 15.7%
(3) (1 point) Quality of nitrogen: 18g×16%=2.88g>2g unqualified milk powder
or protein Quality: 2 g÷16%=12.5g 31. (1) 1.8 (1 point) (2) B (1 point) (3) 1.6 g (3 points) ) (4) It may be that the generated K2MnO4 decomposes and releases oxygen (or the generated oxygen-containing compounds partially decompose and release oxygen) (1 point)