Machinery refers to the general name of machines and institutions. Machinery is a tool that can help people reduce difficulties or save labor. Things like chopsticks, brooms and tweezers can all be called machinery. They are simple machines. A complex machine is composed of two or more simple machines. These complicated machines are often called machines. From the point of view of structure and movement, there is no difference between mechanism and machine, which is generally called machinery.
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What are the three parts of machinery?
A machine usually consists of three parts: a power part, a working part and a transmission part.
First of all, the motivation part
The function of the power part is to convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy. The prime mover is the power source to drive the whole machine to complete the predetermined function.
Second, the work part.
Its function is to use mechanical energy to convert or transmit energy, materials and signals. For example, a generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and a rolling mill converts the shape of materials.
Third, the transmission part.
Its function is to transform the motion form, motion and power parameters of the prime mover into the motion form, motion and power parameters required by the working part.
Extended data
major feature
Machinery is a combination of artificial physical parts.
There is definite relative motion between all parts of the machine.
In addition to the characteristics of mechanism, a machine must also have a third characteristic, that is, a mechanism that can replace human labor to complete useful work or convert mechanical energy, so the machine can convert mechanical energy or complete useful work. From the point of view of structure and movement, there is no difference between mechanism and machine, which is generally called machinery.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-machinery
What are the three main processes of mechanical development?
A long time ago
Simple machinery: lever, wheel, pulley, inclined plane, screw, etc.
In 3000 BC, in the process of building the pyramids, rolling logs were used to carry huge stones.
Archimedes used a screw to lift water to a high place, which is the ancestor of today's screw conveyor.
Ancient China
In the first century A.D., the "Shuipai" in the Eastern Han Dynasty used hydraulic blast to make iron, in which gears and linkage mechanisms were used.
Jin Dynasty
The "continuous mill" uses a cow to drive eight grinding discs, in which a gear train is applied.
Medieval Europe
Lathe for processing sticks driven by pedals
Grinding machine using crankshaft
13 century later, mechanical clocks and watches developed in Europe.
Linkage mechanism, gear mechanism and cam mechanism have been used in ancient machinery. In da? In the Finch era, some of the most commonly used types of institutions were basically known.
Modern times:1mid-8th century-mid-20th century.
Due to the changes of power, materials, processing means, production mode, mechanism and transmission, as well as the establishment of mechanical theory and design method, the promotion and development of machinery have brought about a qualitative leap.
The motive force of ancient machinery: manpower, animal power and water power.
Power restricts the development of machinery.
First of all, the change of power promotes the rapid development and wide application of machinery.
1765, watt invented the steam engine.
It opened the curtain of the first industrial revolution.
The steam engine has brought great power to mankind, and various industrial machinery driven by power, such as textile machines and lathes, have mushroomed.
In the19th century, the second industrial revolution witnessed the invention of electric motors and internal combustion engines.
Electricity replaced steam. Instead of centralized drive, each machine is equipped with an independent motor.
It made it possible for cars and planes to appear.
1886, the gasoline engine-driven tricycle invented by Ben Ci was patented.
At the same time, Daimler also invented his first four-wheel car.
/kloc-in the middle of 0/9th century, the steelmaking method was invented. From then to now, steel has always been the most important material for manufacturing machinery.
/kloc-at the end of 0/8, the prototype of modern lathe was produced in Britain;
By the middle of19th century, various types of universal machine tools were widely available.
At the end of 19, automatic machine tools and large machine tools appeared.
The social demand is growing day by day. At the beginning of the 20th century, machinery manufacturing entered the era of mass production mode. Logo: Ford production in the United States
18th century, Euler
Involute is used as the tooth profile of gear for the first time.
It makes high-speed and high-power mechanical transmission possible.
Various new drives with large transmission ratio and compact structure in the 20th century,
High-speed stepping mechanism,
Precision rolling screw drive,
Institutional innovation has not stopped until today.
The development of machinery calls for the theory and design method of machinery.
The establishment of Newton's classical mechanics laid a theoretical foundation for this.
With the continuous improvement of the running speed of the machine, the vibration and speed fluctuation of the machine have attracted people's attention, and mechanical dynamics has developed.
By the first half of the 20th century, the method of mechanical design had basically taken shape.
However, these methods are all based on charts and manual calculations.
Modern: Mid-20th century-
Computer makes the mechanical design method look brand-new, and the emergence of various CAD auxiliary software tools such as UG, proe, SolidWorks and catia makes the mechanical design faster and more accurate.
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In the last 30 years of the 20th century, the popularization of computer application greatly promoted the innovation of mechanical analysis and design methods.
Computer calculation has replaced manual calculation and graphic method.
Modern design methods such as computer-aided design, optimization design, finite element method and dynamic design have developed rapidly.
Computer not only greatly improves the calculation speed, but also has become an unprecedented powerful means for mechanical analysis and design.
The whole theory and method of mechanical design are brand-new.
In the modern sense, mechanical design has been inseparable from computers.
The introduction of computer control system and servo motor into traditional machines has revolutionized their composition, appearance and function.
What are the three main types of cam mechanism?
A cam is an element with a curved profile or groove. According to the shape, it can be generally divided into three categories:
① Disc cam: The cam is a disc-shaped member with variable diameter that rotates around a fixed shaft;
② Moving the cam: the cam moves linearly relative to the frame;
③ Cylindrical cam: The cam is a cylinder, which can be regarded as rolling the moving cam into a cylinder.
According to the shape of the follower:
① Top follower;
② Roller follower;
③ Flat-bottomed follower;
④ Curved bottom follower.
According to the motion form of the follower:
① Direct acting follower;
② Swing follower.
According to the way that the cam and the follower keep the contact of the motion pair:
① Forced sealing mode;
(2) geometric closure;
Disc cam and roller follower cam are widely used in offset press.
What kind of machines are there?
There are many kinds of machinery, which can be classified according to several different aspects. According to the service industry, it can be divided into agricultural machinery, mining machinery, textile machinery and packaging machinery. , according to the function can be divided into power machinery, material handling machinery, crushing machinery, etc. According to working principle, it can be divided into thermal machinery, fluid machinery and bionic machinery.
Classification of machinery petroleum machinery office equipment sewing/clothing machinery agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery machinery
Amusement equipment, electric heating equipment, commercial/financial machinery, metallurgical machinery and equipment.
Woodworking machinery environmental protection machinery crushing/sorting equipment dryer and separator
Filtering and purifying device for logistics equipment, electromechanical equipment and metalworking machinery
Communication equipment, cleaning equipment, plastic/rubber machinery, water, electricity and heating facilities.
Printing machinery, papermaking machinery, radio and television equipment, shoe/leather processing machinery.
Vehicles, chemical machinery, electronic/electrical machinery, gas compression/separation equipment
Industrial supplies building materials machinery grain and oil processing machinery refrigeration/air conditioning/heat exchange equipment
Construction machinery, instrumentation, spraying/spraying equipment, food/beverage/tobacco machinery.
Power Plant Equipment Machinery Parts Machinery/Hardware Parts Paper Products Processing Machinery
Production line hydraulic and pneumatic boilers and prime movers photoelectric/laser equipment reducer packaging machinery pumps and vacuum equipment mining machinery and equipment other machinery.