Since Toyota launched the hydrogen fuel cell car Mirai in 2015, hydrogen energy has once again entered the public eye. In terms of the application of hydrogen energy, according to data from Platts Analytics, hydrogen use in 2019 was mainly used for refining (38.5 million tons) and ammonia production (33.3 million tons), and 4.75 million tons were used for other purposes. , the total market demand is approximately 76 million tons.
In addition to the traditional refining and ammonia production uses, hydrogen fuel cells are currently the main form of expression, both internationally and domestically, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are used as a practical application. This has resulted in the "hydrogen extraction" The phenomenon of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles must be mentioned. The development of hydrogen energy industry in various parts of the country basically uses hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the carrier, and almost all demonstration applications are hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
Hydrogen energy has a wide range of applications and can be used on a large scale in various fields such as electricity, petrochemicals, aviation, aerospace, navigation, petrochemicals, industrial gases, etc. It is an industry with no upper limit and should not only be given to The public is left with a monotonous impression of "cars".
Hydrogen Cloud Chain has compiled the application breakthroughs made in hydrogen energy applications at home and abroad in 2019, and briefly introduced foreign hydrogen energy application development cases, hoping to show a colorful hydrogen energy society and hydrogen energy economy. . The first is domestic application.
Energy storage power station
Hydrogen fuel cells have a natural and close connection with the power industry. Energy storage projects have become a popular direction in power grid construction in recent years. However, almost all electrochemical energy storage projects that have been completed or are under construction in China are based on lithium-ion battery systems. Fuel cells are not common. Large-capacity hydrogen fuel cell energy storage projects It was only in 2019 that a breakthrough was achieved.
In August 2019, the 1MW distributed hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization station grid peak regulation demonstration project in Lu'an City, Anhui Province was successfully signed in Jin'an Economic Development Zone. The hydrogen energy storage project is invested and constructed by State Grid Anhui Integrated Energy Service Co., Ltd. and Lu'an Tomorrow Hydrogen Energy Company, with a total investment of 50 million yuan and an area of ??10 acres. This project mainly constructs a 1MW distributed hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization station, which is the first megawatt-level hydrogen energy storage power station in China.
The hydrogen power station project is a new model for power grid peak regulation and a new way to comprehensively utilize energy. It is of great significance to the development of the hydrogen energy industry and the energy Internet. It has been included in the 2019 Science and Technology Project by the State Grid. The project guide has a typical demonstration and publicity effect across the country.
Hydrogen energy bicycle
The exclusive model is conducive to expanding the scale of product application and reducing the experience cost of consumers at the same time. Based on the current high cost of hydrogen fuel cells, some domestic manufacturers have applied the shared economic model to the hydrogen energy industry and tried to promote hydrogen energy applications through shared hydrogen bicycles.
In October 2019, Yonganxing officially launched hydrogen-assisted bicycles. The Yonganxing hydrogen energy-assisted bicycle weighs about 30 kilograms. The total cruising range is currently 60 kilometers and will reach 100 kilometers in the future. Hydrogen fuel refueling is completed in about 3 minutes.
On December 20, Yonganxing Technology Co., Ltd. officially opened its hydrogen fuel cell moped to some experiencers. According to Yonganxing, this is also the world’s first hydrogen fuel cell moped.
Hydrogen-powered motorcycles
If there are bicycles, there will naturally be motorcycles. In April 2019, motorcycle giant Zongshen Power exhibited a hydrogen fuel cell motorcycle engine at the Guangzhou Hydrogen Energy, Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Refueling Station Equipment Exhibition, but did not display the complete vehicle product. As of now, Zongshen Power has not yet launched a complete fuel cell motorcycle product
In addition, in January 2020, Bohua Hydrogen Energy in Huaibei City, Anhui Province also launched the "Hydrogen Wind Man" hydrogen motorcycle car. In terms of specific parameters, the maximum power is 800W, the maximum speed is 60km/h, and it can last for 100 kilometers when filled with hydrogen. It only takes 15 minutes to fill with hydrogen. If you use bottle replacement, it only takes 30 seconds to replace a hydrogen tank!
Existing hydrogen-powered ships
Shipping has typical long-distance and heavy-load characteristics. Hydrogen energy has unique application advantages in the electrification of ships. In recent years, the international community has gradually increased research on the application of hydrogen fuel cell ships
In December 2019, CSSC held the launch ceremony of the country's first 500KW marine hydrogen fuel cell system at its booth.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Wuhan Marine Electric Propulsion Device Research Institute, which is responsible for the research and development, the system consists of a marine fuel cell power generation module, a marine fuel cell monitoring device, and a marine organic liquid hydrogen production device. Each liter of organic liquid can produce 50-80 grams of hydrogen. , good reliability, high integration, convenient replenishment, suitable for all types of ships, the replenishment time is less than 1 hour, and the endurance is 200-500 kilometers.
“Compared with the lithium battery solution with the same 10MWh energy storage, the weight of the marine hydrogen fuel cell system is reduced from 100 tons to 30 tons, the area is reduced from 300 square meters to 50 square meters, and the recharge time It has been shortened from 4-8 hours to 1 hour, and the cost is basically the same.” The person in charge revealed at the launch ceremony that taking the Xinjiang Tianchi cruise ship with a length of 21 meters, a speed of 8 knots and an energy storage of 380KWh as an example, the subsequent voyage capacity of this system can be achieved. up to 4 hours.
Hydrogen steelmaking
In 2019, ThyssenKrupp launched the world's first hydrogen steelmaking practice project, marking the steel industry entering a new era. Domestic steel companies such as Baowu Group, Hegang Group, and Jiugang Group have all released plans related to hydrogen energy steelmaking in 2019. Among them, Baowu Group's "nuclear energy hydrogen production + hydrogen energy metallurgy" is the most eye-catching. It is understood that Baowu Group has initially determined the site for hydrogen energy steelmaking and will soon carry out hydrogen energy steelmaking practice.
In addition, Hegang Group and Tenova Group signed an agreement to jointly develop hydrogen metallurgy, and Jiugang Group established a Hydrogen Metallurgy Research Institute. The domestic hydrogen energy metallurgical field will keep up with the international pace.
Hydrogen Energy Railcar
On November 29, the launch ceremony of the Gaoming Hydrogen Energy Tram, the world’s first commercially operated hydrogen energy tram, was held. According to reports, the tram has a maximum operating speed of 70 kilometers per hour and a maximum passenger capacity of 360 people. The line was initially equipped with 5 trams. The vehicles were 100% low-floor modern trams with a driving range of 100 kilometers. In addition, there are 6 double doors on each side of the tram, and 6 gas storage bottles are installed on each train. The hydrogen storage bottles have a rated working pressure of 35MPa and a hydrogen storage capacity of 20 kg.
Natural hydrogen doping
On September 30, the first phase of the Chaoyang Renewable Energy Hydrogen Doping Demonstration Project, a key project of State Power Investment Corporation in 2019, was successfully completed. This project is the first domestic electrolytic hydrogen production and natural gas project. It has verified the maturity of technologies such as power hydrogen production and hydrogen flow rate-following constant-ratio blending, natural gas pipeline material and hydrogen compatibility analysis, and diversified applications of hydrogen-doped natural gas. , reliability and stability, achieving the purpose of comprehensively verifying and demonstrating the key technologies of the hydrogen "preparation-storage-transportation-blending-comprehensive utilization" industrial chain, breaking the foreign technology monopoly, and filling the gap in domestic natural gas pipeline hydrogen doping specifications and standards.
Hydrogen Forklift
Currently the largest mobile fuel cell application is not in passenger cars, buses or trucks, but in forklifts. In the United States, more than 26,000 fuel cell forklifts are operating safely. However, there are only a few samples of fuel cell forklifts in China, and there are even fewer products on the market.
In November 2019, Tsingta University and Shenzhen Automobile Aviation Institute signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement at the Hi-Tech Fair venue. According to the agreement, the two parties will conduct in-depth cooperation in strategic research, technical needs, collaborative research and development in the field of new energy smart vehicles, and establish the country's first "Fuel Cell Smart Forklift Joint Innovation Center." The center will gather domestic and foreign high-end fuel cell intelligent forklift industry innovation resources and industrial resources to take the lead in building China's first fuel cell intelligent forklift.
Hydrogen Medical Instruments
Hydrogen medical research has attracted more and more attention in the medical field. So far, more than 13,000 papers on hydrogen medicine have been published around the world, and it has become the most promising application. In 2016, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare recognized hydrogen medicine as an advanced medical treatment that entered the medical system in Category B.
At CMEF 2019, a "hydrogen and oxygen atomizer" was exhibited. This device electrolyzes pure water to produce a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for the human body to inhale. It is useful for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. Auxiliary function to improve people's health conditions.
“This is the world’s first hydrogen-oxygen atomizer, which has the advantages of small size and large gas production. The implementation of hydrogen molecular medicine into clinical practice as respiratory equipment was first proposed by the Chinese, and we hope to enter Thousands of households contribute to the health of the people,” said the staff of the equipment manufacturer.
At present, the hydrogen-oxygen atomizer has obtained the batch number of Class III medical devices and is qualified for use in medical institutions, that is, in hospitals, for inpatients. It has also been used in Wuhan’s battle against the new coronavirus pneumonia. Support provided.
In addition to the above-mentioned domestic hydrogen energy applications, hydrogen energy is also widely used abroad. The specific details are as follows:
Electric vehicle charger
At the end of 2019, the British AFC company launched the world's first electric vehicle fuel cell (EVFC) charger CH2ARGE based on hydrogen fuel cell technology. The solution transfers the energy generated by the fuel cell to the EV charger’s inverter, through which hydrogen stored in on-site tanks is used to charge the 40kW battery and deliver the energy to the electric vehicle.
Household hydrogen boilers
Japan’s household natural gas fuel cell boilers have been used for many years, but household hydrogen boilers have not been put into use.
On June 25, 2019, the world’s first hydrogen-powered household boiler will be put into operation in real life in Rozenburg, the Netherlands. The boiler was developed by BDR?Thermea Group, a leading manufacturer of smart thermal comfort solutions with the vision to develop and produce heating solutions with virtually no carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
Fuel hydrogenation
With increasingly stringent global emission policies, how to help reduce emissions from the huge stock of internal combustion engines has become an urgent issue. Alternatives such as methanol and bioethanol have appeared on the market. fuel solution, but due to various reasons, its promotion is not very satisfactory. In 2019, Ford withdrew from a new alternative fuel solution, which is the use of hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO, Hydrotreated? Vegetable? Oils). ?Currently, Ford has approved the use of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in some Transit vans in Europe.
Liquid hydrogen carrier
On December 11, Japan's Kawasaki Heavy Industries announced that the world's first liquid hydrogen carrier was launched from the company's shipyard in Kobe Port, Japan. It is the world’s first sea carrier to transport liquefied hydrogen, and its technology will greatly expand green energy’s cargo capacity. The transport ship is named "SUISO? FRONTIER". The total length is 116 meters and the total tonnage is about 8,000 tons. It is planned to be completed around the fall of 2020.
Offshore wind power hydrogen production
The PosHYdon project based on the Q13a platform is the world's first offshore wind power hydrogen production project. It is jointly undertaken by many Dutch companies and institutions. Promote emissions reduction and establish a new energy model in the North Sea. Nepture Energy's Q13a platform is the first fully electrified oil and gas platform in the Dutch North Sea and will be transformed into a hydrogen production platform in the PosHYdon project. Containerized hydrogen production equipment is small and can be accommodated on most offshore platforms. At the current stage, the platform's power is temporarily supplied by the power grid on land through submarine cable connections (and simulated based on fluctuating offshore wind power generation). In the future, it will be supplied by nearby offshore wind farms.
Hydrogen Energy Community
Toyota Motor said on the eve of the upcoming 2020 International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) that Toyota Motor Company will build a 175-acre hydrogen fuel farm at the foot of Mount Fuji in Japan. Batteries to build a "city of the future". The development will be built on an enclosed factory site called Woven? City. ?The building will be made primarily of wood and will be produced using traditional Japanese carpentry combined with robots, and the roof will be covered with photovoltaic panels to generate hydrogen energy and electricity generated by hydrogen fuel cells.
At the same time, engineering consultancy Arcadis, concept developer LiveFree and the municipality of Hoogeveen announced the construction of the Netherlands' first hydrogen-based residential complex: Van?der?Veen. The complex's 16 buildings will be equipped with solar panels, low-temperature heating systems and hydrogen storage tanks.
This article comes from the author of Autohome Chejiahao and does not represent the views and positions of Autohome.