As the top car race in the world at present, the technology of F 1 has been at the forefront of the world. With the speed and limit of racing cars getting faster and faster, how to ensure the safety of drivers is also a major technical problem for F 1. After all, racing is a dangerous sport, and serious accidents will happen if you are not careful.
I believe everyone has seen the video of yesterday's game. Grosjean's car ran off the track and hit the side guardrail, which broke in two and caused an explosion. When everyone thought that disaster was going to happen, Grosjean ran out of the fire, which was inseparable from the advanced protective measures of F/KLOC-0, that is, halo, Hans, single shell and fire-proof clothing.
"flip-flops" aura
20 18 FIA announces Formula One? (F 1)？ What about equation two? (F2)？ The car must be equipped with Halo cockpit system to ensure the safety of drivers, that is, something that looks like flip-flops. Perhaps many people will wonder, how can such a fragile component be guaranteed to be safe? And it seems to block the line of sight.
In fact, the halo can bear much more weight and impact than it looks. Halo structure weighs about 7kg and is made of titanium. Halo is designed to bear 15 times the static load of racing car and the impact force of 20kg wheels at 225km/h. ..
It is hard to imagine that such a seemingly powerless component has such high strength. When designing Halo, three factors must also be considered: the "V-shaped transition" at the front of the center, the metal pipe around the cockpit and the fixation at the rear. All materials will be made of grade 5 6AL4V titanium alloy.
The addition of Halo has also brought some problems to racing engineers, that is, aerodynamics needs to be redesigned, and teams need to reduce the aerodynamic loss of turbulent wake entering the engine inlet and tail, so many teams have added some small tails and fairings to Halo to improve aerodynamics.
Neck seat belt: Hans
In addition to the halo system, Hans system also contributed. Hans' full name is Hyde? And then what? Neck? Support? The Chinese name is head and neck support system. Its function is to protect the driver's head and neck from serious injury when he is hit hard.
Hans has a simple structure. The main body is a U-shaped device, supplemented by shoulder pads, sliding ropes and Hans fixing buckles. The professional Hans system is usually made of carbon fiber and weighs less than 500g g g. When the car is greatly impacted, the six-point seat belt will bind the driver to the seat, but if the head is not protected and fixed, it will be seriously injured. Therefore, Hans is the "six-point seat belt" for the head and cervical vertebrae.
Throw eggs at stones? Single shell is not allowed.
In the event of a serious collision accident, the hard-shell structure of F 1 is the driver's protective cabin, and the hard-shell structure is a carbon fiber shell baked at high temperature. Why can such a shell withstand ultra-high impact without collapse?
To give a simple example, when an egg is uniformly stressed, an egg can bear nearly 30Kg of force, and an egg is about 60 g. 1989, Harry, a citizen of Aichi Prefecture, Japan, supported a large truck with 34 eggs in the front wheel and 52 eggs in the rear wheel.
Because eggshell is a porous solid with sandwich structure, high specific strength and stiffness, and light overall weight, it can transmit force evenly around the whole shell surface under the action of external force, and hard shell is an extension of eggshell principle.
F 1 Racing car takes a single shell as the main body, and other parts are directly connected with the single shell. Therefore, when the impact force acts, the force can be evenly dispersed on each surface, which also brings stronger torsional strength than the traditional load-bearing structure car body. In addition, the weight of carbon fiber is less than a quarter of that of steel, but the tensile strength reaches 3500Mpa. So in the face of impact, even if the body disintegrates, the single shell.
Seeing the fire suit, Princess Iron Fan called an expert.
In this accident, the journey through the eighty-one difficulty is not over yet. Although the single shell and halo have withstood the huge impact, the burning flame is unbearable for human beings, so the racing suit saved Grosjean's life. The colorful racing clothes worn by F 1 racers look no different from ordinary clothes, but there are a lot of dry clothes inside.
The most commonly used material for making racing suits is Nomex, which is a patented product registered in 1967 by DuPont. Nomex material is a good high temperature resistant and flame retardant fiber, which can maintain about 80% of its original strength at 200℃ and 65% of its original strength after continuous use 100 hour at 260℃. When an accident causes a fire, the uniform can hold 1 1 sec at the high temperature of 600-800℃, and the temperature inside the uniform will not exceed 4 1 Celsius.
This 1 1 sec is already the golden age for rescuers and drivers to escape and rescue. If it weren't for the protection of fire protection clothing, I'm afraid Gros would be reduced to ashes in less than a second.
After such a huge car accident, thanks to the protection of halo, Hans, single shell and fire suit, Grosjean only burned his hand, and the whole thing was fine. He also said in the hospital that he didn't like Halo a few years ago, and now he thinks it is the greatest equipment brought by F 1.
When watching the game, we have to sigh the progress of science and technology. It is powerful technology that ensures the safety of drivers. If these technologies had come out earlier, maybe the car god Senna would not have left us.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.