What are the countermeasures for scientific and technological innovation management? First, optimize the system and mechanism and always adhere to scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation. Two-wheel drive to stimulate innovation vitality and give full play to the main role of enterprise innovation;
Second, adhere to the project-driven, highlight the effectiveness of research and development, and seriously study the key and difficult issues in the current business areas such as tobacco production, cigarette marketing, logistics and distribution, and enterprise management in accordance with the requirements put forward by Director Wu. Each unit focuses on one or two projects with weight in various fields every year to tackle key problems, and strives to achieve one or two practical results every year. It will take three to five years to raise the production, operation and management level of the whole system to a new level and walk to the forefront of the country;
The third is to improve the comprehensive standard system of enterprises, explore the extension of the standard system to the grassroots level, and promote the effective implementation of standards in every post and every link; Fourth, strengthen the construction of innovative talents, vigorously carry out mass innovation activities, and create? Innovation? Strong atmosphere.
What are the countermeasures for scientific and technological innovation management? 1. Independent innovation must attach importance to patent applications, especially invention patents, and compete with foreign countries on the high platform of intellectual property rights. We should encourage invention, creation and innovation more, and make intellectual property an important means to promote the development of national economy. Only in this way can we formulate scientific intellectual property strategies and policies and straighten out the intellectual property management system and mechanism. 2. Continue? Innovation? Reform of the education system. Among the basic conditions of scientific and technological innovation, the most important is probably the education system. China's traditional education system focuses on imparting knowledge, with heavy content and lack of vitality, which is not conducive to the formation of creative ability in a sense. There are many places to be improved in the curriculum, teaching methods and evaluation methods of education in China.
3. The government should provide effective institutional support. The state's institutional support for independent scientific and technological innovation should be comprehensive and effective. For example, an effective project evaluation and financial support system; Government procurement system conducive to independent innovation; Have a wise industrial policy; Having a reasonable intellectual property system; Social financing system conducive to scientific and technological entrepreneurship; The government provides special funds for enterprises to build their own brands, and will also give corresponding support in research and development and independent innovation; Give income tax credit or tax refund to domestic and overseas R&D investment of enterprises; Establish R&D and brand risk funds, and the government and enterprises will share the risks; Improve the management system of science and technology funds, strengthen the supervision of funds, and improve transparency.
4. Cultivate innovation-related intermediaries. In order to better transform scientific research achievements into productive forces, it is necessary to improve the quality of technology transfer services and form a service system composed of a number of intermediaries, evaluation agencies, law firms and high-quality technology brokers. It is necessary to strengthen the design of incentive policies to support the rapid growth of these technical service institutions and employees, such as allowing some technical service institutions to enjoy the same policies as high-tech enterprises.
5. Promote school-enterprise cooperation to cultivate innovative talents, encourage joint training of graduate students, and promote the flow of personnel among the three parties.
6. It is necessary to establish a guidance and restraint mechanism to stimulate enterprises to increase their investment in R&D, give play to the leading role of enterprises in integrating innovation resources in the whole society, and thus improve the overall intensity of innovation activities in the whole society.
7. Government departments will continue to increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, focusing on supporting public welfare, basic and forward-looking projects.
8. Create a good cultural environment. For example, there is a social atmosphere that respects knowledge and talents; There is a standardized social atmosphere that loves science, academic education and letting a hundred flowers blossom, a hundred schools of thought contend, pursues truth and seeks truth from facts; Praise the spirit of innovation, allow failure and encourage innovation.
What are the countermeasures for scientific and technological innovation management? 1. Increase enterprise investment.
According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2004, 72% of large and medium-sized enterprises in China had no technology development institutions, and 2/3 of them had no technology development activities. In the same period, the R&D investment of Korean enterprises accounted for 75% of the total R&D investment in China. Enterprises become the main force of technological innovation, and a large number of industrial technologies and high-tech are completed by enterprises. The absolute and relative investment of China enterprises in R&D is still relatively small, so it is necessary to increase investment. Through bond financing, project financing, equity financing, overseas listing and other ways, the government investment and domestic and foreign social investment will be combined to form a capital investment channel with government financial allocation as the guide, self-raised funds as the main body, financial loans as the support, social fund-raising and foreign capital introduction as the supplement.
2. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the new force of technological innovation.
Technological innovation is risky and effective. Innovation mechanism often needs strong property rights incentives, keen value discovery ability, flexible decision-making mechanism, institutional arrangements that respect individuals, and organizations and mechanisms that are brave enough to take risks and are conducive to dispersing risks. Private small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises have become a new force in technological innovation because they are more in line with these characteristics. Even in the United States, where large enterprises are very powerful, 83% of technological innovations still come from small and medium-sized enterprises, which is the best example. Therefore, establish? A technological innovation system with enterprises as the mainstay and Industry-University-Research as the combination? Under the policy environment provided by the government, universities, scientific research institutions, small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises give full play to their comparative advantages and choose freely under the role of the market. Universities and enterprises? Two skins? An important reason is that both are indispensable? Combination? Platform. In today's increasingly detailed social division of labor, trying to? School-run enterprises? The transformation of scientific and technological achievements through internal circulation is not ideal; Trying to rely on the activities of R&D University instead? Enterprise research and development center? Solving the lack of innovation ability of enterprises will not achieve good results. Industry-University-Research integration can take many forms. The country is big? Special? It is an important platform for gathering scientific and technological strength in Industry-University-Research, and it is also a good effect for enterprises to entrust schools to carry out projects. Successful examples in Silicon Valley and some domestic science and technology parks show that with the support and matching of market-oriented and professional financial services and technical services, many entrepreneurs and small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises can attract talents from colleges and universities by absorbing the diffusion effect of scientific and technological activities in colleges and universities, give play to the agglomeration effect of innovative enterprises to carry out technological transformation activities, and create conditions for the industrial application of scientific and technological achievements. Are you online? Industry-University-Research combination? In many forms, this is a powerful form? Bond? .
3. Establish a market-oriented research and development model.
At present, technological innovation has gone beyond scientific discovery and invention in the general sense, forming a new concept of economic development, emphasizing the combination of technological elements and other new elements, and its driving force mainly comes from the market, which is the basic starting point and final destination of technological innovation. The establishment of scientific research projects should be based on market demand. Scientific research institutes should cultivate the market concept of managers and scientific and technological personnel, completely change the old mindset and change the research and development model. When establishing a scientific research project, we should change the past end mechanism into the source mechanism, that is, seek the combination with relevant enterprises from the beginning of scientific research project, let the industry enter the whole process of project establishment, research and conclusion, establish a close cooperative partnership between scientific research units and production units, and let the formed technological innovation directly enter the enterprise, face the market and serve the society. For such joint development projects, the government should give priority to the establishment, approval and financial care. Of course, in the form of Industry-University-Research combination, we need to deepen the development, from one-time cooperation between enterprises in Industry-University-Research to the implementation of Industry-University-Research combination, to build enterprise technology centers, and scientific research units to participate in enterprise activities with technical knowledge as capital. For non-Industry-University-Research joint projects, when applying for projects, the information of scientific and technological innovation should be organically linked with the industrialized operation of innovative technologies. Scientific researchers should not only be responsible for scientific research projects, but also have the responsibility to provide detailed development information of market application prospect and industrialization investment estimation of this technology during project demonstration for experts' reference. Only in this way can we reduce the blindness of the development of scientific and technological achievements, realize the productization and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and have strong support for the transformation and popularization of scientific and technological achievements.
4. Realize the organic combination of basic research and technological innovation.
Regarding the relationship between basic research and technological innovation, many people have a mindset that there is no applied research without basic research, and there is no technological development without applied research. This view is debatable. In the process of human understanding of the objective world, people may have different views on whether production practice and technological progress come first or basic theory comes first. But what is certain is that basic research and technological development are not a one-way causal relationship, but a dialectical relationship that promotes each other. Basic research, applied research and technological development cannot be regarded as a one-way assembly line, and many major scientific and technological innovations in history and reality cannot be explained by this assembly line. Before our ancestors invented the compass, they didn't know the basic theories of magnetism and geomagnetic field. American inventor Edison obtained more than 1000 patents in his life. He didn't complete important inventions such as electric light because he first mastered the relevant basic theories of light, electricity, materials and other disciplines. In fact, many scientific and technological innovations can hardly be simply defined as basic research, applied research or technological development. Many problems we encounter in economic construction and social development are also such compound scientific and technological problems. The solution of these scientific and technological problems requires not only technological innovation, but also breakthroughs in basic theoretical research. It requires multidisciplinary technical experts and theoretical workers to work together to tackle key problems and explore solutions in practice. It is hard to say whether there will be a breakthrough in technology or theory in the future. To solve these scientific and technological problems, we must not follow the above-mentioned one-dimensional one-way model, first engage in basic theoretical research, and then engage in technological development. The progress of basic science is inseparable from the new breakthrough of technology, and the development of technology often needs the cultivation of basic theory, creative thinking and creative practice. Therefore, technological innovation and knowledge innovation should not be separated, and division of labor should be implemented.