What is the difference between different shapes of bicycle disc brake pads? Is there a difference between good and bad?

Mainly because the materials are different, one is high temperature resistance, the other is high hardness and certain elasticity.

The rotten disc will burn terribly when it goes down the mountain. If you brake suddenly again, you will get marks and the disc will be scrapped.

The appearance of a good dish has large air resistance, good air cooling performance and no gnawing.

In other words, the more complex the shape, the better, and the corresponding processing is difficult and costly. But the material is the key.