Who invented bolts and screws?

Now many things have to be fixed together with screws. Looking around the house, everything you can see with your eyes-from furniture to food processors-is connected with screws. Spiral objects were invented more than 2000 years ago, but they have been used to fix things for less than 500 years. The first person to describe the spiral was the Greek scientist Archimedes (about 287 BC-2 BC12 BC). Archimedean spiral is a huge spiral in a wooden cylinder, which is used to lift water from one floor to another and irrigate fields.

Its real inventor may not be Archimedes himself. Maybe he just described something that already exists. Perhaps it was designed by craftsmen in ancient Egypt to use irrigation on both sides of the Luo Yi River.

Archimedean spiral was used to carry water in the whole ancient society, and no one considered changing it into a fixed part. For example, the Romans used it to drain water. In the Middle Ages, carpenters used wooden nails or metal nails to connect furniture with wooden buildings. Around A.D. 1550, the earliest metal nuts and bolts as fasteners appeared in Europe, all of which were made by hand on simple wooden lathe. Nail manufacturers began to produce nails with spiral lines, so that things can be connected more firmly. This is a small step from this nail to the screw. 1797, Maudslay invented the all-metal precision screw lathe in London. The following year, Wilkinson made a nut and bolt making machine in the United States. Both machines can produce universal nuts and bolts. That is to say, at the end of 18, screws were widely used as fixing parts because a cheap manufacturing method had been found. Although it is only a small fastener, the screw has not stopped improving. /kloc-wooden screws have existed since 0/550, and screwdriver was not invented until 1774. 1936, Henry M. Philips applied for the patent of cross slotted head screw, which marked the great progress of screw basic technology. Different from the traditional slotted head screw, the edge of slotted head screw. This design makes the screwdriver center automatically and is not easy to slide down, so it is very popular.