1. Imperial College was the highest national institution of higher learning in ancient China. The name of imperial academy began in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The names of universities in Xia, Shang and Zhou are different. During the Five Emperors, the University was named, in the summer, and in the Shang Dynasty, located in the western suburbs of Luoyi City.
2. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu's suggestions of "Three Strategies for Heaven and Man" and "May Your Majesty start a career in imperial academy and establish a master to support the people of the world" were adopted, and imperial academy was established in Chang 'an, the capital. During Wang Mang's rebellion, "the rites and music fell apart, and the canon was incomplete", and "scholars in the world cared more about books and fled to the forest" was a kind of business loss.
When Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor, the military did not rest, that is, culture and education were first promoted.
The Imperial College of the Eastern Han Dynasty was founded in October of the fifth year of Jianwu (AD 29). Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty set up imperial academy, visited elegant Confucianism and collected classical prose. Sifang bachelor cloud met the capital Luoyang, so he established the Five Classics Doctor. In the twenty-seventh year of Jianwu, imperial academy Lecture Hall was "ten (ten) feet long and three feet wide". In the sixth year of Yongjian (130), Emperor Shun of Han wrote: "Catch up with learning, and all the structures built are 240 and 1850". There are 165438+2000 workers every year, and the construction scale has reached an unprecedented level. By the time of Emperor Gaozu's wisdom, there were more than 30,000 students in the Imperial College.
4. Chinese name
Imperial academy (feudal period of China)
nature
Ancient national university
The earliest dynasty
Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-25 AD)
come from
Dabaiji
The origin of imperial academy
The word "imperial academy" existed in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Dai Li's story says: "When the emperor entered imperial academy, the teacher asked." Imperial academy in the Western Zhou Dynasty, also known as the Great Scholar, was jointly established by the emperor and the vassals. "The university students are in the suburbs, the emperor is called Bi Yong, and the princes are called Pan Gong".
But Biyong and Pangu are not pure universities. This place is also like a palace, where nobles often offer sacrifices, hold banquets, choose warriors and discuss battle plans. After winning the battle, I also came here to "offer prisoners" and "report merits". This is because: "There are not many ancient palaces, and all ceremonies such as sacrificial ceremonies, military ceremonies, learning ceremonies, longevity, calendar management, pension, learning to shoot, and obeying sages are salty in the Ming Hall. Tang Ming, Taimiao, Taixue and Lingtai are one place. "
Bi Yong
Although there were imperial academy in ancient times, Tang Ming and imperial academy were mixed, and various activities such as politics, sacrifice and study were mixed together, which did not have the professionalism and systematicness of feudal education. This can only be said to be the bud of Imperial College.
6.
Historical origin
Imperial academy, an ancient university in China, was founded in the fifth year of Han Yuan Shuo. Ancient universities were called Cheng Jun and Shandong. Dong Zhongshu: "Five emperors are famous universities, and Zheng Xuan:" Shangdong is a university, in the western suburbs of Wangcheng. "As for the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the university is in the east in summer, the Yin Dynasty is in the right, and there are five in the Zhou Dynasty: east in the east, west in the school, south in the school, north in the school, and middle in the school.
7? Imperial academy was established in the capital in the Han Dynasty, which was the central official school and the highest institution of higher learning. Imperial College London provides drinks and is responsible for the national education administration. After the Sui Dynasty, it was changed to imperial academy, and imperial academy was also found in imperial academy.
Taixue architecture
Imperial College is the highest educational institution in China, located in Shi Jing, which appeared in the Han Dynasty.
8. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the study of Huang Lao prevailed, with only private lectures and no government schools to teach academics. After Emperor Wu deposed hundreds of Confucian scholars, he adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and started to establish imperial academy in Chang 'an. At first, imperial academy had only five doctors of Confucian classics and 50 doctoral disciples. From Liang Wudi to Xin Mang, imperial academy's subjects and students gradually increased, and courses such as The Book of Changes, The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Biography of the Ram, The Biography of Gu Liang, Zuo Zhuan, Zhou Guan and Er Ya were opened. The number of doctoral students reached 1000 in the Han and Yuan Dynasties, and increased to 3,000 in the Han Dynasty.
9. Wang Mang is in charge of politics. In order to establish his own reputation and win over the majority of Confucian scholars, he built Biyong and Tang Ming in the south of Chang 'an, and built houses for Confucian scholars. There are more than 10,000 doctoral students, and the scale of imperial academy is unprecedented. Emperor Wu to Wang Mang, 18 years old or a doctoral student. Those who are elected can be supplemented by officials.
10. Western Han Dynasty
Imperial academy was established in Chang 'an in the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (124 BC). At Imperial College, a doctor was appointed as a professor. At the beginning, Dr. Wu Jing was established to teach Confucian classics such as poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, Yi, Spring and Autumn Period. When Xuan Di was in office, the number of doctors increased to 12, and when Wang Mang was in office, it increased to 30. Students are called "doctoral students" or "business students". When imperial academy was first established, there were 50 people, which increased to1000 when Emperor Zhao was in the Han Dynasty and to 10000 when Wang Mang was in the Han Dynasty. "Doctoral disciples" enjoy the privilege of being exempted from voluntary labor. "Selection of doctoral students" is selected by Taichang and selected by counties and countries.
1 1. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also ordered all counties and countries in the world to set up school officials, and initially established a local education system. Imperial academy and Hexian Sinology mainly cultivated feudal bureaucrats who ruled the people, but it also played an important role in spreading culture. From Wei and Jin Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties, imperial academy, Guo Zi School, imperial academy or both were the highest institutions of learning that taught Confucian classics.
Dong Zhongshu
Han Wei
In the fifth year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 29), Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, built the imperial academy outside Kaiyang Gate in the southeast of Luoyang City. Later, Emperor Liu Zhuang went to imperial academy to give lectures.
12. imperial academy was rebuilt and expanded in the first year of Yongshun (AD 126). It took one year to build 240 rooms and 1850 rooms, with112,000 employees. The enrolled students are called Thai students. Since then, the number of students in Taiwan Province has reached 30,000. In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu Xiping (AD 175), in order to publish serious books and characters, the famous Xiping Shijing was carved and set up outside imperial academy. People from all over the country come to watch and copy scriptures. Imperial College in Han Dynasty played a certain role in cultivating talents and promoting cultural development.
13. But with the political corruption, Taiwan Province students began to participate in politics. When the Western Han Dynasty mourned for the Emperor, Wang Xian, a doctoral disciple, gathered more than a thousand students to rescue Bao Xuan, a captain who was lax in law enforcement. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chen Fan and others opposed the dark rule of eunuchs and got the support and response of Imperial College, so Imperial College also became the target of eunuch's attack (see Party History), and many people implicated in the Party were imprisoned. In the first year of Xiping, more than a thousand business students were arrested and imprisoned by eunuchs.