The light bulb was invented by Henry Goebbels.
Many other people before Edison also made a lot of contributions to the invention of the electric light. In 1801, British chemist Davy electrified platinum wire to produce light. He also invented the electric candle in 1810, which used arc lighting between two carbon rods.
In 1854, Henry Goebbels used a carbonized bamboo filament and placed it under a vacuum glass bottle to energize it and emit light. His invention today appears to be the first practical incandescent light bulb. The light bulb he tested at that time could last for 400 hours, but he did not apply for a design patent in time.
After Edison purchased the patent, he tried to improve the filament he used. In 1879, he changed to using carbon filament to make a light bulb, which successfully lasted for 13 hours. By 1880, the carbonized bamboo filament light bulb he created successfully lasted 1,200 hours in the laboratory.
But in England, Swann sued Edison for patent infringement and won. Edison's electric light company in England was forced to bring Swann on as a partner. But later Swann sold his rights and patents to Edison.
The principle of light bulb:
The structure of a light bulb can be simply divided into three parts: lamp holder, wick, and glass bulb. The structure of the wick is an important condition for luminescence. The wick is composed of three closed wires, namely A tungsten wire, C guide wire, and G guide wire. Among them, the A and G wires are both copper wires and have relatively low resistance; while the A tungsten wire has a slightly higher resistance.
When the current enters from the H tin solder joint and passes through A, C, and G in sequence, when the current reaches the tungsten wire with greater resistance, it starts to generate heat. After reaching a certain temperature, the tungsten wire will produce thermal radiation. And shine.
From the perspective of physical energy, the principle of luminescence of incandescent lamps is actually very simple. It can be divided into two processes: first, electrical energy is converted into thermal energy (thermal effect); then thermal energy is converted into light energy (thermal energy). Not all will be converted into light energy, there will be some other consumption).
Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Light Bulb