With the improvement of living standards, people eat better and better. However, it is precisely because of eating too well and some bad living habits that coronary heart disease, which is usually easy for adults, especially middle-aged and elderly people, begins to "sprout" from adolescence.
Professor Hu Dayi, a famous cardiovascular expert in China, said that every increase in cholesterol 1% will increase the risk of death from coronary heart disease by 2%. The cholesterol of adults in Beijing increased from 1984 to 1999, with an average increase of 24%. In the same period, the mortality rate of myocardial infarction in male adults aged 35-40 increased by 65438 05.4%, of which 77% was caused by the increase of cholesterol.
According to Professor Yang Yuejin, vice president of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, hyperlipidemia mainly refers to high cholesterol. Nowadays, not only many young and middle-aged people have coronary artery plaques and sclerosis, but even primary and middle school students also have coronary artery plaques, indicating that the "bud" of coronary heart disease has begun in adolescence.
Professor Hu Dayi said that although the consequences of disability or sudden death caused by myocardial infarction mostly occur in adults, the disease started several years ago. After ten or even decades of "hard development" of arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction will suddenly occur without symptoms in the body.
Therefore, prevention of coronary heart disease should not wait for middle-aged and elderly people, but should start from teenagers!
Myth 2: Coronary heart disease is a "patent" for fat people, and thin people don't have to worry.
In real life, people often complain to a voice: "Isn't it said that fat people are prone to coronary heart disease?" I am so thin, how can I get coronary heart disease? Will there be a problem with the diagnosis? "It can be seen that they regard coronary heart disease as a" patent "for fat people.
Generally speaking, fat people have higher blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid, and the probability of heart disease is also higher, so doctors often ask people to lose weight and maintain a suitable weight. However, thin people should never relax their vigilance, because there are many factors leading to heart disease, such as too much homocysteine, long-term depression or tension, lack of exercise, etc., which have little to do with people's body shape. In addition, diseases such as hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are not the "patents" of fat people, and thin people will also get these diseases.
Therefore, there is no absolute "bystander" in front of coronary heart disease! Everyone should put the prevention of coronary heart disease on the agenda of self-care!
Myth 3: Coronary heart disease is a medical disease, which has nothing to do with inflammation and infection.
Recently, a new medical study pointed out that painless and persistent chronic inflammation in human body is the most important inducing factor of heart disease, even more important than hypercholesterolemia.
Experts have found that chronic inflammation in any part of the body, such as chronic gingivitis and other inflammatory reactions caused by low-level infections, can produce inflammatory proteins. After these inflammatory proteins enter the blood circulation, they can cause damage to arterial blood vessels, so that the lipid and other attachments on the inner wall of blood vessels disintegrate and fall off, and stab into platelet aggregation, thus forming thrombus, blocking coronary artery and leading to heart disease.
Therefore, only thorough examination and eradication of chronic inflammatory lesions in the body can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
Myth 4: Men are more likely to suffer from coronary heart disease than women.
As we all know, the prevalence of coronary heart disease in men is generally higher than that in women, but this difference between men and women mainly occurs before the age of 50. Before the age of 50, the degree of coronary atherosclerosis in women was lighter and slower than that in men, but after the age of 50, the development of coronary atherosclerosis in women accelerated and soon caught up with that in men. It is generally believed that this phenomenon is related to the protective effect of endogenous estrogen before menopause.
Some data show that after natural menopause, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased to some extent, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased. At the same time, it was found that the adverse effects of fibrin and coagulation factors were aggravated after menopause. Dyslipidemia in patients with coronary heart disease was improved after diethylstilbestrol treatment. The protective effect of women after menopause is obviously weakened, so the prevalence of coronary heart disease is obviously increased, which is "neck and neck" with men.
Therefore, for coronary heart disease, female friends (especially after menopause) should not be taken lightly! Doing a good job of prevention, starting from small things, establishing a healthy lifestyle, changing bad habits, drinking less, smoking less, reasonable nutrition, persisting in exercise, and maintaining a good mental state and healthy weight can greatly reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Myth 5: Once you get coronary heart disease, your condition will only get worse.
Most people think that once arteriosclerosis and coronary artery stenosis are formed, the condition of coronary heart disease will become more and more serious. However, the results of a study for more than ten years show that if we can follow a balanced low-fat diet, take effective drugs to reduce and soften blood vessels under the guidance of doctors, adhere to proper physical exercise, quit smoking, drink less, control weight, and maintain a good mental state, we can not only make patients with coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure and other types of heart disease live a meaningful life, but also effectively prevent arteriosclerosis and even improve their condition to some extent.
Myth 6: If you feel uncomfortable with chest pain, you can wait for it to disappear.
Chest pain, chest tightness, palpitation and shortness of breath are the "initial symptoms" of coronary heart disease. These symptoms are mild at first, transient, and will soon relieve themselves. Therefore, some patients are used to it, afraid of trouble, and unwilling to go to the hospital for examination and treatment, so that their condition becomes more and more serious and even leads to life-threatening emergencies.
Therefore, turning a blind eye to the symptoms of heart problems is the worst attitude! If you have heart problems, you should take active preventive measures. Don't take it lightly. When should I go to the hospital for examination and treatment? Otherwise there will be serious consequences.
Myth 7: Only high-intensity exercise can benefit the heart.
Some people think that only high-intensity exercise can maximize the aerobic capacity of the body and benefit the cardiovascular system. High-intensity exercise can reduce the risk factors of a cardiovascular disease, but it can't prevent family history of heart disease or high cholesterol. Top athletes may also have myocardial infarction or other current problems.
In fact, moderate-intensity sports, such as lawn mowing, room vacuuming, regular walking, fitness gymnastics, jogging and so on. , can greatly reduce the risk of heart disease. Stick to it several times a day, each time lasting 15~20 minutes. This kind of exercise is as beneficial as longer exercise.
Myth 8: There is no time relationship between medication for coronary heart disease.
The study on the onset time of cardiovascular diseases shows that the occurrence of cardiovascular emergencies such as myocardial infarction has two peaks in one day, that is, there is a peak at 1~2 hours after getting up and a peak at1~12 hours after getting up, and the first peak is more obvious.
Experts pointed out that if you can take medicine before the sudden peak, it will undoubtedly reduce the risk of sudden cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Commonly used drugs used to treat cardiovascular diseases can reach the effective therapeutic concentration about 24 hours after taking, so the drugs once a day should be taken at 6: 00 am, 6: 00 am and 3: 00 pm, three times a day, at 6: 00 am, 12 and 5: 00 pm respectively, which can inhibit the appearance of bimodal and reduce the risk of sudden heart attack and stroke.
Myth 9: Heart surgery is dangerous.
Many people think that cardiac surgery is dangerous, and they are still reluctant to choose minimally invasive and effective cardiac intervention in an emergency, resulting in missing the opportunity for treatment.
Clinical medical research has confirmed that the treatment effect of patients with acute coronary heart disease is the best within 6 hours. At present, about 90% patients with acute coronary heart disease in developed countries choose advanced surgical treatment methods such as cardiac intervention in emergency treatment, which reduces the mortality rate of the disease from 30% to less than 5%. In China, 70% of patients with acute coronary heart disease still choose drugs for conservative treatment, which leads to various adverse consequences. Therefore, patients with acute coronary heart disease should abandon their ideological concerns, strive for early prevention and treatment, and obtain the best treatment effect.
Misunderstanding 10: Put on the bracket and everything will be fine.
There is no doubt that stents are the gospel of patients with coronary heart disease. If stents are placed in time in patients with acute myocardial infarction, the mortality rate can be reduced to 5%~6%. Patients with non-acute and severe angina pectoris can quickly disappear after stenting, achieve immediate results, and even resume physical activity, and everything will be fine.
In fact, stent therapy is only one kind of physical therapy, which can relieve myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris by improving local stenosis of blood vessels. However, any series of patients with atherosclerosis may only show certain coronary artery stenosis on coronary angiography, but in general, once plaque formation is found on coronary angiography, multiple atherosclerotic lesions may appear in the whole coronary artery, and stenosis may also appear in other parts. Coronary stent implantation can solve severe stenosis, and some mild lesions are sometimes difficult to find even on coronary angiography, but they are often the "culprit" of acute coronary syndrome, and the danger still exists. Just like a person with dental caries, it means that the whole mouth has problems, so it is necessary to strengthen the protection of the whole mouth teeth. If only the dental caries are pulled out, the second and third dental caries will be produced.
Therefore, even if the stent is placed, it is necessary to carry out anticoagulation and lipid regulation, all-round protection of Chinese and western medicines, and pay attention to the improvement of lifestyle in order to achieve the best clinical effect. Stent implantation can only be regarded as an emergency treatment, not a "symbol of life saving". For patients who have been rescued, the most important thing is secondary prevention-to prevent recurrence!
Myth 1 1: There is no need for lipid-lowering drugs if the blood lipid test results are normal.
Although some patients' blood lipids are within the normal range, they still insist on using lipid-lowering drugs, which can stabilize coronary atherosclerotic plaques. At this time, the use of lipid-lowering drugs is actually to play a cardiovascular protection role other than the lipid-lowering effect of drugs, rather than lowering blood lipids.