The difference between baking soda, baking soda and soda soda 2010-09-09 00:52:03 Read 25 Comments 0 Font size: Large, Medium and Small Subscription
(1) Baking soda: carbonic acid Sodium hydrogen (NaHCO3) NaHCO3 is commonly known as baking soda, also known as raw sodium carbonate or heavy alkali or acid sodium carbonate. It is a white powder with slightly less solubility in water than sodium carbonate. The aqueous solution is slightly alkaline and solid sodium bicarbonate decomposes when heated. NaHCO3 is the main component of baking powder. It is also used as a raw material for making fire extinguishing agents, baking powder or refreshing drinks. It is also used as a foaming agent in the rubber industry. Sodium bicarbonate can be produced by absorbing CO2 from sodium carbonate solution or crystallized sodium carbonate. It is also an intermediate product of soda ash produced by the ammonia-alkali process.
Generally speaking, the thermal stability of carbonic acid and carbonates has the following rules:
(1) H2CO3
(3) Alkali metal carbonates＞alkaline earth metal carbonates＞Transition Metal carbonates
(2) Soda: Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) Na2CO3 is also called soda ash, commonly known as soda. Anhydrous sodium carbonate is white powder or fine particles, which melts without decomposing when heated to 851°C. Na2CO3 is easily soluble in water and releases heat when dissolved. Since Na2CO3 is a strong base and weak acid salt, its aqueous solution is alkaline. When sodium carbonate exists as hydrate, it includes Na2CO3·H2O, Na2CO3·7H2O, and Na2CO3·10H2O. The daily edible alkali is mainly sodium carbonate decahydrate, commonly known as washing soda. Na2CO3 exists in saline-alkali lakes in mainland my country. At low temperatures, crystals will precipitate on the lake surface, called trona. Transparent crystalline sodium carbonate decahydrate easily loses crystal water and turns into powder in dry air, mainly converting into sodium carbonate monohydrate. Sodium carbonate is highly hygroscopic and can form hard lumps after absorbing moisture. The biggest use of sodium carbonate is to make glass, and it is also an important raw material for paper making, soap, detergent, textile, tanning, petroleum, dye, food and other industries. In industry, soda ash can replace sodium hydroxide to neutralize acid. It is used as a flux in the metallurgical industry, as a softener in water purification, as a degreasing agent on the surface of mechanical parts, and as other compounds used to make sodium. Sodium carbonate can be processed from natural minerals (sodaite Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O, also known as trona), and is mostly made from ammonia, carbon dioxide and saturated salt water as raw materials. Generally speaking, the thermal stability of carbonic acid and carbonates has the following rules:
(1) H2CO3＜MHCO3＜M2CO3 (M is an alkali metal)
(2) The same main substance Carbonates of group elements (such as alkali metal elements): Li2CO3＜Na2CO3＜K2CO3＜Rb2CO3
(3) Alkali metal carbonates＞alkaline earth metal carbonates＞transition metal carbonates
(3) Sodium thiosulfate: Sodium thiosulfate (
. Soda
Soda is the transliteration of Soda, and its chemical formula is Na2CO3. It has many names, and its scientific name is carbonic acid Sodium, whose common name is soda, is also called soda ash or soda ash. The one with crystallized water is called hydrated sodium carbonate, including sodium carbonate monohydrate (Na2CO3·H2O), sodium carbonate heptahydrate (Na2CO3·7H2O) and sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3·7H2O). Na2CO3·10H2O) three kinds. Sodium carbonate decahydrate is also called washing soda, washing soda or crystal soda.
Anhydrous sodium carbonate is white powder or fine particles, easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is alkaline. It has strong hygroscopicity and can absorb moisture in the air and form hard lumps. Sodium carbonate decahydrate is a colorless crystal. When placed in the air at room temperature, it will lose crystal water and become sodium carbonate decahydrate. Sodium carbonate monohydrate will turn into anhydrous sodium carbonate when heated. Sodium carbonate is very stable and does not decompose easily when heated. It can release carbon dioxide:
Na2CO3+2HCl====2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑. ?
Sodium carbonate solution can also absorb carbon dioxide to form sodium bicarbonate:
Na2CO3+H2O+CO2====2NaHCO3
Among the three sodas , Sodium carbonate is the most widely used. It is a very important chemical product and an important raw material for glass, soap, textile, papermaking, leather and other industries.
It is also used in the metallurgical industry and in water purification. It is also used in the manufacture of other sodium compounds. As early as the 18th century, it was listed as one of the basic chemical raw materials - three acids and two alkali, along with sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and caustic soda. Soda also has many uses in daily life. For example, it can be used directly as a detergent. Adding some soda when steaming steamed buns can neutralize the acidic substances produced during the fermentation process.
2. Baking soda
The chemical formula of baking soda is NaHCO3. It also has many names, the scientific name is sodium bicarbonate, also known as sodium bicarbonate or sodium acid carbonate. In addition to baking soda, common names include baking soda, fermented soda, and heavy alkali.
Baking soda is white crystal, soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is weakly alkaline. In hot air, it can slowly decompose and release a part of carbon dioxide; when heated to 270°C, all carbon dioxide will be released.
2NaHCO3====Na2CO3+H2O+CO2↑, it can also react with acid (such as hydrochloric acid) to release carbon dioxide:
NaHCO3+HCl====NaCl+H2O+ CO2↑
These properties of baking soda make it have many important uses in production and life. In fire extinguishers, it is one of the raw materials that produce carbon dioxide; in the food industry, it is a main raw material for baking powder; it is also a commonly used raw material when making refreshing drinks; in medicine, it is used to treat gastric acid Too much of one potion.
3. Big soda
Big soda is the common name of sodium thiosulfate, also called Haibo (transliteration of Hypo), with five crystal waters (Na2S2O3·5H2O), Therefore, it is also called sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate.
Sodium soda is a colorless and transparent crystal, easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is weakly alkaline. It weathers and loses crystal water in dry air above 33°C. It is relatively stable in neutral and alkaline solutions, but will decompose rapidly in acidic solutions.
Na2S2O3+2HCl====2NaCl+H2O+S↓+SO2↑?
Big soda has strong complexing ability and can form a complex with silver bromide . Reaction formula: AgBr+2Na2S2O3====NaBr+Na3 [Ag(S2O3)2]. Based on this property, it can be used as a fixing agent. During phase washing, excess baking soda reacts with the silver bromide in the unsensitized part of the film and converts it into soluble Na3 [Ag(S2O3)2]. The AgBr is removed and the developed part is fixed.
Baking soda also has strong reducing properties and can reduce chlorine and other substances.
Na2S2O3+4Cl2+5H2O====H2SO4+2NaCl+6HCl, so it can be used as a dechlorination agent after bleaching cotton fabrics. In a similar way, iodine stains on fabrics can also be removed with it.
In addition, sodium carbonate is also used for tanning leather, electroplating and extracting silver from ores. Sodium carbonate is highly alkaline because it contains carbonate and releases carbon dioxide when it encounters hydrogen ions. Sodium thiosulfate, aqueous solution is weakly alkaline. Not commonly used. Sodium bicarbonate, white, slightly alkaline aqueous solution. Neutralize excessive gastric acid, make dough, steamed buns, etc. It can convert with sodium carbonate into 2NaHCO3====Na2CO3+H2O+CO2↑