1, according to the size of the room heating area to judge the required energy. In the northern region, the lowest temperature in winter is about MINUS 30 degrees Celsius. If it is a room with good thermal insulation effect, it needs about 0 or 8 kWh of energy per square meter every day. 100 flat rooms need 80KWH of energy every day. If your walls are not insulated, you will need more energy.
2. Judge the received energy according to the size of the solar receiver area. In the unpolluted areas in the north (some cities have serious air pollution and insufficient illumination), in the coldest 1 month, the energy of sunlight hitting the solar receiver vertically is about 3KWH per square meter every day. The better photothermal conversion efficiency of the receiver is about 50%. To receive 80KWH of energy, at least 60 square meters of receivers should be installed. In this way, the energy received every day is enough for heating that day.
Are you going to install energy storage equipment? If your home has enough area, you can install energy storage equipment. First, the received solar energy is converted into heat energy and stored. The energy received every day is not only enough for one day, but also enough for night and cloudy days. Generally, the continuous cloudy days in January in the northern region are not more than three days, which is designed according to the normal heating for three days of continuous cloudy days. The storage energy of the water storage tank should be at least 300KWH. If hot water is used for storage, the hot water tank should be at least 40 cubic meters. (If other storage methods are used, the storage capacity should be equivalent). At the same time, the area of solar receivers should be increased by about one third, that is, about 90 square meters of solar receivers should be installed in the room of 100 square meters. It is difficult to install memory in high-rise buildings, mainly because the memory is too large and there is no place to install it. At present, there is no energy storage device with small volume and low cost, which can store hundreds of kWh of energy. If you don't plan to install energy storage, you must install energy auxiliary equipment. In the northern region, solar energy is only used for heating during the day, and auxiliary energy is used for heating at night and cloudy days. A room of 65,438+000 square meters should be equipped with at least 40 square meters of solar receivers to be of use value.
4. The whole heating device must conform to the law of conservation of energy. In order to make full use of solar energy heating, we must do the following in the design: (1). First of all, according to the size of the heating room and the insulation of the wall, estimate the energy needed every day. Generally, the insulation effect of walls, doors and windows is good. The average heat dissipation power per square meter is about 10 watt (when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is 45 degrees Celsius). 100 square meter room, with an outdoor area of about 320 square meters and a daily (24-hour) heat dissipation energy of about 80KWH. That is to say, an average of about 80KWH of energy is needed every day. (2) Design the receiving area of the solar receiver according to the energy required every day. If the average indoor energy needs 80 kWh per day, the solar receiver should receive at least 120 kWh of energy per day. Among them, 80KWH of energy is used during the day, and the rest is stored for cloudy days. The photothermal conversion efficiency of the solar receiver is calculated to be 50%. In the northern region, solar receivers can receive energy per square meter 1 and 5KWH every day. In order to receive the energy of 1.20kWh, at least 80 square meters of solar receiver should be installed (90 square meters is generally suitable). If it is not an insulated room, the energy required will double. (3) The storage capacity of the accumulator should match the required energy. If the room temperature can be kept above 15℃ for three consecutive cloudy days at -30℃, then the storage capacity of the warehouse should be above 300KWH. If hot water is used for storage, the volume of the hot water tank should not be less than 40 cubic meters. The water temperature of 40 cubic meters of hot water drops by 2 degrees Celsius every cloudy day, providing about 90KWH of energy for the room. If the water temperature drops about 6 degrees Celsius for three consecutive cloudy days, the room temperature can still be kept at 15 degrees Celsius.
5. Before installation, I suggest you go to the area where solar energy heating has been used to inspect the heating effect and investment, preferably in cold winter.
Examples of deception in installing solar heating: This year 1 month, when Mr. Li from Benxi City, Liaoning Province visited the effect and investment of solar heating, he introduced the process of deception to us: he contacted a company that installed solar heating from the Internet, and the company introduced to him that 25 vacuum tubes were installed to receive solar energy, and three sets of lithium bromide vacuum superconducting heating sheets were equipped, which could heat a room of 70 square meters, and no auxiliary energy was needed on sunny days, and it was used automatically on cloudy days. This is the leading heating technology in the world. Solar water heater is used to heat superconducting medium in superconducting radiator. When the temperature rises above 25℃, the superconducting medium in the superconducting radiator is excited and the heat energy is transmitted at the speed of sound. The whole system can be heated to 80℃ in a few minutes (the temperature can be automatically controlled), which saves energy and has a service life of 50 years. After the installation, test it then, and then pay if the effect is achieved. If it doesn't work, it won't be charged. After the installation of his home was completed, the test really felt good at that time. After paying more than eighteen thousand dollars, the installer left. It took him three days to discover that the cloudy days are assisted by electricity, but the sunny days are all electric heating, and the daily electricity consumption is 100 kWh. The solar energy on the house is just a decoration. Then contact the installation company by phone, and the phone number does not exist. In a rage, I found a manufacturer in Beijing, and the manufacturer admitted that it was the equipment they produced, but the publicity effect of the manufacturer was not so good. The factory director said that he was cheated by the installer, which had nothing to do with the manufacturer and asked the installer to return it. He can't contact the installer at all. People who know some scientific principles will not be deceived. In the application of energy, the operation process of any equipment cannot violate the law of conservation of energy. In winter, the energy received by 25 vacuum tubes cannot exceed 10KWH at most. For ordinary rooms, these energies can't reach the heating effect of a 10 square meter room, and it is even more unrealistic to heat a 70 square meter room.
In view of the current situation in solar energy heating, if you want to use solar energy heating, and there are often no people living at home, we suggest that you install the auxiliary facilities in solar energy heating. If all solar energy heating systems are adopted, the investment will inevitably increase. Compared with investing in conventional energy, some facilities are not cost-effective, and most facilities are idle in summer. If solar auxiliary facilities are used, the investment is relatively cost-effective only considering that the pipeline will not freeze when there is no one at home and the heating provided by the community is not used. When you return to your place of residence, the room temperature is already partially inside. When you turn on the conventional energy heating, the temperature will rise faster.
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