At present, the types of patent rights in China include inventions, utility models and designs.
Invention refers to a new technical scheme proposed for a product, method or its improvement. Then most technologies in the computer field can apply for invention patents. For example: components, structures and connection methods in a computer. Software that completes certain functions (virtual memory technology, sliding screen rebound technology of Apple mobile phone). The combination of software and hardware can accomplish certain functions (automatic control). All of the above can apply for invention patents.
Utility model refers to a new practical technical scheme for the shape, structure or combination of products. This kind of patent can only protect the shape and structure. For example: the structure, connection mode and position relationship of each component in the computer.
Appearance design refers to a new design with aesthetic feeling and suitable for industrial application based on the shape, pattern or combination of products and the combination of colors, shapes and patterns. This kind of patent mainly protects the shape or pattern design of the appearance. (The shape of Apple's mobile phone)
To sum up, the computer field is divided into software and hardware. The hardware part can apply for patents for inventions, utility models and designs. A part of software, which combines software and hardware, can only apply for an invention patent.
In addition, if you apply for the protection of the whole integrated circuit board, you can also apply for the protection of the integrated circuit layout, which is also reviewed in China National Intellectual Property Administration, but it is different from patents and is another way to protect rights in the field of intellectual property.