It is generally believed that the electric light was invented by the American Thomas Edison. However, if there is serious research, another American, Henry Goebbels (Heinrich)
G?bel He had invented the same principle and material and a reliable light bulb decades earlier than Edison. Many other people before Edison also made a lot of contributions to the invention of electric lights. In 1801, a British chemist
David electrified platinum wire to emit light. He also invented the electric candle in 1810, using arc lighting between two carbon rods. In 1854, Henry Goebbels used a carbonized bamboo wire and placed it in a vacuum glass bottle. When electricity is applied, it produces light
. His invention today seems to be the first practical incandescent lamp. The bulb he tested at that time could last for 400 hours, but he did not immediately apply for a design patent.
In 1850, the Englishman Joseph Wilson Swan began to study electric lights. In 1878, he obtained the British patent for a light bulb powered by carbon filaments under vacuum and began to establish a company in the UK. , installing electric lights in every home.
In 1874, two Canadian electricians applied for a patent for an electric light. They filled nitrogen gas under the glass bulb and used the electrified carbon rod to emit light. But they could not He had enough financial resources to continue developing this invention, so he sold the patent to Edison in 1875.
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After Edison purchased the patent, he tried to improve the filament used. In 1879, he changed to carbon In 1880, the carbonized bamboo filament light bulb he created successfully lasted for 1,200 hours in the laboratory. However, in the UK, Swann sued Edison for patent infringement, and Won the lawsuit. Edison's electric light company in England was forced to let Swann join as a partner. But later Swann sold his interests and patents to Edison. In the United States, Edison's patents were also Challenge. The U.S. Patent Office once ruled that his invention had a criminal record and was invalid. Finally, after years of litigation, Edison obtained the patent for carbon filament incandescent lamps.
Edison’s biggest discovery was the use of tungsten instead of carbon As a filament. Later in 1906, General Electric invented a method of manufacturing tungsten filament for electric lamps. Finally, a cheap method of manufacturing tungsten filament was solved, and tungsten filament light bulbs are still in use today.
Electricity
The biggest problem with light bulbs is the sublimation of the filament. Because the slight resistance difference on the tungsten filament causes different temperatures. In areas with greater resistance, the temperature rises higher and the tungsten filament also sublimates faster, causing the tungsten filament to become deformed. Thin, a cycle in which the resistance further
increases; eventually the tungsten filament burns out. Later it was discovered that replacing the vacuum with an inert gas can slow down the sublimation of the tungsten filament. Most light bulbs today are filled with nitrogen, argon or Krypton gas. Therefore, technology is constantly improving.