China is the second largest economy in the world, but its innovation ability is not strong enough. The key to innovation and development is to solve the problem of development motivation and lead the high-quality economic and social development with scientific and technological innovation.
Innovation drives development and needs to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength.
In 20021year, China made great efforts to improve the overall efficiency of the national innovation system, optimize the collaborative layout of various innovation platforms, accelerate the construction of national laboratories, and reorganize the national key laboratory system.
"Zu Chongzhi II" and "Nine Chapters II" achieved quantum superiority, "Tianwen No.1" started a trip to Mars, "xi River" achieved zero breakthrough in solar exploration, "Shenzhou XIII" successfully docked with the core cabin of Tianhe, and "Haidu No.1" successfully achieved a 10,000-meter dive ... The synergy of scientific and technological forces not only filled the shortcomings, but also accelerated the breakthrough of key technologies, and built advantages and strengthened.
Innovation drives development, and it is necessary to strengthen the dominant position of enterprise innovation.
Innovation does not ask the source. In all kinds of scientific and technological innovation activities, enterprises are both questioners, respondents and reviewers.
Enterprises participate in major scientific and technological decisions. Of the more than 860 national key R&D plans approved by 20021,more than 680 are led or participated by enterprises, accounting for 79%. Enterprises are the main body of investment in scientific research and development. 76% of the R&D investment in the whole society is invested by enterprises.
More and more scientific and technological enterprises have been incubated and supported to thrive. Small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises put 328,000 into storage. The total number of incubation carriers for various types of scientific and technological entrepreneurship in China exceeds 6.5438+0.5 million, serving 700,000 start-up scientific and technological enterprises and teams.
Innovation drives development and needs to improve and optimize the ecology of scientific and technological innovation.
Deploying innovation chain around the industrial chain and deploying innovation chain around the industrial chain, China's new development momentum is growing, and the innovation ecosystem is gradually prospering. Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, three major international science and technology innovation centers, have been among the top 10 global science and technology innovation clusters.
Major science and technology projects strongly support the development of strategic emerging industries such as mobile communication, new energy, high-end equipment and biomedicine. For example, since the implementation of the major special project of new drug creation, only five new drugs were approved in China before 2008, and now it has reached 75.
The National High-tech Zone has become a demonstration zone for innovation-driven development and a pioneer zone for high-quality development. "The National High-tech Zone has created about 13% of GDP in China with a land area of 0. 1%." According to Shao Xinyu, Vice Minister of Science and Technology, after preliminary accounting, the operating income of the National High-tech Zone in 2002 169 is expected to exceed 48 trillion yuan, an increase of about1year.
Institutional innovation brings new changes.
Putting innovation at the core of the overall development of the country requires comprehensive deepening of reform. Only by comprehensively promoting institutional innovation can we truly implement the new development concept and fall into the focus.
Innovation and development create a good institutional environment for innovation subjects.
In order to gather strategic scientific and technological strength, China has continuously improved the organization and implementation mechanism of major scientific and technological tasks, and deployed and implemented 87 "list" tasks of the first batch of R&D key plans in the 14 th Five-Year Plan.
In order to encourage basic research, China has established a policy system that runs through the whole chain of scientific research activities, with free exploration and goal-oriented "walking on two legs". In 20021year, the investment in basic research was169.6 billion yuan, accounting for 6.09% of the total R&D investment.
In order to encourage researchers to concentrate on R&D, China has optimized the academic environment for scientific research, and carried out pilot reforms in the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements in more than 50 places and units.
The reform also goes deep into the enterprise property rights system, intellectual property rights system, investment and financing system and mechanism, income distribution system, talent introduction and training system and so on. All kinds of institutional innovation is to activate the vitality of all kinds of innovative subjects and promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development.
Innovate and develop to create a good business environment for market players.
In recent years, reform and innovation have been staged frequently in the fields of "simplifying administration and decentralization, strengthening supervision and improving services", which has accumulated a lot and lowered the institutional threshold for market participants to invest and start businesses. Some of these innovations come from grassroots inventions and creations, which are urgent for market players, think about what market players think, and play "targeted drugs" for pain points.
On February 2 1, the self-employed Liang received the first electronic business license of individual industrial and commercial households in Jinshui District Government Service Center of Zhengzhou City. The business license in this mobile phone also means that the registration of individual industrial and commercial households in Henan Province has officially entered a new stage of "zero meetings, zero errands, zero intervention and zero fees".
Shanghai's "assistant" government service, Luohe City, Henan Province's "Mayor's Patent Award", Jiangsu and other places "no punishment for first offense" and "no punishment for minor mistakes" ... All localities and departments are trying to reduce management, facilitate enterprises, and exchange the vitality of market players in the process of generation.
According to the data, in 20021year, all 523 business licensing items at the central and local levels were incorporated into the reform, and a list management system was established, and there was no license outside the list. In the past five years, the average start-up time of enterprises has been reduced from 22.9 days to less than 4 working days, and the shortest time is only half a day, realizing "one time without running, half a day to do it well".
Some of these innovations come from the breakthrough and perfection of laws and regulations, summarizing the exploration at the grassroots level into standards that can be replicated and promoted, spreading them in a wider range, and empowering innovative entrepreneurs.
In August, 20021year, the State Council promulgated the regulations on the registration of market entities in People's Republic of China (PRC), which promptly upgraded the effective commercial system reform measures from 20 13 to laws and regulations. The reform of "separation of licenses" initiated by Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone was also implemented nationwide on 20021,which achieved full coverage of the reform and intensified the pilot project in the Pilot Free Trade Zone. From July to the end of 2002/kloc-0, the reform of "separation of licenses" benefited1346,000 enterprises, accounting for 28. 1% of newly established enterprises in the same period.
In order to maintain and optimize an efficient, orderly, unified and safe super-large-scale market, the State Council has also issued the 14th Five-Year Plan for the modernization of market supervision, making efforts in anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition supervision, optimizing the online and offline competition ecology, strengthening the design of integrated supervision system, preventing the barbaric growth of capital and creating a fair and healthy environment for enterprises.
Through scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation, under the protection of a series of combination boxing, China's economy has not only stabilized, but also achieved rapid development in the new economic form represented by digital industry, intelligent industry and cloud economy, which has become a new bright spot of China's economic development. In 20021year, there were 3.838 million newly established enterprises in the "four new economies" nationwide, with a year-on-year increase of 15.8%, accounting for 42.5% of the total number of newly established enterprises.
Grasping innovation means grasping development, and seeking innovation means seeking the future. Striving for a new journey, innovation and development are more promising! (Reporter She Huimin Yan Ying)