It mainly includes the choice of structural system, the choice of construction site, the rationalization of architectural appearance and layout. It is required to participate in the structural optimization design at the stage of determining the architectural scheme. Choosing a reasonable system, adopting as regular a plane form as possible, and avoiding large openings and overhangs, as well as sudden changes in facade stiffness, can not only greatly improve the safety performance of the structure, but also be the top priority of structural design and structural optimization design, which is particularly important for saving construction costs.
Second, the optimal design of main components;
It mainly includes the layout of structure, the choice of building materials, the choice of component size and the rationalization of steel bar configuration. In the reasonable structural design, the reinforcement of most members should be within the reasonable structural reinforcement range. It is not a good thing to add steel bars blindly. Taking the strong column and weak beam as an example, its purpose is to let the beam break first, so as to ensure the column is continuous and prevent the whole structure from collapsing. If designers don't understand the intention of the code, they solve the safety problem by blindly increasing the amount of materials, thinking that the structure is safer, but in fact it is counterproductive, making the structure more unsafe.
Thirdly, the optimal design of detail nodes.
The design optimization of detail nodes, such as the feet of the facade, overhangs, ring beams, coping, etc., is often ignored by designers. But it is also an important part of the project cost. Strictly control to avoid extra waste beyond the calculation requirements.