X86 is a complex instruction set, and Intel basically holds all the patents. It has been used as the core instruction set of personal computer since 8-bit instruction. X64 is its 64-bit version. When X86 and X64 appear side by side, X86 refers to the 32-bit X86 instruction set. In order to prevent monopoly, the patent X86 is licensed to AMD by Intel, so AMD can also manufacture CPU supporting X86 and X64 instructions.
ARM is not a chip, but a set of simple instruction sets and chip manufacturing specifications. Its main patents are held by ARM, but a large part of them are held by other companies, so there are many authorized companies of ARM, such as Qualcomm, Samsung, Huawei and Ti Yi. ...