Especially, Lu, Cao Yanhua, Jin Wei,
Zou Baiyushui Zhang Dou Su Yun Pange Xi Fan Lang Peng
Lu Weichang Ma Fanghua Liu Yuan Jiabao Tang Poetry
Fei Liancen, Xue Lei and Doniten are better than Wu Haoan in Luo Yin.
When I was happy, I beat Qi Kang, Wu Yuyuan, Meng Gu and Ping Huang.
He Xiaomu Yinyao burned Wang Zhan Mao Qi in Mi Di Bei Ming Cang.
On Song Taizu Pang Xiong Ji Shu Qu Zhu Xiang Liang Dong
Du Ruan Lan Min Lu Jiangguo
Beautiful carved autumn snail paste Tian Fanhuo
Wan Yu's branch blamed Liu Mo's Confucian classics and Qiu Miao's dry interpretation of Yingzong.
Ding Xuan was born in Danhanghong Zhu Bao Zuo Cui Shi Ji Niu Palace.
Cheng Yuanxing, Pei Hua, Lu Rongweng, Yang Xun, Hui Yu, Wei Zhen Jiafeng
Wu Mi Wu Jiao Ba Gong Yi Rui Jin Chu Li Ji Song Yan Min Jing Duan
Mukui ancient mountain bike behind Mi Peng Quanxi Ban Yang Zhong Qiuyi Palace
Ning Qiuluan Gan Bao Li Luo Wu Rongzu Fu Liu Jing Station Shulong
Ye Xingsi Roasted Korean Chicken Yin Bo Subai Huaiputai is from Hubei.
Suo Xian Ji Lai Zhuo Lin Tu Meng Chi Yin Qiao Xu Yu Cang Shuang.
Pei Jishen, an old tattooed man in Zhai Tan Palace, helped to block Ran Zai Li Yong.
Quequ Sangguipu Cattle Head Bucket Side Hu Yanji Tanpu Shangnong
Wen Bie Zhuang Yan Chai worships Mu Lian Ru Huanrong.
Gu Xiang Shen Yige Liao Geng Zhong He Ju Heng Bu Du Geng Man Hong
Kuangkuo Wenkouguang Road is short of Dongou Weiwo Li Weiyue Solanum nigrum.
Shi Gong took a photo of Nie Chaogou Aorong's cold heart and looked at it, Jane Rao Kong.
On one occasion, there was no need to draw a bow on the beach, but the hive closed the door and checked with Jing Hong.
You Zhu Quan Gai Yi Huan Gong Wan Yi Temple Ma Shang Guan Ouyang
In the summer, all the Ge people in the later dynasty heard about the East River company Huangfuweichi Ram.
In the imperial court of , Pu Yangchun was slaughtered at the request of Khan.
Gong Sun Xuanyuan ordered Fox Bell to leave Murong.
Being an apprentice is better than being an official.
Zhuan Sun Duan Muwu Ma Gong Xi Qi Diao's music is just right for the public.
Bartoja Guzaifu Gu Liang Chu Jinyan hair Rutuqin.
Duan gan dong men Hu Yan GUI hai sheep tongue slightly alive
After Yue Shuai's prosperity, there are Qin Liangqiu's East Gate and West Gate of Zuo Qiu.
Shangmou, Shebo, Shangnan Gong and Yan loved Toarey Yang for years.
The fifth word is the continuation of hundreds of surnames. ..
The origin of China's hundred surnames
In the history of Chinese civilization, name has always been the most important identification symbol for individuals as members of society. Among them, "first name" is generally taken by parents, while "surname" is passed down from generation to generation with a long history. So, where did your surname come from? What changes have taken place in its long history? Who is a historical celebrity? Surnames in our country have a long history. According to legend, more than 5,000 years ago, Fu, the leader of the eastern tribes, began to "take the right surname instead of marrying", forming the earliest surname system and marriage system. Before Qin and Han Dynasties, surnames and surnames were two different concepts. "Surname" originated from matriarchal society and is used to express matriarchal descent. "Shi" originated from patriarchal society and is a branch derived from the same surname. At first, it was the name of each tribe with the same surname, and later it was specifically the leader of the tribe. After the country came into being, many feudal countries and official positions also became the names of surnames. In ancient times, feudal countries and official positions may be hereditary, and surnames can also be hereditary accordingly. Once the feudal state and official position were lost, the surname began to evolve into a symbol of the family. So at this time, only nobles have surnames, and civilians and slaves have no surnames. Generally speaking, women call "surname" "marriage", while men call "surname" "showing dignity", which has different functions. The era of mass production of stone was in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, especially in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the system of Zhou dynasty, Zhou's eldest son will inherit the throne in the future, and he will be called the prince. The rest of his sons will be called princes, the sons of princes will be called princes' grandchildren, and princes and princes' grandchildren will be called royal children. The prince's sons are all called childe except the prince, the son of childe is called Gongsun, and Gongsun and Gongsun are collectively called Gongsun. The royal family and the public family can take the country as their surnames. The descendants of Gongsun do not belong to the clan. They take their grandfathers' names or characters as their surnames, and they can also name their surnames in other ways, mainly including: (1) taking Fengcheng as their surnames. For example, Duke Wu of Jin conferred his uncle in Korea, and the great-grandson Jue took the city name as his surname, and Han Jue took the surname of Ji Han; (2) Take the place name of residence as the surname. For example, there are descendants of Qi Huangong who live in the Dongmen area outside the capital Linzi, called Dr. Dongguo, and the descendants of Dongguo are the surname; The name of an official is Shi. If historians have descendants called history; (4) Take technology as the surname. If the Potter has descendants named Dow; (5) Take the ancestor posthumous title as his surname. If there are descendants who take posthumous title Mu as their surname, they are called Mu. In this way, a large number of different surnames have appeared, far exceeding the number of surnames. In this period, "surname" was fixed, but "surname" changed from time to time. Therefore, it often happens that the father and son have the same surname, or the surnames are different, but the surnames are the same. Even the same person can have different surnames at different times. These changes often reflect the changes of aristocratic status and authority. For example, Shang Yang in the mid-Warring States period was originally a descendant of Sun, so it was also called Wei Yang and Sun Yang. Qin named him Hou and Shang Yang. During the Warring States period, with the collapse of the patriarchal clan system of slavery, the old surname system gradually became chaotic and there was a trend of unifying surnames. By the Qin and Han dynasties, the surname system in China was basically established, and surnames and surnames were completely integrated, which was no longer the patent of nobles, and civilians could also have surnames. After Qin and Han Dynasties, new surnames came into being in the following ways: (1) changing surnames to avoid disasters; (2) changing the surname is to avoid the taboo of the emperor. For example, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Zhuang family changed its name to Yan to avoid the Emperor Gaozu Liu Zhuang; (3) When the ethnic minorities merged with the Han nationality, the tribal names of ethnic minorities evolved into Han surnames; (4) When a surname is written in several different ways, it will often evolve into several different surnames. About the Song Dynasty, the surnames of China people were almost the same as those of modern people. After the Western Han Dynasty, many books on surnames have been compiled in past dynasties, and the only one that can be widely known among the people is Hundred Surnames compiled by the Song Dynasty.
Hundred Family Names is the most popular and widely circulated textbook in China. It was written and popularized earlier than Saint Amethyst. According to the textual research of scholars in the Southern Song Dynasty, the arrangement of the first few surnames in the book is exquisite: Zhao Zhi, since it is the surname of the monarch, should be the first; Followed by Qian, Qian is the surname of King Wu Yue of the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries; Sun was the surname of Princess Ganchu at that time; Li is the king of Southern Tang Dynasty. He judged that "Hundred Family Names" seems to have been written by Wang when the Qian family in Zhejiang had a state. According to historical records, there was still a period of time after the founding of Song Taizu, and wuyue did not lead his troops to surrender until the second year of rejuvenating the country in Song Taizong. It can be seen that this book was published in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty.
According to legend, Hundred Family Names was originally a literary reading compiled by a scholar in Qiantang (Hangzhou) in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty. It turns common surnames into four-character rhymes, like a four-character poem, which is easy to read and remember. So it has spread to this day and has far-reaching influence. Hundreds of surnames originally collected 4 1 1 surnames, which were supplemented by gifts to 504 surnames, including 444 single surnames and 60 compound surnames.