1. Rapid innovation market: In the market with rapid technology update and short product life cycle, even without patent protection, rapid innovation and iterative ability can help enterprises maintain their advantages in the competition. Such as software development, Internet services, electronic products and other industries.
2. Confidentiality and technical secrets: In some cases, enterprises can choose to protect their competitive advantage by keeping technical secrets instead of applying for patents. This is very common in the fields of formula, technological process and design, such as some unique formulas or production methods in the food and beverage industry.