1, aimed at adults and children above 1 and 1 (oseltamivir phosphate can effectively treat influenza A and B, but there are few clinical application data of influenza B). Patients should use it within 48 hours of the first symptom.
2. It is used to prevent influenza A and B in adults and adolescents over 13 years old and 13 years old.
Oseltamivir phosphate can be taken with food or alone. But for some patients, taking medicine while eating can improve the tolerance of drugs. Treatment of influenza should be started on the first or second day (preferably within 36 hours) after the symptoms of influenza appear. Dosage Guidance The recommended oral dose of oseltamivir phosphate for adults and adolescents aged 13 or above is 75mg each time, twice a day for ***5 days.
Oseltamivir phosphate is a prodrug of its active metabolite, and its active metabolite (oseltamivir carboxylate) is a selective inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase. Neuraminidase is a glycoprotease on the surface of virus, and its activity is very important for the release of newly formed virus particles from infected cells and the further spread of infectious virus in human body. The active metabolites of oseltamivir phosphate can inhibit the neuraminidase activity of influenza A and B viruses.
The inhibitory concentration of viral neuraminidase activity in vitro was as low as nanogram. It was observed that the active metabolites inhibited the growth of influenza virus in vitro and the replication and pathogenicity of influenza virus in vivo. The product can reduce the spread of influenza A or B virus by inhibiting the release of virus from infected cells.
Studies on naturally acquired influenza and laboratory influenza show that the application of oseltamivir phosphate does not affect the normal humoral immune response to infection. Oseltamivir phosphate treatment did not affect the antibody response to inactivated vaccine.
According to the data, Tamiflu was listed in June 5438+0999 and June 5438+00. At first, the response was mediocre and the sales volume was not good. By 2002, only more than 5.5 million boxes were sold (one box contains 10 Tamiflu, which is equivalent to a course of treatment). However, the outbreak of bird flu made Duffy "lucky". Worried that bird flu will spread among people, the World Health Organization suggested storing Tamiflu, and governments all over the world sent orders to Roche Pharmaceutical Company.
At present, there are mainly two kinds of Tamiflu produced by Roche and Tamiflu made in China, namely oseltamivir phosphate capsules.