1) What do you mean it's done abroad? Patent is about the application system, that is, in which country (such as the United States) applied for a patent, and the patent obtained the patent right in that country (the United States), then it is protected in that country (the United States). It is illegal for any unit or individual other than the applicant to use it (in the United States), but it cannot be protected in other countries (such as China) without applying. Any unit or individual in China can use it at home without infringement. . . In other words, the protection of patents is based on the state, so the administrative department is under the jurisdiction of China National Intellectual Property Administration (countries have different names, such as intellectual property rights in Taiwan Province Province). Therefore, to apply for a patent, you must apply in accordance with the requirements of China National Intellectual Property Administration Patent Office, and submit the application documents to the above-mentioned Patent Office for examination and approval.
2) Supplementary question: To apply for a patent abroad, you need to search on the websites of intellectual property offices in various countries. If you have it, you have it. No, no. Of course, the premise is that you have to search them all. Generally, you mainly search the United States, Europe, Japan and China. Similarly, infringement also applies to national boundaries, as I have explained above, but you should note that it takes a long time to apply for a patent right, and it usually takes about three years to authorize it. So it doesn't mean that foreign applicants haven't applied, and they may not have been published yet. This is too complicated. You don't have to understand. What needs to be judged is that the patent applied abroad three years ago is not available in China, so it can be done. In addition, patent protection has a time limit, some are 20 years, and some are 10 years. Anyone can use it after it expires, so you can use it without any problems.