Let's tear down the whole cabinet one by one;
First, the cabinet.
The vast majority of cabinets are particleboard, and very few are medium density boards. Particleboard is a kind of natural wood that is crushed into particles and pressed into plates. Its waterproof performance is better than that of MDF, and it is the main material of kitchen cabinets at present.
Particleboard classification:
According to the use, it is divided into grade A particleboard and grade B particleboard;
According to the structure of particleboard, it is divided into: a. single-layer particleboard; B. three-layer structure particleboard; C. particleboard with gradually changing structure; Oriented particleboard; E. waffle particleboard; F. molded particleboard;
According to the surface condition, it is divided into: unprocessed particleboard: a. sanded particleboard; B. dry particleboard. Veneered particleboard: a. impregnated paper veneered particleboard; B. decorative laminated veneer particleboard; C. veneer-faced particleboard; D, surface coating the particleboard; E. PVC veneer particleboard, etc. ;
The standard cabinet material adopts melamine particleboard (including imported kitchen cabinets). The main ingredient of melamine particleboard is to cut natural logs, crush them into small shapes with specifications, add environmental protection glue and refine them at high temperature and high pressure. Melamine board is made of colored paper pressed on a plain board at 600℃, and the environmental protection standard in China is 100 mg ≥ 40g. The lowest European standards E- 1, 100mg≥ 10, and E-O standard 100 mg ≥3. If it exceeds E-O, there will be no formaldehyde. The Lushuihe particleboard of Jilin Forest Industry Group is widely used by domestic manufacturers, and its quality has passed the European E- 1.
Characteristics of Lushuihe particleboard;
A. Pay attention to environmental protection, adopt high-tech environmental protection glue formula, and produce E 1 grade moisture-proof and environmental protection base materials that meet European standards.
B. Exquisite decorative paper is used, which has the characteristics of exquisite patterns and colors, clear texture and light fastness.
Characteristics of Ai Jia/Checkerboard Iger Particleboard;
The material is selected from several kinds of needles growing in cold regions of continental Europe. In order to make the board have good physical properties and reprocessability, a small amount of sawdust is mixed during the processing. Particleboard overcomes the shortcomings of natural wood and has stable physical properties. Therefore, particleboard is a kind of board made of natural logs through cutting, crushing and high temperature and high pressure, which is more suitable for furniture production and use. Aijiaban has a flat surface and is not easy to deform. It is also a kind of green environmental protection product, and the harmonious unity of appearance and function can perfectly reflect the excellent quality of the product.
medium density fiberboard
It is an artificial board made of wood fiber or other plant fiber and urea-formaldehyde resin or other suitable adhesive. Density board is easy to reprocess because of its softness and impact resistance. Poor moisture resistance. Good flatness, usually used for panel furniture and office furniture. Because the density board is easy to loosen after fastening, the strength of fastening after loosening is insufficient. Because of the good flatness of medium density, it is suitable for door panels and countertops. When used for box boards, it is limited in the process of assembly and fastening.
It should be noted that the thickness of the plate is mostly 16mm, and of course there are 18 mm, and the thicker the plate, the more expensive it is. Many people only care about door panels and countertops. In fact, there are patterns here. The advertisement is 18mm board, and the contract is changed to 16mm board. Many people didn't pay attention. The actual quality of cabinets should be considered: 1. Plate, 2 thickness and 3 edges. Edge sealing is very important, the thicker the better, the more durable it is, so that formaldehyde in the plate will not volatilize.
Second, the panel (or door)
The thickness of door panels is generally 18MM, and there are many kinds of materials.
1, solid wood board
It has the effect of returning to nature and simplicity, and the treatment of flower corners and the color of paint require high technology, which can better express the classical style. It should be noted that the so-called solid wood boards are not all solid wood. Its doorframe is made of solid wood, mainly cherry wood, walnut wood and oak. The door core adopts solid wood skin medium density board. Generally, the surface of solid wood is uneven and painted, so as to maintain the color and beautiful shape of logs. This can ensure the special visual effect of solid wood, and the combination of frame and core board can ensure the strength of door panel.
Advantages: scratch resistance and high temperature resistance. Good texture, natural texture, better environmental protection. Compared with other materials, the thermal conductivity is small.
Disadvantages: the color is determined by the tree species, and there are few colors to choose from. Poor acid and alkali resistance, not suitable for too dry or humid environment, maintenance trouble. Price is high.
2. Metal plate
Metal door panels are the latest fashion colors, bold and avant-garde, with personalized style and sense of the times. Its structure is to stick a metal plate with special oxidation treatment, fine wire drawing and polishing on the medium density board, and form a dense protective layer on the surface.
Advantages: Wear resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Metal has strong plasticity, fine texture, easy cleaning and no peculiar smell. Simple lines, long service life and durability.
Disadvantages: easy to deform, easy to leave groove pits after slight collision, and difficult to repair scratches. The color is mainly cool, which has the feeling of "ice" and lacks family warmth.
3. Fireproof board
Fire-resistant board is the mainstream material of integral cabinet at present. The base material is particleboard or density board, and the surface is decorated with fireproof board. Its characteristics meet the requirements of the use of cabinets, adapt to the special environment of the kitchen, and cater to the development trend of the combination of "beauty and practicality" of cabinets.
Advantages: Wear resistance, high temperature resistance and scratch resistance. Watertight and easy to clean. Bright color, not easy to fade, delicate to the touch and affordable.
Disadvantages: poor waterproof performance. Compared with paint and resin, the color and fashion sense are slightly worse. Poor plasticity, unable to create three-dimensional effects such as bumps.
Step 4 paint the board
The base material of baking paint board is density board, and the surface is painted with imported paint (three bottom, two sides and one light) for six times at high temperature. Baked paint board is characterized by bright colors, easy modeling, strong visual impact, and very beautiful and fashionable.
Advantages: the surface coating can be effectively waterproof. Imported colors are bright and the surface is smooth. Strong anti-pollution ability and easy cleaning.
Disadvantages: I am afraid of bumps and scratches, and the damage is difficult to repair. A kitchen with a lot of oil smoke is prone to color difference. Advanced technology, the price of products using imported coatings is on the high side.
5. Resin door panel
Resin door panel refers to the door panel covered with mirror or frosted resin material, which is usually harder than baking paint and can be divided into mirror and frosted effect materials.
Resin plate mostly adopts color spray painting, and the whole plate is imported, which is the material for making high-grade glasses with high cost performance. Fine luster, soft color, smooth surface, easy to clean, not easy to change color, but not very good high temperature resistance. Fashion-seeking consumers can choose the mirror resin plate cabinet, but be careful when using it, because it is easy to cut flowers.
Advantages: safety and environmental protection, light weight. Rich in color, transparent and fashionable, and can be infinitely thickened. Outstanding moisture-proof performance, not easy to deform. The impact resistance and bearing capacity are more than 200 times higher than that of glass, and it is not fragile.
Disadvantages: poor high temperature resistance. Poor wear resistance, easy to cut flowers.
6, blister board
The base material is density board, and the surface is formed by vacuum suction or seamless PVC film compression molding process. It is the most mature cabinet material, the most convenient and the most suitable for people's lives. This kind of cabinet door panel has two effects: bright and matt. It not only has the bright color and gorgeous quality of baking paint, but also is tougher and more wear-resistant than baking paint. The door panel does not need edge sealing under normal size, which is waterproof and moisture-proof, hard and flexible.
Advantages: rich colors, realistic wood grain, pure and bright monochromatic chromaticity. Not easy to crack and deform, scratch-resistant, dirty-resistant and colorfast. The molding process of seamless PVC film does not need edge sealing, and there is no glue opening problem. Daily maintenance is simple and no special maintenance is needed.
Disadvantages: Because the surface is PVC film, it has poor high temperature resistance and short service life.
7. Wood veneer
Wood veneer refers to the use of cladding technology to stick solid wood on the surface of the board, which can highlight the wood grain, has soft texture, good environmental protection performance and has a classical or modern style. Generally 0.6mm inside and outside.
Advantages: novel shape, good texture, no need for edge sealing, good waterproof and moisture-proof performance, no deformation, smooth surface, no oil leakage, easy cleaning, lower cost than solid wood, suitable for people who like natural wood grain but don't want to pay high prices.
Disadvantages: the surface scratch resistance is poor, and the original natural defects of wood will be naturally exposed.
8. Glass door panel
Glass door panels are commonly used materials in hanging cabinets, which not only make the kitchen more transparent, but also add a touch of bright color to the whole cabinet.
Advantages: good light transmission, rich color and no peculiar smell. Good moisture-proof and fire-proof performance, no deformation problem.
Disadvantages: the material is fragile, so pay special attention when using it. Poor surface plasticity and few patterns. Besides, the stain looks obvious.
Third, the countertop
The materials that can be used as cabinet countertops are: marble, fireproof board, stainless steel and artificial stone. Among them, artificial stone is divided into: colored stone, crystal stone, marble, Sailite (quartz stone), composite acrylic and pure acrylic.
What material is good for cabinet countertops? Let's compare the countertop materials:
Marble-advantages: hard texture, wear resistance and natural texture.
Disadvantages are: 1, air holes on the surface, easy to leak; 2. It is not easy to process, and there are gaps in splicing. 3. The radioactive element "radon" is harmful to human body. Not suitable for places where old people and children often move.
Fireproof board-a desktop made of medium density or particleboard with a thickness of 0.8 ~ 1.2 mm, high pressure and bending. The fireproof board desktop has good physical and chemical properties, rich colors, wear resistance, easy cleaning, corrosion resistance and radiation protection. However, it is difficult to deal with the countertops with corner joints and the countertops with staggered heights. Once it is not handled well, it is easy to crack, crack and bulge.
Stainless steel-stainless steel countertops are very popular in old kitchens, and are deeply loved by people for their wear resistance, dry resistance, waterproof, easy cleaning, corrosion resistance, non-aging and long service life. With the introduction of the concept of integrated kitchen, integrated cabinets gradually replaced the old cabinets, while stainless steel countertops were gradually replaced by brightly colored and seamless artificial stones because of cracks in splicing, harsh manufacturing and installation, and complicated processing. With the improvement of welding technology, seamless welding has been realized and stainless steel countertops have made a comeback. In particular, the integration of basin and countertop makes the stainless steel countertop overcome its own shortcomings and regain people's favor with its unparalleled texture.
Artificial stone-artificial stone countertop is a kind of chemically synthesized decorative material that rises with the introduction of integrated kitchen.
According to the different ingredients, there are the following artificial stone countertops on the market:
1, celestite: the first generation product of artificial stone, mainly composed of unsaturated resin, aluminum hydroxide powder, acrylate monomer, pigment, etc. In order to reduce the cost, many small manufacturers use calcium powder instead of aluminum powder, which leads to dull and fragile countertops, easy to break, corrode and leak.
2. Crystal stone: Compared with beryl, crystal stone has not changed much in essence, but more materials with large particles and high transparency are used in color matching and pigments. I have done an experiment in the countertop processing workshop-the crystal countertop has more pores after high temperature tempering than ordinary beryl.
3. Marble: Marble is an artificial stone with higher cost than crystal stone. Its pattern imitates natural lines and its texture is hard. Because of its defects in processing and particle docking, it has not been used on a large scale, and is generally used for other exterior wall packaging, columns and lighting packaging.
4. Celery stone is also called quartz stone: quartz stone is a kind of stone that has only appeared in the last two years. Contains natural timeliness, hard texture, natural luxury, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and no leakage. However, the processing and splicing are complicated and there are splicing traces. At present, Celite from Spain is popular in the market.
5, composite acrylic: composite acrylic countertops are the most cost-effective of all artificial stone countertops. Its main components are saturated resin about 20% acrylic acid, aluminum hydroxide and particles, 65% other materials about 2% (depending on different colors). Its price, gloss, hardness and corrosion resistance are moderate, and it is the mainstream product in the cabinet countertop.
6. Pure acrylic: The main components of pure acrylic countertops are grade A methyl acrylate and aluminum hydroxide. Delicate luster, non-toxic, non-radiation, easy to clean, corrosion-resistant, non-leakage, is the most ideal cabinet countertop material at present. At present, there are mainly two pure acrylic brands in Qingdao market: Samsung Rongxing and Du Bangkelinai.
Through the above analysis, it is not difficult to see that the marble cabinet countertops have gradually faded out of people's field of vision. There are still some customers who are pursuing benefits on the Celeste countertop. Celeste countertops with market price higher than 300 yuan /m are not necessarily good, but countertops with market price lower than 300 yuan /m are best not to be used. In addition to the quality of some imported brands, the fire board countertops are still in use, and generally no one is choosing. At present, most stainless steel countertops use 0.8mm 304 stainless steel plate, which can fully meet the use requirements, and is called 1.0mm in the industry. Composite acrylic countertops are the mainstream products in the market at present. According to different brands and quality, the general price is between 800 ~ 1200 yuan/meter. Quartz stone countertops are selling well in Spain at present, and the price is between 1780 ~ 3780 yuan/meter according to different colors. At present, there are mainly two brands of pure acrylic countertops on the market, Samsung and DuPont, and the price is two or three thousand per meter. It belongs to high-end products and is favored by many wealthy high-end consumers who pursue quality of life.
Fourth, hardware.
Although there is little hardware in the cabinet, it determines the service life of the cabinet.
The hardware fittings of cabinets are one of the important parts of modern kitchen furniture, and the realization of most functions of cabinets needs the support of hardware. Usually, there are seven kinds of hardware fittings, such as hinge, slide rail, shock absorber, air strut, hanging code, adjusting foot and skirting board. At present, the top manufacturers of hardware in the market are Blum, submarine stone, glass and so on. , its hardware accessories are trustworthy.
1, hinge: it is the most important hardware accessory of the cabinet. According to statistics, the cupboard door has to be opened and closed 65438+ ten thousand times in 10 year! Therefore, the quality of hinges is very important for the normal opening and closing of cabinet doors. There are two indicators to measure the quality of hinges. One is the structural strength, and the standard is whether it can be switched100000 times under a door load of 75 pounds. The other is the surface corrosion resistance, the index is whether it can resist corrosion 48 hours after salt water spraying. Damping hinge is a common configuration now, which can be seen in the quotations of many cabinet manufacturers.
2. Slide rail: The drawer slide rail is second only to the hinge in the cabinet, and is mainly used for drawers and drawing. There are three kinds of sliding rails used in cabinets: ordinary bottom support, metal side plate and luxury all-inclusive type, and the differences between them in appearance, performance and price are extremely obvious. Ordinary bottom-supported slide rails are simple in structure and low in price. The side plates of drawers need to be made of wooden boards, and the width of drawers should not exceed 600mm when making them. The structure of the metal side slide rail is similar to the former, because it has steel plates on both sides of the drawer. The appearance is more exquisite and more durable and affordable than the former. Luxurious all-inclusive drawer slide rail with patented pulley. When sliding, the noise is extremely low, and the drawer is heavily loaded. The heavier it is, the more slippery it is. The inner corner is arc, which is convenient for sanitation and cleaning. Full-pull design makes the items stored in the drawer clear at a glance, which is convenient for direct access.
3. Shock absorption: The main purpose of shock absorption product design is to reduce the impact between the door panel and the cabinet, prolong the service life of the door panel, reduce the noise during kitchen operation, and create a quiet and comfortable indoor environment. There are three ways to achieve shock absorption effect: one is oil pressure shock absorption. The representative product of this structure is the EKA damping door closer imported from Italy, which will leak oil after a period of use and lose its damping effect after a period of time. Most domestic cabinet suppliers that attach importance to quality have stopped using it. The second is silicone oil matrix. Its representative product is Blum's luxury damping drawer, which has stable damping and can intelligently achieve damping effect according to the intensity of operation, but there is no closed-door appearance of this principle in the market at present. Third, pneumatic shock absorption, the representative product of this method is Hettich's shock absorption drawer, which will lose the shock absorption effect if the force is slightly large, and will cause damage to the cylinder and completely lose the shock absorption effect if it is improperly used. Fourth, mechanical spring damping, door closers and drawers are damped in this way, with stable effect, no aging and reliable quality. Its representative product is Hettich's damping door closer.
4. Air support: According to the upturned form, the cabinet air support can be divided into upturned type, translational upturned type, vertical translational upturned type and folding upturned type. According to the weight of the supporting door panel, it can be divided into ordinary type and heavy supporting type. At present, the commonly used supports in the market are pneumatic support and damping pneumatic support. The supporting force of a single pneumatic support is 80 Newton, and the width of the cabinet door panel is
5, hanging code: the accessories used in the cabinet installation hanging cabinet have undergone three generations of improvement because they directly affect the safety performance of the product. The first generation of exposed ABS engineering plastic hanger code was fixed by self-tapping screws and side plates, which affected the appearance of the hanger and had poor load-bearing performance. Most cabinet suppliers have been eliminated; The main feature of the second-generation hidden steel hanger code is that it is installed and hidden between the back plate and the wall of the hanging cabinet, which does not affect the appearance of the hanging cabinet and improves the load-bearing performance. On the basis of the second-generation products, the third-generation hidden steel hanger code with a single load-bearing capacity of 65KG has made technological innovations in the connection and fixation with solid side plates and the installation of pendants, and strengthened the stressed parts. The main brands with a single load-bearing capacity of 70KG are Hettich, CAMAR, Spain INDEX and so on.
6. Adjusting feet: There are two kinds of adjusting feet: PVC and ABS. PVC has low cost, and is mostly made of recycled plastics, with poor load-bearing performance. The adjusting feet made of ABS engineering plastics are durable and have good load-bearing performance, which can support the weight of the whole cabinet more effectively.
7. Skirting board: Skirting board can be divided into three types: wooden skirting board, PVC skirting board and aluminum skirting board. In order to reduce the cost, some manufacturers make wooden skirting boards with leftover bits and pieces when making cabinets. However, because the skirting board is very close to the ground, wooden materials are easy to absorb water and get wet. After a period of use, the wooden skirting board will become "fat" and moldy. PVC skirting and aluminum skirting are recognized by experts, which are not only waterproof, moisture-proof, mildew-proof, rust-free, but also beautiful and durable. In particular, the aluminum skirting board will not be damaged for almost a lifetime (the price of skirting board should be included in the overall cabinet).
Everyone has different opinions, preferences and use value points, so choose as appropriate. Simple and practical, beautiful and generous, do not forget the virtue of thrift.