Science and technology market is a market where scientific and technological achievements are transferred in the form of contracts according to the law of value. In the science and technology market, most of the products that can appear in the form of commodities are technologies.
After World War II, the technology market developed rapidly. Science and technology trade, as a kind of knowledge trade, has become the protagonist of international trade. In China, due to the problems of technology development ability and commodity economy understanding, the technology market started late, but the industrialization and commercialization of technology made rapid progress. 1992, technology trade broke through the 100 billion mark, reaching1500 million. 1993 exceeded 20 billion, reaching 20.7 billion; 1994 has increased to 22.8 billion. With the improvement of China's market system and the establishment of the strategic idea that science and technology are the primary productive forces, China's technology market will enter a faster and higher development stage.
The trading object of science and technology market is technical goods, which can not only realize knowledge-based labor (including services) of technological achievements and technology dissemination through exchange. Technology commodity is an independent knowledge commodity, and its particularity determines the characteristics of technology market.
2, the technology market broker and its role
The meaning of (1) technology market broker
Science and technology brokers refer to citizens, legal persons or other economic organizations that engage in brokerage business such as brokerage, intermediary and agency for the purpose of collecting commissions and promoting other people's scientific and technological achievements and technology transactions. Generally speaking, technical intermediary and technical agency activities are the main ways of technical brokerage.
(2) the role of technology market brokers
In the technology market, technology brokers can play the following roles: a, collect, sort out and exchange technology information, find out the supply and demand sides of technology in the market and match them; B, realize the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements and technologies, help technology transfer and serve the whole process of technology trading.
3, technology market brokerage business operation
Because most of the products that can appear in the technology market are technology, the following mainly analyzes the technology brokerage business. According to the different commodities brokered by technology market brokers, their businesses can be divided into the following types:
(1) patent technology broker
Patent technology brokerage is to publicly trade technologies protected by relevant state laws to the society. Brokers find buyers and sellers for patentees. Therefore, brokers should investigate and study the technical prospect, market potential and transfer mode of the project technology, and organize publicity and contact.
(2) Non-patented technology brokers
Non-patented technology is generally called "proprietary technology", which is not open to the public and has no "ownership" in the legal sense. In essence, it is a self-confidential technology. When brokers engage in such technical brokerage, they should not only let the transferee know about the technology and market prospects, but also keep secrets for the entrusting party.
(3) Technology Development Project Brokerage
Technology development is an innovative work of new technologies, new processes and new products, which is risky. Brokers should mainly do a good job in feasibility study and project consultation, and at the same time, according to the actual situation of entrusted development and cooperative development, do a good job in the attribution and distribution of technological achievements in the process of project development.
(4) brokers who combine technology and trade.
Among technical brokers, this kind of transaction is the most common. Technology transfer drives trade, and trade promotes the industrialization, marketization and commercialization of technology. Brokers rationally organize all aspects of transfer, production and product sales, and formulate appropriate combination strategies. For example, in order to expand the scope of technology use, the patentee transfers technology at a very low or even free price, and gains benefits from production or sales.
(5) Brokerage of technical talents
Technical talent brokers are high-level labor brokers. Brokers should not only be familiar with the mantra of "turning stone into gold", but also broker "people" who turn stone into gold.
(6) Technology brokers in the international technology market
The characteristic of international technology brokerage is that the environment of technology trading is complex, which is not only different from countries' technical laws and business practices, but also faces complicated international negotiations, so it is difficult. International technology brokers mainly act as agents for technology output and input, while in China, acting as agents for technology input is the key. Brokers should choose hundreds of technology introduction projects and make good plans to avoid the common problems of blind investment and repeated introduction.
Nowadays, science and technology dominate our world and become the driving force for our progress. New elements such as technological innovation and information network have entered our lives and been accepted by everyone. The society of this century is an era of knowledge economy, and the technology market broker will become the main role of the brokerage industry.