Can a novel business model apply for intellectual property rights?

Intellectual property, not a patent. Of course you can apply. The method is to write the experience model into a book and apply for copyright.

Then the profit from selling this book can be protected. However, the profits gained from this empirical model cannot be protected.

Intellectual property (English: intellectual property) refers to "the exclusive right of the obligee to the intellectual labor results created by him", which is generally only valid for a limited time. All kinds of intellectual creations, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, and signs, names, images and designs used in business, can be regarded as intellectual property rights owned by a certain person or organization. The main categories are: patent right, trademark right, copyright (copyright) and so on.