Small reservoirs can be built where conditions permit, halophytes can be planted around the reservoirs, and prawns can be raised in the seawater of the reservoirs. As early as 1990, Mr. Fan Qingmin from Shandong Dongying Agricultural School successfully cultivated China prawns into shrimps for wintering at a salinity of 30g/L. In fact, the salinity of this "salt water" is equivalent to that of Bohai Sea water. There are thousands of economic creatures living in the ocean. High-tech can be used to cultivate excellent varieties of marine animals and plants (such as those in the Bohai Sea) and transplant them into the desert artificial sea. The development of "salt lake agriculture" means that "salt lake and its ecological environment can develop into a new type of agriculture, which is not only a kind of salt water aquaculture, but also closely related to the salt-tolerant biota around salt water, thus forming a new research and development field of aquatic products-agriculture and animal husbandry." "Salt lake is not only the origin of inorganic salts, but also a new type of' farmland': it can be used not only for fishing and breeding new crops such as Dunaliella salina, Artemia, Spirulina, and some salt-tolerant fish and birds, but also for applying the special mechanism of salt-tolerant bacteria in salt lake to industry and agriculture, and planting salt-tolerant crops around the lake. It is a new field for human beings to obtain protein, edible pigments, fats and other foods and various industrial and scientific materials. " Relying on man-made sea, alkali-bearing desert plants are widely planted around, grassland is improved, desert tourism is developed, and relying on bioengineering, excellent plant varieties with tolerance to heavy alkali, heavy salt, seawater or salt-loving and salt-secreting are cultivated, and bare desert is covered with vegetation, so as to develop agriculture and animal husbandry and promote processing industry and tourism.
Academician Zheng Mianping (1995, 1999) of the Salt Lake and Hot Water Resources Research and Development Center of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences pointed out: "The biological resources of the salt lake system include two subsystems: salt marsh zone and saline water zone. Many halophytes are often distributed in the salt marsh area, such as Artemisia halophila, Chenopodiaceae, Sesbania, Salix, Amorpha fruticosa, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Salix, Salix psammophila, flower stick, Hippophae rhamnoides, Ephedra, Ammopiptanthus ammopiptanthus and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Most of them are feed or fuel for cattle and sheep, and some of them can be used as seedling forests (such as the latter three), so halophytes are mostly used in salt marshes. Some halophytes also absorb a lot of saline-alkali and improve soil quality. For example, Artemisia halophila is rich in crude fat, potassium, calcium and other ingredients, which is not only a favorite feed for livestock, but also contains a lot of salt. According to the determination, for every 0.66hm2 growth 1 year of Artemisia halophila, 72kg of salt and 64k9 of crude alkali can be absorbed from saline soil. A taciplex halophyte in Australia also has the characteristics of absorbing soil salt and has been used to help India transform saline-alkali land. According to Indian scientists, this plant is an excellent feed and cheap fuel, which is of great significance for transforming saline soil in the desert into fertile land. The United Arab Emirates feeds goats and sheep with two succulent halophytes of Chenopodiaceae on saline-alkali land. The results showed that the weight of sheep increased faster than that of ordinary hay. It is estimated that harvesting halophytes in saline-alkali land can feed 20 sheep. "
There have been successful examples of greening with continental salt water equivalent to the concentration of seawater minerals in China. The Tarim desert oil highway is 522 kilometers long, of which 446 kilometers pass through the Taklimakan desert called "the sea of death". It is the first long-distance highway built on a flowing desert in the world. The sand dunes along the highway are tall, mobile, with harsh natural conditions, and the wind and sand hazards are very serious. In order to ensure the smooth flow of desert roads, sand prevention measures must be taken. The national "Eighth Five-Year Plan" scientific and technological key project "Comprehensive research on sand prevention and control technology of Tarim desert oil highway" selected salt-tolerant sand-fixing plants that can tolerate saline soil and high salinity skin water, and conducted comparative screening tests. The salt crust with a surface thickness of about 2 cm along the oil highway in Tarim Desert is generally 50 ~ 200 g/kg, which is not common in other deserts in northern China. Sand Prevention and Control in Tarim Desert In high-salinity sandy soil, "irrigated with 25g/L high-salinity water, Calligonum mongolicum, Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon ammodendron grow normally, while halophytes and Erigeron spinulosa grow well", which means that Bohai water with salt content of 23g/L ~ 3 1g/L can be directly used for desert greening. If it can be mixed with salt water (or fresh water) with low salt content produced in the desert, the effect of artificial greening of the desert will be better.
Salt lake brine has a good heat storage function, and human beings have begun to use solar salt ponds to generate electricity. Solar pond is a kind of salt pond with a certain concentration gradient, which can be used as both solar collector and heat accumulator. Because of its simple structure, convenient operation and low price, it is suitable for large-scale use, and has been paid more and more attention by countries all over the world in recent years.
There are eight deserts in the north of China from east to west, namely: Horqin Sandy Land, Hunshandake Sandy Land, Mu Us Desert, Kubuqi Desert, Wulanbuhe Desert, Tengger Desert, Badain Jaran Desert and Taklimakan Desert, which are distributed continuously in the latitude direction. In the 20th century, China is facing a serious shortage of fresh water resources. Breaking the traditional mindset, making full use of the vast waters of the Bohai Sea and transferring 5-30 billion cubic meters of water every year will undoubtedly become the most ideal water source for transforming the northern desert! In a word, the principle of "seawater diversion to the west" is: using seawater instead of fresh water as ecological water, filling the closed tectonic basin in the desert (the basement is composed of extremely thick rocks), forming artificial sea to suppress the desert, curbing sandstorms, and developing artificial marine aquaculture, salinization industry and surrounding sand industries such as greening, planting and tourism; In addition, it can also be used as a water vapor supply source to moisten the northern climate and increase rainfall. The implementation of the seawater diversion project to the west, using the "baton" mode to transfer water, in line with the principle of "doing according to one's ability, approaching first and then going far, breaking each other and reaching the designated position by stages", can benefit from the construction at the same time. The preliminary project is not difficult, the construction period is short, and the investment is small. It can not only transform the ecological environment of Hunshandake Sandy Land, Kubuqi Sandy Land and Mu Us Desert near Beijing, but also obviously improve the atmosphere and atmosphere of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area. After all the long-term projects are put in place, the eight deserts in the north will be completely transformed.
Where conditions permit, seawater desalination can be done to solve the problem of drinking water for people and livestock. Don't be afraid of land salinization, at least it is better than water shortage, and it can also increase water vapor in the sky to achieve the purpose of precipitation. There is water in the desert, sandstorms can be eradicated, and seawater is inexhaustible. Later, water will be transported to the eight deserts to rebuild a great Jiangnan. The plan is being discussed with Tianjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. If implemented, it will benefit the country and the people and benefit future generations.